再取发展!复旦大学最新发帖:揭示治疗癌症新策略
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240426/a264347e389045fa876af204e8666d2c.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">作者:Sophia</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">导读:</strong>自enfortumab vedotin<span style="color: black;">获准</span>用于治疗尿路上皮癌<span style="color: black;">败兴</span>,Nectin-4抗体-<span style="color: black;">药品</span>偶联物(ADC)的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>和<span style="color: black;">研发</span>大大加快。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2024年4月25日,复旦大学章旭耀、叶定伟、鞠佃文<span style="color: black;">一起</span>通讯在期刊《Cell Death & Disease》上<span style="color: black;">发布</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>论文“A potential strategy for bladder cancer treatment: inhibiting autophagy to enhance antitumor effects of Nectin-4-MMAE”,在这项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>利用 Nectin-4-MMAE (DAR4),一种 I/II 期<span style="color: black;">实验</span>中的 Nectin-4 ADC 来阐明这些问题。Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) 是一种<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>高细胞毒性的微管<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂,广泛用于 ADC 的有效载荷。在体外和<span style="color: black;">身体</span>环境中,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果<span style="color: black;">显示</span>,<strong style="color: blue;">Nectin-4-MMAE对人类膀胱癌细胞表现出<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的细胞毒性。</strong>更<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的是,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>自噬<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>Nectin-4-MMAE触发的。值得<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是,自噬<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂与Nectin-4-MMAE联合<span style="color: black;">运用</span>可进一步<span style="color: black;">加强</span>Nectin-4-MMAE的抗肿瘤功效。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果<span style="color: black;">显示</span>,<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">控制</span>自噬<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了Nectin-4-MMAE的抗肿瘤<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,强调了利用Nectin-4-MMAE和自噬<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂的联合治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>更有效的膀胱癌治疗的<span style="color: black;">潜能</span>。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q0.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240426/e00852324eb74f60938e290a43f8caf4.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41419-024-06665-y</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>背景</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">01</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">抗体-<span style="color: black;">药品</span>偶联物(ADC)近年来取得了重大<span style="color: black;">发展</span>,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是在治疗Her-2阳性实体瘤方面。<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一种在多种癌症类型中<span style="color: black;">反常</span>表达的I型跨膜蛋白,nectin-4(<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为PVRL4)已<span style="color: black;">作为</span>ADC<span style="color: black;">开发</span>的非常有前途的靶点。Enfortumab vedotin (EV) 是<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个<span style="color: black;">得到</span> FDA <span style="color: black;">准许</span>的用于转移性尿路上皮癌的 nectin-4 ADC。然而,在 EV-301 中,一项<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>、开放标签的 EV III 期<span style="color: black;">实验</span>,~30% 的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>未能从 EV 中获益。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,对ADC的初级和次级耐药性似乎是不可避免的。据<span style="color: black;">报告</span>,在<span style="color: black;">各样</span>ADC中,抗原下调和<span style="color: black;">药品</span>转运受损。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<strong style="color: blue;">挖掘潜在的机制并最大限度地发挥ADC的<span style="color: black;">潜能</span>以造福<span style="color: black;">更加多</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>仍然是一个亟待<span style="color: black;">处理</span>的问题。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">自噬,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是大自噬(macroautophagy),是一种保守的细胞过程,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>形成双膜自噬体参与受损细胞器或蛋白质的降解。这些自噬体随后与溶酶体融合形成自噬溶酶体,促进其内容物的降解。细胞<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>自噬在营养有限或压力的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下忍受和存活。多项<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>,自噬可能在初始<span style="color: black;">周期</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>癌细胞对<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的压力反应的<span style="color: black;">守护</span>机制。相反,过度的自噬会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>自噬细胞死亡,使自噬<span style="color: black;">作为</span>一把双刃剑。