什么是化疗 化疗的过程是怎么样的?
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pica.zhimg.com/80/v2-94db1c5f0f79b561926fc00bc171fe0f_720w.webp?source=1def8aca" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>人听到化疗,<span style="color: black;">第1</span>反应基本上都是:副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>大、痛苦难受!事实上并<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">大众</span>想象的<span style="color: black;">那样</span>可怕。 化疗<span style="color: black;">日前</span>仍然是对抗癌症最<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的<span style="color: black;">方法</span>之一,且经<span style="color: black;">太多</span>年的演进,除了<span style="color: black;">药品</span>疗效的<span style="color: black;">提高</span>,化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>在<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>降低,例如有<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>方式能缓解副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,如<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">止吐药</a></span>、抗生素等等。 <span style="color: black;">病人</span>在治疗前最<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>与<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">仔细</span>沟通,<span style="color: black;">认识</span>在治疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span>可能<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的<span style="color: black;">各样</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>、事先拟定对策,降低因不<span style="color: black;">认识</span>化疗所产生的恐惧感。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>对抗癌细胞?</p>正常的细胞从生长到死亡都是有其规律的周期,而“癌细胞”<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>细胞<span style="color: black;">显现</span>不正常的分裂增生,<span style="color: black;">导致</span>身体的耗损及<span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>。
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗常用于<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">进行化学治疗的目的<span style="color: black;">包含</span>:治愈癌症、<span style="color: black;">控制</span>癌细胞成长、杀死癌细胞、缓解癌症的不适症状。并不是癌症晚期才<span style="color: black;">必须</span>进行化疗,在许多癌症<span style="color: black;">初期</span>治疗中化疗<span style="color: black;">亦</span>很<span style="color: black;">平常</span>,治疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>搭配其他治疗方式。 不同的癌症种类、肿瘤<span style="color: black;">体积</span>、扩散程度,所采取的治疗方式<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不同,<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>有以下几种:</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://picx.zhimg.com/80/v2-0033401e57435b11d74dcc022556abdd_720w.webp?source=1def8aca" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">年纪大适不适合做化疗?该<span style="color: black;">思虑</span><span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">过去有许多观念认为,高龄80-90岁以上的长者不适合采取积极的癌症治疗,其认为老人肿瘤生长的速度很慢,即使死亡<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">是由于</span>其他<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">不该</span>该让<span style="color: black;">她们</span>接受痛苦的癌症治疗。 这种说法并非完全<span style="color: black;">无</span>道理,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>乳腺癌及前列腺癌在老年人身上的<span style="color: black;">发展</span>确实较为缓慢,<span style="color: black;">不外</span>年龄并不是决定要不要治疗的绝对<span style="color: black;">原因</span>,年纪大治疗成功的案例<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>,但<span style="color: black;">到底</span>该<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>衡量? 以<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>的医疗水平<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>专家更注重的是:医疗介入<span style="color: black;">可否</span>能改善因<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>而恶化的生活品质,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>,则<span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">谨慎</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>。子女<span style="color: black;">陪同</span><span style="color: black;">看病</span>的过程中,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>遇到<span style="color: black;">必须</span>决定医疗决<span style="color: black;">按时</span>,<span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>以下几点:</p>尊重长辈或病患的想法;考量治疗后的生活品质;预测治疗<span style="color: black;">危害</span>(<span style="color: black;">包含</span>癌症属性、治疗<span style="color: black;">目的</span>、承担<span style="color: black;">危害</span>、预后<span style="color: black;">状况</span>)。<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗时间<span style="color: black;">必须</span>多久?<span style="color: black;">必须</span>在哪里进行?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗的频率与治疗时长,会<span style="color: black;">按照</span>癌症的类型与病情、<span style="color: black;">药品</span>类型及病人对<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的反应而有所不同,有些病人<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">每日</span>或每周做一次化疗,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能每月一次,这些都<span style="color: black;">必须</span>医师做综合性的<span style="color: black;">评定</span>,并<span style="color: black;">无</span>绝对的答案。 