不同的指(趾)甲形状,反映身体不同的疾患!
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>横沟甲</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-28f09ea71308cb9c25e604464459a6eb_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在甲的表面<span style="color: black;">显现</span>一条或数条横行凹陷的沟纹,<span style="color: black;">没</span>光泽,可见于多种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.在心肌梗死病人发病前1个月<span style="color: black;">上下</span>常<span style="color: black;">显现</span>横沟甲。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>十个指甲上都有一条横沟的话,可推断在不久以前,患过一次严重的急性病,如麻疹、肺炎、猩红热等。<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">身体</span>代谢功能失调;或遭受精神打击,<span style="color: black;">导致</span>营养失调;<span style="color: black;">或</span>运用了<span style="color: black;">有些</span>对身体有<span style="color: black;">很强</span>损害的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>,诸如治疗癌症的化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>。这是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>人在患病或用药时,指甲生长受到<span style="color: black;">控制</span>,长得慢而薄,待<span style="color: black;">痊愈</span>或停药后指甲的生长又恢复了正常,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>就留下了一条横沟纹。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.若甲上有多条横沟如<span style="color: black;">浪花</span>状者,多见于肠寄生虫病或肠功能衰弱。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.若凹沟<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在拇指,多为精神不振。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.若<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在食指上,其人易患皮肤病。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6.若<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在中指上,多为肌肉<span style="color: black;">没</span>力症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7.若<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在<span style="color: black;">没</span>名指上,可能会患眼疾、支气管炎等疾患。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">8.<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在小指上,易患咽喉炎、神经痛或胆汁性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">9.<span style="color: black;">另一</span>患湿疹、银屑病、甲癣、咬甲癖等<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">也</span>可伴有此症,应予以鉴别。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">10.中医认为,横沟甲是因气虚血瘀、邪热肺燥、肝气郁结等证<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>匙状甲</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-406ac38d45d5f6f3fc4cda55d297940d_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">匙状甲又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>反甲、勺状甲。甲的表面平坦或中部向内凹陷。甲板<span style="color: black;">没</span>光泽、发软、脆弱、中间变薄,边缘肥厚翘起,形同一个茶匙状,严重者甲体前端与甲床分离<span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;">流血</span>。测试甲<span style="color: black;">可否</span>内陷,可将指甲放平,滴一滴水在其表面,水滴不流走者即为匙状甲。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.<span style="color: black;">平常</span>于多种<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>的贫血、冠心病、糖尿病、脊髓<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>、风湿病、钩虫病、营养不良症、甲状腺功能亢进或低下、梅毒、酒精中毒和慢性缺氧性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.匙状甲<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可见于<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>高原、高山工作人员,经常接触强碱肥皂、石油<span style="color: black;">制品</span>、烈性染料等物质的人。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.匙状甲<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能因从事指尖用力的工作,<span style="color: black;">因为</span>受挤压<span style="color: black;">导致</span>甲床供血不足<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.<span style="color: black;">另一</span><span style="color: black;">身患</span>银屑病、干燥<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>、硬皮病、肢端肥大症、真菌感染、掌跖角化病、扁平苔藓、雷诺病等,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可<span style="color: black;">显现</span>匙状甲,可结合周身皮损及症状变化进行鉴别。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.五个趾甲都翘起,提示可能是承受着相当大的精神压力的征兆。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6.中医认为匙状甲多因身体瘦弱、气血亏虚;<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>不调,肝气横越,克伐脾胃;或腹中痞气,痃癖伏梁等<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>葱管甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指甲<span style="color: black;">凸出</span>并向指肉中卷伸如筒状,甲根枯槁,甲面粗糙失去光泽,质地不透明,间杂青灰色,甲床暗淡<span style="color: black;">没</span>华,甲半月萎缩淡白枯涩,甲襞相对隆起,与甲体衔接处显出凹槽。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.葱管甲常是<span style="color: black;">有些</span>胸部<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>和<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>道<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的征兆。