在关于ADC治疗和自噬的有限<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中,自噬在ADC治疗中的可变<span style="color: black;">功效</span>尚不清楚。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<strong style="color: blue;">Nectin-4 ADC<span style="color: black;">可否</span>诱导自噬以及自噬在Nectin-4 ADC治疗中的<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>Nectin-4 ADC的治疗效果<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">02</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在这项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>过程中,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>自噬在Nectin-4-MMAE治疗过程中是一种细胞<span style="color: black;">守护</span>机制,并提出了一种<span style="color: black;">加强</span>Nectin-4-MMAE在膀胱癌中的抗肿瘤<span style="color: black;">功效</span>的策略。<strong style="color: blue;">Nectin-4-MMAE在30分钟内<span style="color: black;">快速</span>内化到膀胱癌细胞中并释放MMAE,诱导半胱天冬酶介导的细胞凋亡<span style="color: black;">出现</span>并<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肿瘤细胞生长的<span style="color: black;">控制</span>。</strong>转录组学<span style="color: black;">表示</span>,用Nectin-4-MMAE处理的膀胱癌细胞中的自噬<span style="color: black;">关联</span>基因<span style="color: black;">出现</span>了<span style="color: black;">明显</span>改变,这<span style="color: black;">显示</span>自噬被Nectin-4-MMAE激活。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>对自噬体<span style="color: black;">累积</span>的超微结构分析、自噬通量的免疫荧光以及免疫印迹自噬标记蛋白 SQSTM1 和 LC3 I/II 来表征自噬活化。<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的是,<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>LY294002和氯喹<span style="color: black;">控制</span>自噬<span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>了 Nectin-4-MMAE 在膀胱癌细胞中的细胞毒性<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</strong><span style="color: black;">另外</span>,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>检测到 AKT/mTOR 信号级联参与 Nectin-4-MMAE 诱导自噬。Nectin-4-MMAE和自噬<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂的组合在HT1376异种移植肿瘤模型中<span style="color: black;">表示</span>出<span style="color: black;">加强</span>的抗肿瘤<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。在接受单剂量Nectin-4-MMAE后,与仅接受一种治疗的组相比,接受联合治疗的组<span style="color: black;">表示</span>出肿瘤<span style="color: black;">体积</span><span style="color: black;">明显</span>减小。值得<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是,联合治疗组中的一只小鼠实现了肿瘤的完全缓解。H&E染色和免疫组化(裂解半胱天冬酶-3,ki67)<span style="color: black;">显示</span>,联合组的细胞凋亡和坏死<span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>。这些<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>证明了<strong style="color: blue;">自噬在Nectin-4-MMAE治疗过程中的细胞<span style="color: black;">守护</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>,并强调了Nectin-4-MMAE与自噬<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂联合治疗膀胱癌的<span style="color: black;">潜能</span>。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">科研</span>结论</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">03</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">综上所述,Nectin-4-MMAE<span style="color: black;">经过</span>膀胱天冬酶依赖性细胞凋亡在膀胱癌细胞中<span style="color: black;">表示</span>出抗肿瘤<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。<span style="color: black;">这里</span>过程中,在 HT1376 和 SW780 细胞中均观察到 Nectin-4-MMAE 诱导自噬。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>进一步强调了自噬在Nectin-4-MMAE处理过程中的细胞<span style="color: black;">守护</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>(图7)。<span style="color: black;">控制</span>自噬<span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>了Nectin-4-MMAE诱导的细胞凋亡和细胞毒性,并<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了Nectin-4-MMAE在<span style="color: black;">身体</span>的抗肿瘤功效。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,所提出的将 Nectin-4-MMAE 与自噬<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂相结合的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>为膀胱癌治疗<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了一条有<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>的途径,并以强大的实验验证和理论原理为<span style="color: black;">基本</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240426/cceb5a085b12422f96d52e2126c82a22.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">自噬<span style="color: black;">控制</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>Nectin-4-MMAE的抗肿瘤<span style="color: black;">功效</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">参考资料:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41419-024-06665-y</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">注:本文旨在介绍医学<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span>,<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>参考。如需<span style="color: black;">得到</span>健康<span style="color: black;">指点</span>,请至正规医院就诊。</p>
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