全世界已有5名艾滋病病人被治愈,距离终结艾滋病还有多远?
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/Lr70yVueGTL4lVTAnufyWgx2L15UBwVBzRAgtyAdSEIodH4sBDib1POx6X2xTaAickChwPiaAQxYHGlvOWZhm3PEw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">作者|叶芳</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">编辑|廖颖瑶</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">封面|站酷海洛</span></strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">7月5日清晨,社会各界人士自发来到北京协和医院告别厅,送别著名感<span style="color: black;">患病</span>学专家王爱霞教授。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">王爱霞教授<span style="color: black;">一辈子</span>致力于内科<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是感染性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的医疗、<span style="color: black;">教育</span>与<span style="color: black;">研究</span>工作,</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">她先后<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>了中国大陆<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个艾滋病病人和<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个经性传染艾滋病病毒的感染者,主持制定了艾滋病诊治的首个国家标准。</span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">艾滋病全<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>“<span style="color: black;">得到</span>性免疫缺陷<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>”(AIDS),<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV,即艾滋病病毒)破<span style="color: black;">暴徒</span>免疫功能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的一种<span style="color: black;">害处</span>性大、病死率高的严重传<span style="color: black;">患病</span>。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/Lr70yVueGTKricAcLyib7qCRYtEvAce4R4I3FHFdHKabIgXeLoaePZkZaz6VEHMvwYFFq6S134dqg9fQqpfjyaFA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◎ HIV病毒攻击细胞。/ 站酷海洛</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">自1981年<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>首例艾滋病<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">败兴</span>,<span style="color: black;">迄今</span>已有4000多万人<span style="color: black;">亡于</span>艾滋病。这个<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">迄今</span>尚<span style="color: black;">没</span>疫苗预防,一旦感染要终身服药治疗,令人稍感安慰是,<span style="color: black;">日前</span>HIV感染者的寿命<span style="color: black;">已然</span>接近非感染人群。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">0</strong><strong style="color: blue;">1</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">旅行者把艾滋病带到中国</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">艾滋病三个字,在今天几乎人尽皆知,但在1985年,这个<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">刚才</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>四年。在当时,人们认为这是一种<span style="color: black;">仅在</span>欧美发达国家的“怪病”,不会在中国<span style="color: black;">显现</span>。没想到一位美籍阿根廷青年的到访,打破了一切。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">病人</span>男性,34岁,来中国旅游,不久便在旅途中<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了发烧、咳嗽,伴有少量白痰。<span style="color: black;">显现</span>症状4天后,他于6月4日来到北京协和医院看急诊,被收治住进了加强医疗病房。入院当天下午,<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>的<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">追问病史,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>说曾于1984年和1985年两次<span style="color: black;">病患</span>卡氏肺囊虫病肺炎。他是15年前从阿根廷移民到美国加州定居,平时不抽烟不喝酒,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>吸毒恶习。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/Lr70yVueGTKricAcLyib7qCRYtEvAce4R4mQCzWM9kNgqxlI4hKosHT0mtv9k4GQiawqnkLLJp0U1vBXtiaERzQhFw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◎ 卡氏肺囊虫病是卡氏肺囊虫感染所<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的一种原虫病,其病原特征为间质性肺炎,<span style="color: black;">也</span>可<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为卡氏肺<span style="color: black;">胞子</span>虫肺炎,是AIDS病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的肺部并发症。/
站酷海洛</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">入院后,协和<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">根据</span>“肺炎”诊断给予积极治疗,奇怪的是,用上了<span style="color: black;">各样</span>抗感染类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>均<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>。<span style="color: black;">病人</span>病情<span style="color: black;">快速</span>恶化,又<span style="color: black;">出现</span>了<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>循环衰竭,于6月6日上午10:10<span style="color: black;">救治</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>效去世。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">时任<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>内科副<span style="color: black;">专家</span>王爱霞<span style="color: black;">可疑</span>病人得了全新的致命<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>——艾滋病。</span><span style="color: black;">1981年6月5日,美国疾控中心<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>报告,洛杉矶5名<span style="color: black;">青年</span>男同性恋者被诊断出<span style="color: black;">身患</span>一种不寻常的肺部感染,即卡氏肺囊虫肺炎。该病在第二年被定义为“<span style="color: black;">得到</span>性免疫缺陷<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>”,中文翻译为“艾滋病”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">随后进行了血清检测,果然<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>该<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的HIV呈阳性。为<span style="color: black;">谨慎</span>起见,王爱霞与这名<span style="color: black;">病人</span>远在美国的私人<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>取得联系,得知他确实是一名HIV感染者,其病情与美国最早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的艾滋病病例完全一致。<span style="color: black;">最后</span>尸检<span style="color: black;">亦</span>确诊,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>为艾滋病感染合并卡氏肺囊虫性肺炎。