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.中医认为,葱管甲多因久病体质虚损<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。以指压甲板,甲床苍白<span style="color: black;">显著</span>者为血虚,松指后仍显苍白,<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>恢复者,兼示气弱。可<span style="color: black;">触及</span>心、肺、脾诸经病变。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.平时贪图<span style="color: black;">安适</span>不事劳作者,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可见葱管甲。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>甲<span style="color: black;">凸出</span><span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">明显</span>,两侧边缘指肉收缩,十指均如此者,应<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>瘕痞瘀血凝滞和某些肿瘤。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span>纵嵴甲</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-920896c8877593c5b614d26612859a68_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">纵嵴甲又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>嵴棱甲,表现为甲板中央<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">明显</span>的纵形嵴状<span style="color: black;">凸出</span>,甲板远端可伴有裂隙或分层,甲板不透明,甲床夹杂斑纹瘀点,不同层次交错,甲半月粗涩,甲襞边缘不规整,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有如锯齿状者,毛细血管弥散略显迟缓。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.纵嵴甲见于维生素A缺乏症、甲中线营养不良症或冻疮指(趾)末端循环<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>甲营养不良、甲状腺功能<span style="color: black;">反常</span>以及外界化学物质刺激。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.肺结核病人的<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>可见到纵嵴甲,严重者<span style="color: black;">同期</span>可<span style="color: black;">导致</span>甲面凹陷,全身症状常不<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.中医认为,纵嵴甲多由肝虚血燥、瘀血阻络而成,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可因气虚血虚、肾阴不足、肝阳上亢等<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。<span style="color: black;">平常</span>胸胁胀疼、痞塞不舒、胃肠壅滞、胸中烦满、腰脊<span style="color: black;">疲软</span>、四肢顽麻、关节肿痛、风痉拘挛、百节胀疼等症状。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">5、</span>钩状甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">钩状甲又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>鹰爪甲、鹰爪风或爪状甲。甲板<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>增厚,呈山尖状隆起,可增至蚕豆<span style="color: black;">体积</span>,甲柱面粗糙不平,向指端屈曲。甲板不透明,甲体灰褐失光泽,<span style="color: black;">肮脏</span>黑色、黑灰或黑绿色,随甲板增长,向前或向旁弯曲成钩状,形成鹰爪状,甲床有时见斑纹瘀点,甲半月浅淡、色涩枯槁,白<span style="color: black;">没</span>华,甲襞挛缩,边缘不整。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.<span style="color: black;">平常</span>于<span style="color: black;">周边</span>神经病变,如麻风、梅毒、脊髓痨等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.钩状甲还见于心管和<span style="color: black;">周边</span>血管病、肺病的末期。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.钩状甲还可因外伤、鞋靴紧小、天疱疮、银屑病等<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.中医认为,钩状甲属气郁血瘀、风痹、筋挛,<span style="color: black;">触及</span>肝、心、肺、脾诸脏。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.钩状甲或因年事已高、宿有旧疾,因循失治,使经脉<span style="color: black;">不可</span>畅达,瘀血阻滞、甲失所养而成。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6.若钩状甲并映绯红带紫色者,多为心、肝病已重,常<span style="color: black;">显现</span>喘息、浮肿。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7.若钩状甲并映苍白色者多见于肝、肺实质损害已甚时。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">8.若钩状甲映灰白如死骨者,多为肺病末期的<span style="color: black;">严重</span>征兆。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">9.若钩状甲映灰白色,仅见于大拇指者,多见于心脏病变,心气虚弱者。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">6、</span>粗厚甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板粗厚、质地粗糙、色灰枯槁、失去光泽、混浊不透明,甲柱面呈灰白色,枯槁干脆,有时见点状凹凸或嵴突,甲床枯涩见稀疏瘀斑,甲半月灰白苍枯,甲襞边缘不整,略见<span style="color: black;">缺失</span>,深层毛细血管循行迟滞,且苍白难复。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.粗厚甲见于部分胃溃疡病人和<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>器官<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.粗厚甲<span style="color: black;">亦</span>见于先天性厚甲症、先天性外胚叶缺陷、毛周角化病、掌跖角皮病、鹅掌风。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.粗厚甲若甲板枯厚,有点状凹陷,或兼有纵嵴、横沟、混浊畸形,甚则<span style="color: black;">缺失</span>者,可见于寻常型或脓疱型银屑病。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.甲癣<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可<span style="color: black;">导致</span>粗厚甲,其特征为甲缘、侧缘处发痒、日久高低不平,甲下有污黄斑点,失去光泽呈灰白、枯厚、松脆,甚则蛀空,向后蔓延。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.其他如慢性湿疹、麻风等,<span style="color: black;">也</span>可<span style="color: black;">显现</span>厚甲,应参考病史及周身皮损变化做出诊断。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6.