化疗的地点可能在住院病房、医院化疗室、家里,<span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>病人<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>与剂量、个人意愿及<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的<span style="color: black;">意见</span></a></span>而定。 给药方式<span style="color: black;">包含</span>静脉注射、口服、肌肉或皮下注射等,会视癌症及<span style="color: black;">药品</span>类型而有所区别。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的十大副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,该<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>克服?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">接受化疗前的病人经常担心副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>的问题,其实并不是<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>人都会<span style="color: black;">出现</span>副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,有些人的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>可能较轻,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>。副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>的严重程度跟<span style="color: black;">药品</span>种类、剂量及个人体质<span style="color: black;">相关</span>,可先与<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>咨询沟通。副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>大多会在治疗结束后慢慢消失,正常组织<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会借由新陈代谢恢复。 每种副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>都有其相对应或有助缓解的处理方式,病人或家属<span style="color: black;">能够</span>学习<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>克服,将影响减到最低。</p>(一) 脱发
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">掉发<span style="color: black;">一般</span>会在治疗的2-3星期或是两个疗程后<span style="color: black;">出现</span>,毛发可能会渐渐脱落或一撮一撮地掉落,若<span style="color: black;">出现</span>严重掉发时,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>先将头发剃光,避免因<span style="color: black;">海量</span>脱发而产生的恐慌感。毛发脱落并不限于头部,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在身体任何有毛发的部位。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">应对<span style="color: black;">办法</span>:</p>掉发<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>宽齿的梳子梳理,吹发时避免温度过高。提前调节心情,让光头的状态能够更自在。事先准备假发、头巾、帽子。头发再生或没头发时,可能会感到头皮干痒,可<span style="color: black;">运用</span>偏润肤的洗发乳,或<span style="color: black;">运用</span>乳液按摩保养。避免刺激头皮,治疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span>不要染、烫发或<span style="color: black;">运用</span>定型用品。<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(二) <span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">口腔及喉咙溃疡</a></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>可能会破坏口腔及喉咙粘膜的细胞,<span style="color: black;">导致</span>破皮或溃疡。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>,其他问题还<span style="color: black;">包含</span>:降低食欲、吞咽困难、容易感染、味觉或嗅觉改变。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">应对<span style="color: black;">办法</span>:</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pica.zhimg.com/80/v2-ee80321beed4a118f2f672b99d70ba2b_720w.webp?source=1def8aca" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 若<span style="color: black;">显现</span>味觉或嗅觉改变时,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>试着吃<span style="color: black;">有些</span>过去不常吃的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>或饮料,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>经常刷牙、漱口,保持口腔清洁,以改善对<span style="color: black;">食品</span>的味觉。烹调<span style="color: black;">食品</span>时<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>调味料(柠檬、<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">洋葱</a></span>、大蒜、<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">迷迭香</a></span>、番茄酱等),或是在<span style="color: black;">食品</span>里加一点糖<span style="color: black;">增多</span>香甜味。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(三) 恶心、呕吐</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这两种副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>在化疗中<span style="color: black;">非常</span><span style="color: black;">平常</span>,<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的频率及严重程度会<span style="color: black;">按照</span>不同<span style="color: black;">药品</span>而定,不<span style="color: black;">太多</span>数恶心、呕吐的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>是<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">应对<span style="color: black;">办法</span>:</p>少量多餐、<span style="color: black;">细细咀嚼</span>,避免一次吃太多<span style="color: black;">食品</span>。喝水选在餐前或餐后一小时,不要在用餐时喝水。<span style="color: black;">食品</span>以清淡为主,避免甜食或较油腻的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>恶心感常常<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在早上,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在起床前吃<span style="color: black;">有些</span>干粮,如麦片、<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">吐司</a></span>、饼干等。餐后以坐姿<span style="color: black;">休憩</span>一会<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>消化,<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>不要马上平躺。