心力衰竭能不可治好重点看这些！
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/UdiczWS4AXdgPA21uMM1jHzSHMibV5OkSY745Vic9FRFVA2DIPjpBgLMH41ldQ1BiazRqZZL83ZvJBEEO7ZrJ4RN9w/0?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">小心</span>脏病<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>喘憋、下肢水肿时，要<span style="color: black;">可疑</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>心力衰竭。心力衰竭是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>心脏病发展到严重<span style="color: black;">周期</span>而表现出的一种<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的临床<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>。<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>心力衰竭后要<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>寻找病因。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>，缺血性心脏病（冠心病）是心力衰竭的最<span style="color: black;">重点</span>病因，由冠心病所<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的心力衰竭常常表现为左心室收缩功能减低。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>，高血压、糖尿病等<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可损害心脏功能。还有些<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的心脏<span style="color: black;">显著</span>扩大，收缩功能降低，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>找不到病因，被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为原发性扩张型心肌病。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/UdiczWS4AXdgPA21uMM1jHzSHMibV5OkSYvDV6IkibJticVmU2OBIjaZpLhQdtBKic1Vl58Pqc0InZC313DLSSylQnQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">收缩和舒张性心力衰竭（收缩功能<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>和舒张功能<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">心脏要完成泵血功能，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>有完好的收缩功能将心腔内的血液泵出，还要具备完好的舒张功能使血液能充满心腔。冠心病、心肌炎、扩张型心肌病等<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>常损害心脏的收缩功能，而高血压、糖尿病、肥厚型心肌病等<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>常损害其舒张功能。<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有许多<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">同期</span>存在收缩和舒张功能<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">诊断收缩功能<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>并不难，采用超声心动图等<span style="color: black;">办法</span>测定左室射血分数降低（50%）便司确诊。这些<span style="color: black;">病人</span>常伴有心腔<span style="color: black;">显著</span>扩大、室壁运动<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>，表现为体力活动时气短、喘憋、乏力、下肢水肿。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">诊断舒张功能不全较困难，超声心动图不准确，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>结合症状、血液利钠肽水平<span style="color: black;">上升</span>等综合判断。<span style="color: black;">身患</span>高血压的老年女性<span style="color: black;">更易</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>舒张功能不全。</span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">急性心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>出院被认为是慢性心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>治疗的<span style="color: black;">起始</span></span></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/UdiczWS4AXdgPA21uMM1jHzSHMibV5OkSYRvxexZMIDtybXHJRNlt8MHAbTA3j3I2Y2pHB9Q0ykO6PFhZGqLbzEg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">顾名思义，<span style="color: black;">急性心力衰竭</span>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">便是</span>发病急，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>尽快治疗的心力衰竭，表现为<span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>的喘憋加重、咳嗽咳痰、下肢水肿，严重者表现为低血压、少尿和四肢冰凉（<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为心源性休克），死亡率很高，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>紧急救治。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">急性心力衰竭经过治疗，病情稳定，常转为慢性心力衰竭</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">急性心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>经过成功治疗后病情稳定出院，标志着急性期（或失代偿期）治疗结束，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>绝不<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">已然</span>治愈。即使病情得到<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>，仍有可能发展<span style="color: black;">作为</span>慢性心力衰竭。例如心脏瓣膜病换瓣术后、心肌梗死闭塞血管再通后或高血压<span style="color: black;">病人</span>都是心力衰竭的高危人群。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经常<span style="color: black;">能够</span>见到急性心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>住院时病情得到<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>，针对病因的手术成功，出院时<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>和<span style="color: black;">病人</span>皆大<span style="color: black;">高兴</span>，却忽略了<span style="color: black;">病人</span>教育和后续治疗而<span style="color: black;">最后</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>慢性心力衰竭的病例。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>急性心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">本来</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>慢性心力衰竭的急性加重状态</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这些<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>有慢性心力衰竭的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>。