粗厚甲多属中医的气虚血燥,皮肤风燥,血枯失于濡养之证,或风热偏胜、血燥生风之证,或因脾胃蕴热,血燥风炽,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>濡养皮部,<span style="color: black;">导致</span>爪甲枯槁,甲板粗厚。可<span style="color: black;">触及</span>心、肝、脾、肾诸经病变。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-d95914231f1be6534e5afd8255882a90_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">7、</span>萎缩甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲体萎缩形如枯叶,甲根处如初生虫翅,甲板先是变薄变小,<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>萎缩,乃至消失,甲床干枯,显露部粗涩,甲半月退缩,白<span style="color: black;">没</span>华,甲襞不整,边缘常<span style="color: black;">缺失</span>,深部毛细血管运行迟缓,显现苍白带,<span style="color: black;">很难</span>复原,但全身症状多不<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.可见于神经感觉过敏之人。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可见于营养<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>,先天性甲<span style="color: black;">生长</span>不良症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.中医认为多因先天禀赋不足,精血亏损,而致甲失润养而成。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可见于心阴虚、心血亏、血行<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>;<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有因疠风大毒<span style="color: black;">导致</span>者。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">8、</span>软薄甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲体萎缩变薄,质地柔软,多呈畸形,甲板长出指头部分<span style="color: black;">能够</span>反折而<span style="color: black;">持续</span>裂,甲床色淡白<span style="color: black;">没</span>华,有时现瘀点或带状斑,甲半月苍白失去光泽,弧影缩小,基质枯涩,甲襞苍白,皮屑剥落,毛细血管运行迟滞。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.软薄甲见于维生素B2、维生素C和微量元素锌缺乏症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.<span style="color: black;">亦</span>见于脊髓空洞症、末梢循环<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>、扁平苔藓、硬皮病、大疱性表皮松解症、营养不良等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.体弱的青年女子可见到甲薄如蛋壳者,<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“蛋壳甲”。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.中医认为软薄甲多因气弱血虚,血行<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>,精华不布<span style="color: black;">导致</span>,<span style="color: black;">触及</span>脾、肝、心诸经。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.中医中的痹症、疠风、虫积、疳积以及阴虚、血虚、气虚等证均可见软薄甲。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">9、</span>小甲或<span style="color: black;">没</span>甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板短小,<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>萎缩,乃至缺如脱落,<span style="color: black;">或</span>出生时即指、趾甲全<span style="color: black;">没</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.出生时即<span style="color: black;">没</span>甲者,见于先天性外胚叶<span style="color: black;">缺失</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.有的婴儿,指(趾)甲虽然还有,但因某种先天或后天疾患,指(趾)甲渐见枯萎,甲变小变薄,<span style="color: black;">平常</span>于大疱性表皮松解症、扁平苔藓。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.小甲或<span style="color: black;">没</span>甲<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可见于鱼鳞病、雷诺病、严重感染等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.中医认为本病多因先天禀赋不足,肾肝精血亏虚,或后天脾胃失养,可<span style="color: black;">触及</span>肝、肾、脾诸经。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十、竹笋甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲体各层次疏松分离,甲柱面灰白,质地疏脆,混浊而不透明,甲板自游离缘翘起,<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>与甲床分离,如剥竹笋状,甲床有瘀滞斑点,甲半月苍白,界限不清,甲襞边缘小整,重者如锯齿状,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>甲面灰白如雪花。深层位毛细血管弥散延迟,色泽淡涩,失去光华。竹笋甲活动时有<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感觉,甲板剥离<span style="color: black;">通常</span>不会超过全甲的一半,故不会脱落,<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>其他症状。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">竹笋甲可由外伤和甲癣等<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可见于甲剥离症,多由肝气不调,气机不畅,血虚失养;或久病元气不足,脏腑机能衰退;或风寒壅闭,血虚化燥等。多<span style="color: black;">触及</span>心、肝、脾、肾诸经。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十<span style="color: black;">1、</span>脆裂甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲体不坚,甲板菲薄,失去韧度,常易<span style="color: black;">出现</span>纵裂,指尖断面可见层状分离,或甲板自游离缘起,向甲根部发出裂隙。甲床枯涩有斑点,甲半月苍白干枯混浊、甲襞不整,边缘有剥离,深层毛细血管运行迟缓,阻滞不畅。甲板脆裂,以秋冬渐重,春夏趋于缓和。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">脆裂甲可见于甲分裂、脆甲病钙质缺乏等。中医认为脆裂甲常<span style="color: black;">因为</span>血运<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>,血虚风燥,或肝气横逆、肝虚血燥、肾水不足、热病伤阴等,使甲失所养<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。可<span style="color: black;">触及</span>心、肝、脾诸经。常伴有胸闷胁痛,苔薄脉弦,或眩晕耳鸣、舌红少津等阴虚肝郁的症状。