科普:癌症治疗平常的几种办法
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">说到“癌症”,<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>反应都是切掉。这种手术治疗肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">方法</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>深入人心,但<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上在肿瘤治疗中,还有放疗,化疗,中医疗法,细胞治疗等多种<span style="color: black;">办法</span>被应用到肿瘤医治<span style="color: black;">其中</span>,关于这些<span style="color: black;">办法</span>你<span style="color: black;">认识</span>多少呢?</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 手术</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">手术在癌症治疗<span style="color: black;">行业</span>以应用时间最长,首诊<span style="color: black;">病人</span>最多,<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>群体最大的特性而存在。它的治疗方式类似于我军军种中的陆军,<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是和敌人面对面作战,但<span style="color: black;">因为</span>人眼的可视范围有限,<span style="color: black;">身体</span>脏器环境<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>,外加手术切除过程中可能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>癌细胞脱离,使其掉落到其他组织上,产生种植性转移,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,在不<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>其它<span style="color: black;">状况</span>的前提下,<span style="color: black;">需求</span>肿瘤体积越小越好。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,和我军军改将六个陆军军区改为一个陆军军种<span style="color: black;">类似</span>,手术在癌症治疗<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的影响力<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在逐步下滑。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-5a7a41a3279932241227fc6d406a51fc_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">适用范围:并不是所有的癌症病人都适合手术,<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,除血液系统的恶性肿瘤(如白血病、恶性淋巴瘤)外,大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>实体瘤<span style="color: black;">能够</span>采用手术治疗。尤其是早、中期癌症,<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>局部和远处转移,瘤体<span style="color: black;">通常</span>较小,都适宜手术治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">危害</span>:手术治疗有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>,如肺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>肺叶切除后可能影响<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>功能,骨肉瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>截肢后影响行动能力等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2 放疗</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">放疗在癌症治疗<span style="color: black;">行业</span>以设备成本最高,技术进步最快,发展势头最猛的特性而存在。它的治疗方式类似于我军军种中的火箭军,<span style="color: black;">按照</span>敌人的规模和活动范围来<span style="color: black;">选取</span>导弹的数量和类型,<span style="color: black;">从而</span>进行远程高精度打击,决胜千里之外。放疗的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">优良</span>在于不仅<span style="color: black;">能够</span>针对单一病灶,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可对多个病灶<span style="color: black;">同期</span>进行打击,尤其<span style="color: black;">针对</span>肿瘤位置<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>,血管包严重,手术<span style="color: black;">没</span>从下手的病灶,更能凸显出其技术<span style="color: black;">优良</span>。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,<span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>耐受好,副反应小,治疗效果<span style="color: black;">明显</span>等<span style="color: black;">优良</span>,放疗被越来越多的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>所<span style="color: black;">喜爱</span>。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">适用范围:放疗<span style="color: black;">重点</span>针对相对比较局限的实体肿瘤的根治治疗,例如鼻咽癌、头颈部肿瘤等对化疗不<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>,单用放疗就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>根治。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>其他肿瘤,放疗多<span style="color: black;">做为</span>综合手段之一。<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是<span style="color: black;">针对</span>中晚期肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,术前<span style="color: black;">能够</span>使得肿瘤缩小范围,达到减期效果,为手术创造<span style="color: black;">前提</span>;术中进行姑息治疗;术后<span style="color: black;">针对</span>切得不彻底的部位放疗,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>防止复发。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>白血病等全身性肿瘤放疗<span style="color: black;">功效</span>有限。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">毒副反应:放疗的毒副反应以局部反应为主,与放疗射野<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。例如头颈部放疗会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>口干、咽喉肿痛、颈部纤维化、味觉功能<span style="color: black;">衰退</span>等;胸部放疗可能会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>放射性肺改变、放射性食管炎等。随着放疗技术进步,以前经常<span style="color: black;">显现</span>的放射性脑<span style="color: black;">损害</span>、截瘫等则较少<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 化疗</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗在癌症治疗<span style="color: black;">行业</span>以应用范围最广,参与治疗最多,肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>最怕的特性而存在。