<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(四) 腹泻</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">胃肠道发炎</a></span>、<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>腹泻,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">水泻</a></span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">连续</span>24小时,或是合并<span style="color: black;">出现</span>、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>等症状,就应该立即与<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>联系。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">应对<span style="color: black;">办法</span>:</p>多喝水<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>水分,维持电解质平衡。腹泻严重时,避免油炸、辛辣及<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">高纤维<span style="color: black;">食品</span></a></span>,并改以流质<span style="color: black;">食品</span>代替。低纤维<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>,如<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">白面包</a></span>、白饭、面条、鸡肉、鱼类、酸奶、蛋类等。腹泻会<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">钾离子</a></span>流失,除非有肾脏<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>,<span style="color: black;">否则</span>可多<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>高钾<span style="color: black;">食品</span>,如香蕉、橘子、马铃薯等。<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(五) 便秘</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗过程中<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>都可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>便秘,例如<span style="color: black;">运用</span>止吐剂和止痛药、食量减少、活动量减少、<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>形态改变、<span style="color: black;">心情</span>压力等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">应对方式:</p>多喝水<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>软化大便。摄取高纤维<span style="color: black;">食品</span>,如蔬菜、<span style="color: black;">果蔬</span>、全麦面包、豆类等。在体力<span style="color: black;">准许</span>下<span style="color: black;">增多</span>活动量,促进肠胃蠕动。养成正常排便习惯,缓解心理压力。不可<span style="color: black;">自动</span><span style="color: black;">吃下</span>泻药、软便剂或灌肠,尤其是白细胞或血小板数量太少时。<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(六) 骨髓造血功能</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗过程中最常<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>骨髓造血功能的破坏,化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>是<span style="color: black;">控制</span>骨髓的造血功能,其中大部分是<span style="color: black;">导致</span>白细胞及血小板功能的破坏与数量的降低。(白细胞<span style="color: black;">重点</span>功能为抵抗外来病菌;血小板功能为凝固血液,<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>伤口止血。)</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">应对方式:</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-f1550b3e56dba84f3c05a991b90c7417_720w.webp?source=1def8aca" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(七) 神经及肌肉系统</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>可能<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">周边</span>神经的<span style="color: black;">损伤</span>而<span style="color: black;">显现</span>手脚刺痛、灼热感、<span style="color: black;">没</span>力或麻木感。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>某些<span style="color: black;">药品</span>还能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>神经系统的病变,例如感觉迟钝,<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">平衡感失调</a></span>、行动迟缓、听力丧失、记忆力退化等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">由于</span>神经系统的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>恢复时间<span style="color: black;">通常</span>比较慢,<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>更应该<span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">自己</span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,家属<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span>多加<span style="color: black;">帮助</span>,避免危险<span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">应对方式:</p>感觉迟钝时,不要拿太尖锐、太烫、太重或任何危险物品。平衡感或肌肉力量失衡时,走路或上下楼梯最好由家人搀扶。浴室地板铺上<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">防滑垫</a></span>,以防滑倒。避免穿易滑的鞋子或高跟鞋。可用<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">婴儿油</a></span>按摩末梢肢体,并经常延展肢体末梢。<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(八) 皮肤及指甲</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">皮肤的影响<span style="color: black;">包含</span>皮肤变红、干痒、脱皮、易长青春痘;指甲可能变得脆弱、易断或<span style="color: black;">显现</span>带状纹路。治疗过程中若<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">红斑</a></span>或<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">荨麻疹</a></span>、突发瘙痒,可能是<span style="color: black;">药品</span>过敏<span style="color: black;">导致</span>,须立即<span style="color: black;">通知</span><span style="color: black;">大夫</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">皮肤的影响和神经系统<span style="color: black;">同样</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>较长的恢复期,如肤色变深、变黑,<span style="color: black;">一般</span>疗程结束后的几个月内就会慢慢消退,对身体不会有影响。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">应对方式:</p><span style="color: black;">显现</span>青春痘时,保持脸部清洁。皮肤潮湿会痒时,可涂<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">爽身粉</a></span>;皮肤干痒时,可涂抹<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">身体乳</a></span>保持滋润。