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>在指甲两侧的甲沟中有很细的裂缝,触之<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>,可能<span style="color: black;">身患</span>蛔虫病和消化不良。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十<span style="color: black;">2、</span>脱离甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指甲前端和甲床脱离,而呈现混浊的灰黄色,甲脱离会<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>扩散到甲根部位发病时。变异的指甲和正常指甲间,会有一道<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的分界。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.脱离甲可见于全身性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>,如甲状腺功能亢进症、末梢循环<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>(脊椎空洞症,进行性硬皮症,贫血等)、慢性肾炎。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.脱离甲若仅<span style="color: black;">出现</span>于<span style="color: black;">少许</span>手指中,<span style="color: black;">大都是</span>由局部感染<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的,其中以念珠菌和其他致病菌感染者<span style="color: black;">占多数</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.多汗症,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是局部性多汗症,即手掌和脚掌的汗腺分泌<span style="color: black;">太多</span>,多见于神经质的<span style="color: black;">青春</span>女性,可<span style="color: black;">显现</span>脱离甲。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">海量</span><span style="color: black;">吃下</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>抗生素类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>、化学合成<span style="color: black;">药品</span>,或紫外线照射而<span style="color: black;">引起</span>指甲变色而脱落。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.<span style="color: black;">另一</span>脱离甲还见于<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>反复接触碱性物质、甲醛、砂糖液、汽油、去漆剂等化学液体的职业人员。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十<span style="color: black;">3、</span>暴脱甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">爪甲<span style="color: black;">自动</span>脱落,甲体萎缩,甲床光秃干燥,甲根苍白枯涩,甲襞残缺,甲板剥落后,甲沟显露凹陷,残损不整,深层毛细血管运行<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>,瘀滞枯涩。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.暴脱甲中医认为<span style="color: black;">因为</span>肾经火虚,肾阴津涸,水不涵木,肝气横越,肝肾俱虚。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.瘭疽、蛇疔、脱疽、疠风等<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可<span style="color: black;">引起</span>爪甲暴脱。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十<span style="color: black;">4、</span>凹点甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">凹点甲又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>顶针状甲,或罗森诺症。甲板上有针尖<span style="color: black;">体积</span>的点状凹陷,数目多少不定,互不融合。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.凹点甲经常<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在风湿热病人的指甲上。但<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可见于<span style="color: black;">少许</span>正<span style="color: black;">一般人</span>,但其凹点为数不多。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.凹点甲<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可见于圆形脱毛症,其凹点<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">摆列</span>较规则,其中尤以横向<span style="color: black;">摆列</span>较多见。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.凹点甲还可见于多种皮肤病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,如银屑病、扁平苔藓、手癣、甲癣、放射性皮炎等,可结合周身皮损变化做出诊断。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十<span style="color: black;">5、</span>鱼鳞甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板粗糙失去光泽,质地干涩似枯鱼之鳞,甲柱面不平滑,散在纵横凹点,甲体各层次斑驳不透明,甲床深层晦暗,有瘀斑,甲半月萎缩,深层枯涩,甲襞边缘不整,周缘皮部可有不规则脱屑散落,毛细血管运行不畅,时见阻滞。鱼鳞甲常因肾气虚损或脾胃不振,气化不行,精华不布,水液滞留,脾失运化<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。可<span style="color: black;">触及</span>心、脾、肾诸经。多见于水肿证和寒湿证。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十<span style="color: black;">6、</span>宽短甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板宽阔而短。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.宽短甲可见于心脏较弱,或<span style="color: black;">感觉</span>麻痹症,且易患腹部到腰部以及下半身<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>指甲尖端平整而嵌到肉中,其人易患神经痛、风湿病。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.宽短甲见于<span style="color: black;">女性</span>,则易患子宫卵巢病变。如缺乏光泽,易患<span style="color: black;">不育</span>症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十<span style="color: black;">7、</span>短方甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指甲生得短而呈方形。