<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">疲劳</span>、感冒等诱因<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>急性心力衰竭。当<span style="color: black;">病人</span>病情稳定出院后，假若不继易治疗<span style="color: black;">本来</span>的慢性心力衰竭，容易再次加重而入院。</span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">心力衰竭的症状</span></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/UdiczWS4AXdgPA21uMM1jHzSHMibV5OkSYoV9ibrLMV8kT4txibECCsEBm3IL3rqOVeOYAicQrXcQYb9wmvVehDhCXw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难、乏力和水肿</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难、外周水肿和乏力是心力衰竭的特征性症状。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难。</span><span style="color: black;">许多<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难而<span style="color: black;">看病</span>，才<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>心力衰竭。<span style="color: black;">起始</span>时表现为上楼、<span style="color: black;">慢跑</span>时感觉胸闷；行走距离越来越短；严重时在家<span style="color: black;">休憩</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>有<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>平卧；夜间常常憋醒，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>起床走几步<span style="color: black;">才可</span>继续卧床。这些都是左心衰竭的表现。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">乏力。</span><span style="color: black;">这是<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>几乎都有的症状，走路时喘憋，感觉双腿像灌了铅<span style="color: black;">同样</span>重，迈不开步伐。这些现象并非<span style="color: black;">因为</span>年龄<span style="color: black;">增多</span>而自然<span style="color: black;">出现</span>，可能是<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了心力衰竭。<span style="color: black;">经过</span>“6分钟步行<span style="color: black;">实验</span>”测试<span style="color: black;">病人</span>在65分钟内行走的最长距离。心功能正常的人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>步行450米以上。假如6分钟内步行距离不足300米，说明体力<span style="color: black;">显著</span>降低。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">水肿。</span><span style="color: black;">这是心力衰竭的<span style="color: black;">平常</span>症状，起初表现为袜子口深陷。轻轻按压小腿，<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>凹陷，<span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>马上恢复，这种现象被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为凹陷性肿。能走动的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>常<span style="color: black;">首要</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>午后双足或双踝部浮肿，<span style="color: black;">休憩</span>一晚后消失；卧床不起的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的是腰骶部后背浮肿。<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是重力<span style="color: black;">引起</span>“水往低处流”的结果。婴儿和儿童心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>表现为颜面部水肿。<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>浮肿会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>下肢皮肤色素沉着、变红和变硬，<span style="color: black;">一般</span>见于足背部和，小腿前侧皮肤。心力衰竭晚期，浮肿则演变成全身性水肿。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/UdiczWS4AXdgPA21uMM1jHzSHMibV5OkSYWV93KS7gFf5lj3aG74pxuoQ9quUjqh4TEplYCwjIn1uxTfvOic1MM4g/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">泌尿系统症状</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">夜尿症。都说心肾是一家，心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>常常<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>肾功能不全。最初表现为夜尿<span style="color: black;">增加</span>，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>夜间会多次起夜排尿，影响<span style="color: black;">睡觉</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">问题：心力衰竭治疗中经常<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>利尿剂。<span style="color: black;">病人</span>抱怨夜里排尿<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>了，怎么还用利尿剂？</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">答案：夜尿增<span style="color: black;">大都是</span>心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">初期</span>的表现。<span style="color: black;">白日</span>，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>站立和活动时尿的形成受到<span style="color: black;">控制</span>；夜间卧床<span style="color: black;">休憩</span>时，心排量短缺得到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>缓解，肾血管收缩减弱，肾脏供血不足得到改善，尿形成<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>病情继续发展，全天尿量都会减少。此时，可在<span style="color: black;">每日</span>早晨<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>利尿剂。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">少尿。这是晚期心力衰竭征象，<span style="color: black;">原由</span>是心脏排血功能严重受损，肾脏供血不足<span style="color: black;">导致</span>尿生成减少。<span style="color: black;">从而</span>，<span style="color: black;">身体</span>水分和盐分蓄积产生水肿。此时应当<span style="color: black;">运用</span>足够利尿剂<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>排尿。