它的治疗方式类似于我军军种中的生化部队,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>化学<span style="color: black;">药品</span>对全身肿瘤进行攻击,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,<span style="color: black;">身体</span>正常细胞<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会受到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的影响。化疗所针对的肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>多为癌症晚期,全身多处转移,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>身体<span style="color: black;">必须</span>具备<span style="color: black;">必定</span>耐受力,属于全身治疗的一种。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">适用范围:化疗是针对对化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>比较<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>的肿瘤例如淋巴瘤、白血病等血液系统<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>,乳腺癌、胃肠肿瘤、肺癌及生殖系统肿瘤等。化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>进入<span style="color: black;">身体</span>后会分布到全身各处,<span style="color: black;">不但</span>对实体肿瘤有<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,对微小不可见转移灶<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">一样</span>有很强的杀灭<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。化疗的效果取决于肿瘤的类型和病况,有的可治愈,<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的是<span style="color: black;">控制</span>肿瘤生长和扩散。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">毒副反应:化疗的毒副反应以全身反应为主,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>、胃肠道反应多见,如血象降低、恶心、呕吐及静脉炎等。只要处理得当,严重的肝肾功能<span style="color: black;">损害</span>,心功能<span style="color: black;">损害</span>等剧烈反应临床上并不<span style="color: black;">非常</span><span style="color: black;">平常</span>。随着技术<span style="color: black;">持续</span>的发展,新化疗药的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>已大大减少,安全性<span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">综合来讲,<span style="color: black;">日前</span>肿瘤治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>有三种常规的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,手术、放疗和化疗,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>传统肿瘤治疗的三板斧。还有一种新兴的免疫治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>肿瘤的第四种治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。不管是手术、放疗<span style="color: black;">亦</span>还是化疗,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">一般</span>可认为它是治标的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>治标要对症,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>对症的话,这三种<span style="color: black;">办法</span>都能起到药到病除的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>肿瘤<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>比较晚,<span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>淋巴结、<span style="color: black;">周边</span>的浸润或是远处转移的迹象,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>常规3种<span style="color: black;">办法</span>进行治疗治疗,依旧<span style="color: black;">没</span>法<span style="color: black;">特别有</span>效的<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>它复发转移的可能,有的时间可能短大约三个月、半年,而有的则时间相对长,大约几年就会复发。4</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 免疫治疗</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">免疫治疗的原理与传统治疗有很大的不同,它相当于<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>来把人体的免疫力给它<span style="color: black;">提高</span>上来,依靠人体的免疫力把肿瘤<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>住或是消灭。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>它<span style="color: black;">能够</span>理解为一种治本的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-7f2ad25d72afe012f68e2305951075d5_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">免疫治疗<span style="color: black;">关联</span>受体模拟图</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">假如这个人的免疫力<span style="color: black;">始终</span>是<span style="color: black;">处在</span>一种非常强的监控状态,即便是人体<span style="color: black;">其中</span>有残留的癌细胞,它<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不会再形成复发<span style="color: black;">或</span>是转移。<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>的话这个人体可能就会形成一个<span style="color: black;">没</span>瘤的状态,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有可能他身体里面有几个癌细胞,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>这几个癌细胞就<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>会形成一个可见的肿瘤。除了手术、放疗和化疗、还有免疫治疗以外,<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">病友</span>还会积极寻找<span style="color: black;">有些</span>中医的治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>。中医治疗对人体的<span style="color: black;">恢复</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是非常<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的,不管是手术、放疗和化疗对人体都是有损害的,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是对人体的免疫系统、造血系统<span style="color: black;">损伤</span>比<span style="color: black;">很强</span>。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>中医的<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>,它能够<span style="color: black;">经过</span>补气、补血的<span style="color: black;">护理</span>方式,让人体的免疫力<span style="color: black;">快速</span>地恢复起来,这<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是对抗肿瘤的一种好的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
期待更新、坐等、迫不及待等。 你的见解独到,让我受益匪浅,非常感谢。 你的努力一定会被看见,相信自己,加油。 感谢你的精彩评论,带给我新的思考角度。 回顾历史,我们感慨万千;放眼未来,我们信心百倍。 “NB”(牛×的缩写,表示叹为观止)
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