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">这是我国医务工作者<span style="color: black;">第1</span>次接触艾滋病。</span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/Lr70yVueGTKricAcLyib7qCRYtEvAce4R4h6JMlyyqNRdMicHMEAtpgtvzibACLwoPNoiaiam5uebtvLibx0RO324czUA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◎ 艾滋病的<span style="color: black;">平常</span>症状。/ 站酷海洛</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">几天后,“老外”的病例公开<span style="color: black;">发布</span>在《中华医学杂志》上。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">这是艾滋病传给中国的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个危险信号。</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">但当时人们不以为然,后来<span style="color: black;">状况</span>渐渐不妙,同年国内又<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>了4人感染HIV病毒。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">艾滋病在上个世纪80年代<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">知道</span>,性接触是一个<span style="color: black;">重点</span>传播途径。我国首例艾滋病之后的几年,未见由性接触传播<span style="color: black;">导致</span>HIV感染的<span style="color: black;">报告</span>。直至1989年,北京协和医院在67份梅毒血清阳性者的标本中<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>一例HIV抗体阳性,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>为31岁男性,中国籍,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>性接触感染上HIV。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在性传播之外,母婴传播和血液传播是艾滋病的另两条<span style="color: black;">重点</span>传染途径。人们对艾滋病<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>易感,可<span style="color: black;">经过</span>接触带有艾滋病病毒的血液、精液、阴道分泌物、乳汁而传染。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/Lr70yVueGTKricAcLyib7qCRYtEvAce4R4sXnCOLlNUwrWNgMrNZ62JIIG71NU2BAIR7gsAIrOB2lSicGCMlsfG1w/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◎
感染艾滋病病毒的孕妇在妊娠<span style="color: black;">时期</span>可<span style="color: black;">经过</span>胎盘血流将病毒传播给胎儿。分娩时产妇的羊水、血液、阴道分泌物中的病毒,可<span style="color: black;">经过</span>新生儿体表的细微伤口进入<span style="color: black;">身体</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>感染。分娩后,在哺乳<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>有可能使婴儿感染。/
站酷海洛</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">此后<span style="color: black;">数年</span>间,我国HIV感染者<span style="color: black;">持续</span><span style="color: black;">增加</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">在医学界,艾滋病约等于死刑,<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>治疗,<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>医院<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不愿意接收艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>;</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">在公众眼里,艾滋病和淫乱、吸毒联系在<span style="color: black;">一块</span>,被认为是肮脏的、见不得人的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</span></strong></span></span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">0</strong><strong style="color: blue;">2</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">他是国内“存活最久的艾滋病人”</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“我是不是快要死了?”“别人<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>我得艾滋了,会怎么看我?”得知确诊HIV感染,孟林感到不知所措,恐惧和孤独。人生灰暗到了极点,他曾想过<span style="color: black;">自s</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">从1995年感染艾滋病毒发病<span style="color: black;">迄今</span>,孟林昔日同吃同住的病友们<span style="color: black;">持续</span>去世,但他与艾滋病共存了28年,<span style="color: black;">作为</span>“国内已知的发病后存活时间最长的艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>之一”。</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">他说<span style="color: black;">首要</span>要感谢北京佑安医院时任感染科<span style="color: black;">专家</span>徐莲芝,“她亲切慈祥,就像母亲<span style="color: black;">同样</span><span style="color: black;">”</span>。孟林习惯叫她徐阿姨。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">35岁的孟林查出艾滋病后,为了避免传染给家人,果断离家。后来,在徐莲芝教授的<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>下,他加入了一项中药治疗的临床<span style="color: black;">实验</span>,但<span style="color: black;">药品</span>注射观察进行了三个月就没药了。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">就在1996年,艾滋病抗病毒治疗的“鸡尾酒疗法”在国外<span style="color: black;">面世</span>,一年药费大概要20万元。徐莲芝<span style="color: black;">得到</span><span style="color: black;">信息</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>时间告诉了孟林。为了买药保命,孟林拼命<span style="color: black;">挣钱</span>,经营<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,<span style="color: black;">每日</span>最多有三四个小时<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>时间。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/Lr70yVueGTKricAcLyib7qCRYtEvAce4R4ymRCfnxIgqLCgaUCLSVQaSguOyibia6JgwDZyhNlWuTWticCDibOk23IZA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◎ 《中国抗艾之路亲历者说》邀约了中国早中期投身艾滋病防治工作各界人士回顾亲历事件与难忘经历。/ <span style="color: black;">微X</span>截图</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“那真是救命药!我卖掉房子,<span style="color: black;">保持</span><span style="color: black;">吃下</span>,活了下来。而<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>一同接受了<span style="color: black;">以上</span>治疗观察的6个人,到1996年底<span style="color: black;">自s</span>了一个,第二年除了我和另一个没发病的,其他都<span style="color: black;">持续</span>死了。”孟林在《中国抗艾之路亲历者说》书中<span style="color: black;">这般</span>写到。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">当时所<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的艾滋病治疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>太大,有药吃的日子,其实<span style="color: black;">亦</span>很难熬。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2004年国家出台“四免一关怀政策”,国内艾滋病人<span style="color: black;">起始</span>能吃上免费的抗病毒<span style="color: black;">药品</span>了,但仅限<span style="color: black;">基本</span>的一线药。