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">其他表现</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">心力衰竭致使心脏<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>将血液<span style="color: black;">传送</span>给身体，继而身体里的血液<span style="color: black;">不可</span>顺利回流心脏而淤积在全身。当血液淤积在肝脏，会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>肝大，并产生不适症状，常被描述为右上腹或上腹部闷痛。急性右心衰竭肝脏<span style="color: black;">快速</span>增大时，症状加重。慢性缓慢的肝脏肿大<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>还可有厌食、恶心、<span style="color: black;">摄食</span>后饱胀和便秘等消化道症状，这与肝脏和胃肠道疲血<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。严重肠道供血不足可<span style="color: black;">导致</span>腹痛、腹胀和血便。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">精神症状，老年<span style="color: black;">病人</span>心力衰竭晚期，尤其伴有脑动脉硬化时，可<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>模糊、记忆力减退、焦虑、抑郁、头痛、失眠和噩梦等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">寻找心力衰竭的病因，标本兼治</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">心力衰竭不是一种独立的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，<span style="color: black;">各样</span>心脏病发展到严重<span style="color: black;">周期</span>都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>表现为心力衰竭。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，诊断心力衰竭后应当<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>寻找其病因、加重<span style="color: black;">原因</span>以及合并其他<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>好原发<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，为心力衰竭治疗奠定良好<span style="color: black;">基本</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>疗效和预后有着<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在我国，冠心病和高血压是心力衰竭的最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>病因。其他病因还有心肌功能不全、<span style="color: black;">心率</span>失常、肺栓塞、心脏瓣膜病变、心包<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>、感染、贫血、肾脏或甲状腺功能不良、妊娠、<span style="color: black;">控制</span>心脏<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的<span style="color: black;">运用</span>等。<span style="color: black;">不健康的生活方式<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是心力衰竭的诱因。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">钠盐或酒精摄入<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>过量、暴食时<span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>的盐摄入、心力衰竭治疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的中断、输血、过度<span style="color: black;">疲劳</span>、环境过热或过度潮湿以及<span style="color: black;">心情</span>激动等，均可使<span style="color: black;">处在</span>代偿<span style="color: black;">周期</span>的心脏病<span style="color: black;">显现</span>心力衰竭。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肾性高血压或原发性高血压<span style="color: black;">病人</span>抗高血压<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>中断，可能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>动脉血压的<span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">上升</span>，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>心脏的失代偿。</span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<span style="color: black;">重视</span>事项</span></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">积极配台治疗，避免加重心力衰竭的诱发<span style="color: black;">原因</span>很<span style="color: black;">要紧</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/UdiczWS4AXdgPA21uMM1jHzSHMibV5OkSYDdg8HL7JPfYW6KTlibEzSO30oXKzwt8MD3GBuxFsmKnGXaJCOgYzoBg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一旦被诊断为心力衰竭，不要灰心丧气。积极地面对生活，树立战胜<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">自信心</span>，相信当代医学<span style="color: black;">能够</span>战胜心力衰竭。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">严格按处方服药，<span style="color: black;">相关</span>治疗和<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>的问题(如<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>、剂量、疗效、不良反应及对策)咨询<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>。<span style="color: black;">即时</span>反馈用药过程中的任何不良感受。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按时复诊。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">观察病情变化，当<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难(喘憋、活动后上不来气)、乏力、下肢水肿或脱水、多汗等<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，<span style="color: black;">即时</span>反馈给<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">尤其</span>要关注体重变化，<span style="color: black;">每日</span>早上起床，早餐前的同一时间，<span style="color: black;">一样</span>衣着，自测体重。若体重<span style="color: black;">增多</span>1一2千克、1一3天内体重实增2千克<span style="color: black;">或</span>6个月内体重下降5千克以上，应<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">警觉</span>，立即就诊。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">学会摸脉搏，数脉率。将右手中间3个手指的指肚轻轻放在左手的手腕处，<span style="color: black;">而后</span><span style="color: black;">数15秒钟，得数再乘以4，</span>就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>数出每分钟心跳的次数(即心率)。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">保持电解质平衡，电解质<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>血液中钾、钠、氯等离子的浓度。