疟原虫“五兄弟”的自我介绍
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：安溪疾控中心）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">疟 疾</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">疟疾是最古老的传<span style="color: black;">患病</span>之一，与人类共存了三千<span style="color: black;">数年</span>，现今仍在非洲肆虐，每年<span style="color: black;">引起</span>几十万人死亡。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">2021年6月30日，世界卫生组织宣布中国<span style="color: black;">经过</span>消除疟疾认证，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>输入性疟疾仍然存在。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>，可感染人体的疟原虫家族中有“五兄弟”，即</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">“老大”恶性疟原虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">“老二”间日疟原虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">“老三”卵形疟原虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">“老四”三日疟原虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">“老五”诺氏疟原虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q8.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240422/83719d57c0f94ede92c8e7ba6715a6d8.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">大众</span>好</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>是疟原虫家族</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">都是单细胞真核生物</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">以下是<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>兄弟的自我介绍</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><img src="https://q4.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240422/f96188e241c04147bf1c9f8adcfe4820.gif" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">疟原虫生活史</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>家族成员<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是<span style="color: black;">经过</span>按蚊叮咬传播疟疾，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可<span style="color: black;">经过</span>输血或母婴传播。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240422/f419e2572e584f18b1488f9074064ff2.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>疟原虫“五兄弟”是这么悄<span style="color: black;">没</span>声息地进入你们<span style="color: black;">身体</span>的：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在按蚊<span style="color: black;">身体</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>按蚊叮咬将<span style="color: black;">胞子</span>注入人体，之后<span style="color: black;">胞子</span>进入肝细胞，在肝细胞内进行“<span style="color: black;">没</span>性繁殖”；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">数量足够多时<span style="color: black;">导致</span>肝细胞破裂，随后便进入血液中的红细胞；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在红细胞内<span style="color: black;">生长</span>成熟，形成雌雄配子体，</span><span style="color: black;">最后红细胞破裂，雌雄配子体释放入血液；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按蚊吸食血液后，雌雄配子进入蚊胃，在按蚊<span style="color: black;">身体</span>进行配子生殖和<span style="color: black;">胞子</span>增殖；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">最后积聚于唾液腺，再<span style="color: black;">经过</span>叮咬传播给下一个人。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240422/1ccc5f044dd746b19a4a26b582bedc7d.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">接下来</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>“五兄弟”</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">给你们做一下</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">简单的自我介绍吧</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">恶性疟原虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">大众</span>好！我是疟原虫家族中的老大，感染的病例约占全国输入性疟疾的60%，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是家族中最凶险的疟原虫，感染人体后病情发展<span style="color: black;">快速</span>，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>得到<span style="color: black;">即时</span>规范的治疗，容易<span style="color: black;">引起</span>重症<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>死亡。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">感染人体后<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>的<span style="color: black;">隐藏</span>期较短，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>为11~16天，起病急，寒颤、出汗不<span style="color: black;">显著</span>，热型不规则，有时可能会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>头痛、乏力、腹泻、恶心、呕吐等。首选以青蒿素类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>为<span style="color: black;">基本</span>的复方或联合用药治疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>的流行区在非洲，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>从非洲回国<span style="color: black;">显现</span>发热等不适现象记得去县级及以上正规医院治疗，并<span style="color: black;">通知</span>非洲出国史哦。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">间日疟原虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">想必<span style="color: black;">大众</span>对我<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不是很陌生，中国上世纪<span style="color: black;">重点</span>流行的疟原虫<span style="color: black;">便是</span>我。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">有长短<span style="color: black;">隐藏</span>期，短者<span style="color: black;">通常</span>12~30天，长者<span style="color: black;">达到</span>1年<span style="color: black;">上下</span>。典型的疟疾<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>先后<span style="color: black;">显现</span>寒颤、发热、出汗退热等周期性症状，<span style="color: black;">一般</span>为隔天一次。首选磷酸氯喹加磷酸伯氨喹治疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">子<span style="color: black;">胞子</span>有两种类型，速发型和迟发型，速发型会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>当下临床<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>，迟发型子<span style="color: black;">胞子</span>侵入肝细胞后不继续<span style="color: black;">生长</span>，<span style="color: black;">处在</span>休眠状态，经过一段时间休眠期再<span style="color: black;">生长</span>释放出肝细胞侵入红细胞<span style="color: black;">导致</span>复发，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>在第二年5月份之前要再<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>8日磷酸伯氨喹疗法防止复发。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">东亚地区的输入性疟疾以我为主。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">卵形疟原虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">我跟间日疟原虫像是双胞胎，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>方面比较<span style="color: black;">类似</span>，<span style="color: black;">隐藏</span>期、<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>间隔、临床用药都<span style="color: black;">同样</span>，<span style="color: black;">一样</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>防止复发哦。流行区域<span style="color: black;">重点</span>在非洲国家。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">三日疟原虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">我感染人体后<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>的<span style="color: black;">隐藏</span>期不长，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>为18~40天，间隔2日<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>一次，较为规律。首选磷酸氯喹治疗。流行区域<span style="color: black;">重点</span>在非洲国家。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">诺氏疟原虫</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">相比前面4位大哥，我比较少见，<span style="color: black;">一般</span>在猴群中传播，1965年首次<span style="color: black;">报告</span>感染人类。2011年世界卫生组织将我列为第5种能感染人的疟原虫。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>流行于东南亚地区，以马来西亚病例最多。感染的<span style="color: black;">隐藏</span>期<span style="color: black;">一般</span>8~12天，最短3天，最长27天，<span style="color: black;">没</span>迟发型子<span style="color: black;">胞子</span>，<span style="color: black;">不消</span>防复发。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">源自</span>：福州疾控</span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">返回搜</span></a>狐，查看<span style="color: black;">更加多</span></p>
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