孟林不幸被诊断出对一线<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>耐药,只能自费购买二线药。每年药费十几万、二十万,压力巨大,他竭尽全力平常地活着。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是从2004年<span style="color: black;">起始</span>,孟林做起了NGO(非政府组织)工作,创办艾滋病病毒感染者信息支持组织“爱之方舟”。他当初做这些既是为了<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>病友,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>为了自己的“小私心”——吃上免费<span style="color: black;">药品</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2006年,孟林联合国内其他艾滋病感染者组织,创建了“中国艾滋病携带者联盟”,他<span style="color: black;">持续</span>在<span style="color: black;">各样</span><span style="color: black;">途径</span>为艾滋病人发声。孟林的经历给了<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">期盼</span>,他让艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>们心存<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>许你<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>像他<span style="color: black;">同样</span>生活下去。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">医学的进步让艾滋病<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>和死刑划上等号,</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>艾滋病被医学界看作普通的慢性病,国际上<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有四五十种<span style="color: black;">药品</span>。</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">国内外现有的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>绝大部分,孟林几乎都吃过了,每一次换药后<span style="color: black;">显现</span>副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,都是一次次惊险的渡劫。</span></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/Lr70yVueGTKricAcLyib7qCRYtEvAce4R4JI2qRQgaNBvpTy55wIY2h4ZbA44LicxBsqJdkuKmv1p6BlOV9g6DoAQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◎ 《国家免费艾滋病抗病毒<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗手册(2023年版)》<span style="color: black;">知道</span>提出了我国HIV感染者<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>在诊断后30天内尽快启动抗病毒治疗。/ 中国<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>预防<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>中心</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">到了2018年,56岁的孟林<span style="color: black;">离休</span>了,爱上了旅行,游山玩水,把美照、视频发在自己的公号上。<span style="color: black;">离休</span>以后,他与过去的病友和草根同仁大多<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>联系了,<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>淡出了公众的视野。他说,人生很长,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>很短,<span style="color: black;">已然</span>活到这个份上,应该为自己的余生找到一种有趣的活法。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这么<span style="color: black;">数年</span>,时不时<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会有谣言传出,说孟林<span style="color: black;">已然</span>死了。逼得孟林跳出来澄清说:“我还好,还活着。”如今61岁的他,对传闻<span style="color: black;">亦</span>懒得澄清了。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">0</strong><strong style="color: blue;">3</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">人类正接近“终结”艾滋病</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当艾滋病<span style="color: black;">作为</span>一种慢性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>们<span style="color: black;">能够</span>正常工作和享受健康生活,预期寿命与未感染者相差<span style="color: black;">没</span>几。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>,艾滋病有可能被治愈吗?</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">治愈<span style="color: black;">触及</span>两个概念:一个是根除感染,即HIV被完全从<span style="color: black;">身体</span>清除;第二个概念是功能性治愈,即在不进行<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,病毒不复制,不<span style="color: black;">出现</span>传播,<span style="color: black;">身体</span>残留的病毒基因片段不会对人<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">损伤</span>。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“柏林病人”的美国人蒂莫西(Timothy Ray
Brown)是世界上<span style="color: black;">第1</span>位被治愈的艾滋病人,他在1995年感染了艾滋病,2006年患上急性髓细胞性白血病,2007年停掉治疗HIV的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>,接受了骨髓移植。结果骨髓移植后,其<span style="color: black;">身体</span>的HIV病毒消失了。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/Lr70yVueGTKricAcLyib7qCRYtEvAce4R4GeyyCcJW1eG9GB7vP2icjYt51sULgILweRIvHQIicLicibvgVKicXYe7emg/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◎ 不幸的是,蒂莫西于2020年因<span style="color: black;">白血病复发而去世</span>。/ FOX2</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">数年</span>以后,这个奇迹被多次复制:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2019年,《自然》杂志上<span style="color: black;">发布</span>了一项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,一位被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“伦敦病人”的HIV感染者,在接受治疗淋巴瘤的造血干细胞移植疗法后,HIV感染从<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>缓解变成治愈。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2022年,一名66岁的艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>“<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>之城”,在接受治疗白血病的骨髓移植治疗后,艾滋病被治愈。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">今年2月,英国《自然·医学》月刊<span style="color: black;">报告</span>了一名叫“杜塞尔多夫病人”的53岁男性艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>被治愈。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">此前,4名治愈者均为男性艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">今年3月16日,权威杂志《细胞》破例在线<span style="color: black;">发布</span>了一篇<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">文案</span>,<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>一名名为“纽约病人”的女性HIV-1<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,接受脐带血CCR5Δ32/Δ32造血干细胞移植实现艾滋病治愈。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">这是<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>首例被“治愈”的女性艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。