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">短方甲多见于性情<span style="color: black;">急切</span>而<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的心脏<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>,尤其是伴有甲半月很小,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>完全<span style="color: black;">无</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十<span style="color: black;">8、</span>三角甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指甲尖部宽大,而根部面积反小,呈现一类似三角形状的甲。三角甲多见于脑脊髓及麻痹性疾病。若<span style="color: black;">同期</span>甲色呈惨白或暗黄色时,<span style="color: black;">暗示</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>正在<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>或<span style="color: black;">发展</span>中。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十<span style="color: black;">9、</span>长形甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板呈长形,即甲宽正常,但长度超出正常。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.长形甲<span style="color: black;">平常</span>于身体欠佳、<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>系统功能较差的人。少部分人尚有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>适应能力。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.若长形甲伴有甲色暗淡,甲板表面纵纹<span style="color: black;">显著</span>者,<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>系统<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>即有加重的可能性。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二十、窄长甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板长而狭小,只占指端的较少部分,甲色呈淡白或暗色。窄长甲多见于骨骼有病之人,尤以脊髓病变为多见,<span style="color: black;">另一</span>可见于抑郁症、歇斯底里症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二十<span style="color: black;">1、</span>平板甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板平坦,毫<span style="color: black;">没</span>弯曲,如<span style="color: black;">一起</span>平板样贴在指端上。可见于<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>抵抗力低下、体弱多病者。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二十<span style="color: black;">2、</span>橄榄甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板前后极小,中间宽大,状如橄榄形。橄榄甲可见于心血管系统不健全,或脊髓<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二十<span style="color: black;">3、</span>贝壳甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板前极较阔,而后极相对较窄,如同贝壳。贝壳甲多见于患神经质的病人或体力不足者。此甲象<span style="color: black;">亦</span>易患中风病、脊髓<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二十<span style="color: black;">4、</span>薄纹甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板上有线纹,且甲板中部非常薄弱。可见于钩虫病,或缺钙、贫血等<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的甲营养缺乏。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二十<span style="color: black;">5、</span>纵沟甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板表面有深而直的纵行沟槽。纵沟甲常因甲基质受损<span style="color: black;">导致</span>,可见于营养不良,或操劳过度。<span style="color: black;">也</span>可见于神经衰弱或<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>系统功能衰弱的人,还有可能见于扁平苔藓等<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二十<span style="color: black;">6、</span>纵纹甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板表面呈现很浅的纵行沟纹(与纵沟甲不同),且容易断裂。纵纹甲可见于心力衰弱,又因皮肤机能减弱而易患皮肤病。拇指甲板上纵纹较其他指多者,提示<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>有偏嗜,易诱发<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二十<span style="color: black;">7、</span>瘪螺甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲体瘪缩如螺厣,甲板干涩<span style="color: black;">没</span>光泽,甲床萎缩苍白,以指按甲体,毛细血管苍白,血流充盈缓慢,甲半月白如铅粉,深层位基质干涩<span style="color: black;">没</span>光泽,甲襞皱缩灰枯。瘪螺甲见于胃肠功能<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>,上吐下泻,或暴病脱水,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>四肢厥冷,脉微欲绝,为重笃证候,<span style="color: black;">触及</span>心、脾、肾、肝诸经。瘪螺甲民间又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>瘪螺痧。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二十<span style="color: black;">8、</span>扭曲甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲板凹凸不平,甲柱面纵线与横弧呈多向不规则反曲线,有的为折线,<span style="color: black;">全部</span>指甲畸形扭曲,甲面色泽失荣,甲床有斑暗点,甲半月灰白不鲜明。基质粗糙斑驳,甲襞皱纹边缘不规整,深层位毛细血管瘀滞。扭曲甲可见于肝气郁滞,瘀血积聚日久,或肝气虚,血不荣筋,或脏腑虚衰,气血耗损,以及<span style="color: black;">各样</span>杂症。扭曲甲,可<span style="color: black;">触及</span>肝、脾诸经。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二十<span style="color: black;">9、</span>胬肉甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲体浊滞不透明,胬肉盘根,层次交错,甲板<span style="color: black;">缺失</span>,甲床潮红,甲襞臃肿增厚,皱襞侵入甲床,胬肉遮蔽甲半月,甲襞<span style="color: black;">凸出</span>,有时甲襞为伪膜所取代,深层毛细血管运行较速,随着胬肉增生,毛细血管<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有所扩展。胬肉甲为血不循经,赘生胬肉<span style="color: black;">导致</span>,可见四肢臃肿,周身肿胀,积聚癥瘕,渐至气血失荣,神情衰惫,常<span style="color: black;">触及</span>心、脾诸经。</p>
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