心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">自己</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>电解质的调节能力降低，而治疗心力衰竭的多种<span style="color: black;">药品</span>对血钠和血钾有影响，容易<span style="color: black;">引起</span>电解质<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">缺钠会感到乏力，<span style="color: black;">太多</span>的钠又会加重水肿。钾离子更<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>，血液中<span style="color: black;">显现</span>低钾或高钾均可<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">心率</span>失常，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>致命。<span style="color: black;">意见</span>心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>应当严格<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>血钾，缩小正常范围，保持在4.0一5.0mmol/L，即使进入3.5一3.8mmol/L或5.2一5.5mmol/L范围等边缘地带<span style="color: black;">亦</span>应当<span style="color: black;">即时</span>纠正。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">运用</span>利尿剂的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>易<span style="color: black;">显现</span>低钾，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>合用螺内酯等保钾<span style="color: black;">药品</span>预防低钾。<span style="color: black;">不外</span>，<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>必要预防性<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>钾盐。<span style="color: black;">由于</span>心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>常为老年人并<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>肾功能下降，<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>常有保钾<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，当血钾不<span style="color: black;">小于</span>常规<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>钾盐容易导致高钾，<span style="color: black;">一样</span>危险。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/UdiczWS4AXdgPA21uMM1jHzSHMibV5OkSYLyj8kiclPHMguicZu2gckcpFjUnVvn3A18UmR2T8UiaGgk5I8UkAYVoNg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">保持良好的生活方式</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、戒烟、戒酒，<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>体重。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2、保持低盐<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>，限制钠的摄入。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3、心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>每昼夜摄入的液体总量<span style="color: black;">不该</span>超过1~1.5升。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4、为<span style="color: black;">保留</span>能量，应预先计划好一天的活动量。<span style="color: black;">病人</span>应继续从事与其体能相适应的<span style="color: black;">平常</span>工作，积极参加社会活动。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>计划参加经常性的运动训练和压力松弛技术训练。病情稳定的心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>应在<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的<span style="color: black;">指点</span>下从事低水平的耐力性活动(如散步)，这些活动以不<span style="color: black;">导致</span>症状为前提，从而改善受损的运动能力和<span style="color: black;">加强</span>生活质量。<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">休憩</span>会使肌肉代谢<span style="color: black;">出现</span>变化，加重症状。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">可乘坐<span style="color: black;">通常</span>的交通<span style="color: black;">工具</span>，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>飞机。但<span style="color: black;">长期</span>的静坐会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>下肢静脉血栓形成的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是在高温<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，应适当<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>水分。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">5、心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>抵抗力较弱，<span style="color: black;">意见</span>对所有心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是晚期心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，进行疫苗接种，预防流感和肺炎性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">6、育龄<span style="color: black;">女性</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>避孕，心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>妊娠生育危险性极高，<span style="color: black;">必要</span>得到<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>同意。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">7、心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的性生活<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>危险性，可实现含服硝酸油预防和避免过度激动。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/UdiczWS4AXdgRlA0nAEqYaMt6q8oHYj0UVWNYj7LZdNOnFul4mN1Luib2tjcBe73pVAxuiceRkpCnq8qz4KFc3G8Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/UdiczWS4AXdgRlA0nAEqYaMt6q8oHYj0UcibjibfUiaa2d4KO2giaCiahwvgDe6eWAP7Ykyf2Mmw3Lbfg3jngS2HPDqQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/UdiczWS4AXdjvj8CvtibMLW8LJwdmNeCJQCUBVqauia3xeGA8DpsQCgeIhcP81NshhibvTn05TXu1TxQGJUQ4aM1NA/0?wx_fmt=gif&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
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