</span></strong></span></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/Lr70yVueGTKricAcLyib7qCRYtEvAce4R4S0gRkMSPoUcmG70xdX6XghEQcG04SPgHW6WlnqzwLKlyIMRun738icA/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◎ <span style="color: black;">全世界</span>首例被“治愈”的女性艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。/ CELL</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">业界<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>认为,<span style="color: black;">日前</span>5例被“治愈”的艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>均<span style="color: black;">身患</span>血液系统癌症(<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是白血病),采取了干细胞移植等治疗手段,在治愈癌症的<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,艾滋病<span style="color: black;">亦</span>得到治愈。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">干细胞移植是一个极为<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的手术,<span style="color: black;">因为</span>手术的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>太大,“治愈”经验难以广泛复制,它并<span style="color: black;">不可</span>为每一位HIV感染者<span style="color: black;">供给</span>治疗。</span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>已<span style="color: black;">报告</span>被彻底治愈(根除HIV感染)的5名<span style="color: black;">病人</span>外,还存在另一群被治愈的病人为功能性治愈<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,即<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>之为“精英<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>者”的感染者,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>未接受/停止艾滋病抗病毒<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗,但<span style="color: black;">身体</span>病毒载量<span style="color: black;">小于</span>检测限,<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>病毒<span style="color: black;">控制</span>状态。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">艾滋病治愈还有多远?中国疾控艾防中心梁华博士<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>,艾滋病治疗是一个非常<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的谜题,<span style="color: black;">没</span>论是彻底根除还是功能性治愈,治愈艾滋病毒<span style="color: black;">最少</span>还<span style="color: black;">必须</span>几年<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>更久。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>中国性病艾滋病防治协会的统计数据,</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">截止</span>2022年年底,全国报告存活艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>122.3万名;2022年新报告病例数为10.78万,传播途径以性传播为主,占97.6%。</span></strong></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/Lr70yVueGTKricAcLyib7qCRYtEvAce4R4XqshEWmKFRbH28T2uc7zHWdgcicUJ76tqBE9JS4xWNkodB24wt163MA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">◎ 据中国<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>预防<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>中心数据<span style="color: black;">表示</span>,近年来,新诊断HIV阳性大学生的人数年增长率从30%到50%不等,大学校园<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>“艾滋病”泛滥的温床。/ 网络截图</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>,<span style="color: black;">科研</span>人员正在<span style="color: black;">科研</span>将<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">每日</span><span style="color: black;">吃下</span>的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>变成长效制剂,其中长效<span style="color: black;">药品</span>、广谱中和抗体和治疗性疫苗是最有<span style="color: black;">期盼</span><span style="color: black;">得到</span>成功的三个方向。我国成功研制出<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>首个艾滋病长效<span style="color: black;">药物</span>和首个尿液自我检测试剂。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另外</span>,随着<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的深入和技术发展,<span style="color: black;">将来</span>基因治疗或许会<span style="color: black;">作为</span>第四种<span style="color: black;">选取</span>。基因治疗的目的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>找到一种<span style="color: black;">药品</span>或<span style="color: black;">经过</span>基因操作、而不是干细胞移植的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>来关闭这扇门,其普适性会远远高于干细胞移植。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">微软的创始人比尔·盖茨对<span style="color: black;">媒介</span><span style="color: black;">暗示</span>,在<span style="color: black;">将来</span>10到15年<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>更短的时间里,人们很可能会找到治愈艾滋的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。基因疗法让他对终结艾滋疫情持<span style="color: black;">阳光</span>态度。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">参考资料:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一个人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>有多少个三十年.https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/xcFDDMs1JuEGNwyc5ZMKrQ.孟林de小屋.
2020.10.19.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">中国性病艾滋病防治协会.http://www.aids.org.cn/article-detail?id=4398.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>距离艾滋病治愈还有多远?https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/NXpIOsKh2wwK8ezJF4UjmQ.中国疾控艾防中心.2022.8.24.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">艾滋病被<span style="color: black;">解决</span>了?首例女性治愈者<span style="color: black;">显现</span>,<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>已有5例成功.https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Q<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>jMwXS1qQOAinevFFWMQ.
凤凰网.2023.3.18.</span></p><span style="color: black;">RECOMMEND</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">举荐</span>阅读</span></strong></span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></span></a><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></span></a><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></span></a>
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