避免<span style="color: black;">长期</span>曝晒、适当防晒<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,如遮阳帽、擦防晒乳。做家务时,戴手套<span style="color: black;">守护</span>好皮肤和指甲。<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(九) 影响生殖器官功能</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span>不论男女都可能影响生殖器官的功能,男性方面可能会降低精子数量及活力,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>有<span style="color: black;">不育</span>的可能性,需与<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>讨论<span style="color: black;">药品</span>种类对<span style="color: black;">不育</span>的影响。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span>应采取有效的避孕<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,避免受损精子与<span style="color: black;">卵细胞</span>结合而有胎儿先天畸形的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">女性方面,因化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>可能影响卵巢及荷尔蒙的分泌,而使<span style="color: black;">大姨妈</span>周期变得不规律,<span style="color: black;">不外</span>此时仍有可能会怀孕,<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span>正确地采取避孕<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,避免受<span style="color: black;">药品</span>影响而<span style="color: black;">引起</span>胎儿<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">先天性缺陷</a></span>的可能。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(十) 其它器官的影响</p>心脏肾脏感冒症状体液滞留<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有些化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>可能会损害心脏肌肉,使<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">心率</span>不齐</a></span>、极度疲倦等症状,治疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>应关注<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的心脏功能,如有<span style="color: black;">显现</span>胸痛、<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>急促的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,应尽快<span style="color: black;">通告</span>医务人员。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肾在治疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span>需代谢化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能对膀胱及肾带来损害。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>排尿灼热、血尿、发烧或发冷,就应该立即<span style="color: black;">看病</span>。治疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span>多喝水有助于预防膀胱及肾脏<span style="color: black;">损害</span>,如有恶心、呕吐的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>则不需勉强<span style="color: black;">海量</span>喝水。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">另外</span>,接受化疗后的数小时或数天内<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能<span style="color: black;">显现</span>类似感冒的不适感,如肌肉酸痛、头痛、<span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">缺乏食欲</a></span>、疲倦等,必要时<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>会开止痛药来缓解症状。<span style="color: black;">平常</span>影响还<span style="color: black;">包含</span>体液滞留而<span style="color: black;">导致</span>脸部、四肢肿胀,此时应<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>留意皮肤,避免<span style="color: black;">显现</span>外伤而<span style="color: black;">增多</span>感染的几率。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">化疗<span style="color: black;">时期</span>该<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">弥补</span>营养?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">为了<span style="color: black;">供给</span>身体进行修复时所需的能量及<span style="color: black;">加强</span>抵抗力,化疗病人会比<span style="color: black;">通常</span>人摄取<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的营养,而<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>重点不是吃得多,而是着重在营养<span style="color: black;">平衡</span>。 <span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是,体重下降是营养不良的指标之一,体重降得越多,<span style="color: black;">出现</span>营养不良的机会越高,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会影响到治疗的疗效及存活率。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 1.重质不重量:<span style="color: black;">选取</span>营养<span style="color: black;">成份</span>高(鱼、肉、蛋、奶等高蛋白质<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>)、热量高的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.少量多餐:替代正常的三餐,随时准备小食,想吃的时候就吃。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.食材多样化:<span style="color: black;">选取</span>多样食材、调味多变换,<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>促<span style="color: black;">摄食</span>欲的效果。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.清淡不油腻:避免因消化不良所产生的不适感。 </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其他增<span style="color: black;">摄食</span>欲的方式还<span style="color: black;">包含</span>:餐前多散步活动、改变用餐的氛围或环境(公园野餐、烛光晚餐)、邀请<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>或家人到家里聚餐。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>副<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">摄食</span>困难时,当下不要太勉强<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,当身体感觉舒服或有食欲时,再正常的<span style="color: black;">摄食</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-72991b90467ae465e8219eb25365a4dc_720w.webp?source=1def8aca" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
</span></div>
我赞同你的看法,你的智慧让人佩服,谢谢分享。 楼主发的这篇帖子,我觉得非常有道理。
页:
[1]