中国医科大学2021年12月《病理生理学》作业考核试题【奥鹏100分答案】
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">中国医科大学2021年12月《病理生理学》作业考核试题【奥鹏100分答案】-奥鹏作业答案库</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"></span>www.apzy1587.com/yuanxiaozuoyeziyuan/zhongguoyikedaxue/5598.html</span></span></a></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 中国医科大学2021年12月《病理生理学》作业考核试题</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>单选题 (共 20 道试题,共 20 分)</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.下列哪种<span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">一般</span>不会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>代谢性酸中毒</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.过量摄入阿司匹林</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.休克</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.呕吐</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.酒精中毒</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.严重肾功能衰竭</p>答案:C
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.下列哪项不是代谢性酸中毒的临床表现</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.<span style="color: black;">心率</span>失常</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.心肌收缩力下降</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.<span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">阻碍</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.氧离曲线左移</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.血管扩张，血压下降</p>答案
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-4f89913ab376925632be5823a038f938_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.碱中毒时<span style="color: black;">显现</span>手足搐搦是<span style="color: black;">由于</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.血清钾离子减少</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.血清氯离子减少</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.血清钠离子减少</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.血清钙离子减少</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.血清镁离子减少</p>答案
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-4f89913ab376925632be5823a038f938_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.健康人进入高原地区或通风不良的矿井<span style="color: black;">出现</span>缺氧的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.吸入气氧分压低</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.肺部气体交换差</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.肺循环血流量少</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.血液携氧能力低</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.组织血流量少</p>答案:A
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">http://</span><span style="color: black;">5.CO</span></a>
</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">中毒<span style="color: black;">导致</span>缺氧类型是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.低张性缺氧</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.血液性缺氧</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.缺血性缺氧</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.组织性缺氧</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.淤血性缺氧</p>答案:B
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6.低容量性高钠血症失水的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>部位是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.体腔</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.细胞间液</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.血液</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.细胞内液</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.淋巴液</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7.影响细胞内外钾平衡调节的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>激素是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.胰岛素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.胰高血糖素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.肾上腺糖皮质激素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.醛固酮</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.甲状腺素</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">8.下述哪种物质属内生致热原</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.本胆烷醇酮</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.IL-6</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.外毒素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.抗原抗体复合物</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.内毒素</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">9.体温<span style="color: black;">提升</span>期的热代谢特点是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.产热减少</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.散热<span style="color: black;">增多</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.产热和散热平衡</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.散热大于产热</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.产热大于散热</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">10.外致热原<span style="color: black;">导致</span>发热<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.激活局部的血管内皮细胞，释放炎症介质</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.激活产EP细胞<span style="color: black;">引起</span>内生致热原的产生和释放</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.直接<span style="color: black;">功效</span>于下丘脑的体温调节中枢POAH</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.刺激局部的神经末梢，释放神经介质入血</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.分解代谢<span style="color: black;">加强</span>，产热<span style="color: black;">增多</span></p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">11.采用何种灌注<span style="color: black;">前提</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>减轻再灌注<span style="color: black;">损害</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.低压、低流、低温、低钠、低钙</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.低压、低流、高温、低钠、高钙</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.高压、低流、低温、高钠、低钙</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.高压、高流、低温、低钠、低钙</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.低压、低流、低温、高钠、高钙</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">12.下列哪项是肺循环淤血的表现</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.肝颈静脉回流征阳性</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.夜间阵发性<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.下肢水肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.肝脏肿大</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.颈静脉怒张</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">13.左心衰竭<span style="color: black;">一般</span>不会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>下列哪项表现</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.劳力性<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.下肢水肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.肺水肿</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.端坐<span style="color: black;">呼气</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.夜间阵发性<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">14.下列哪种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>左心衰竭。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.二尖瓣关闭不全</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.肺动脉瓣关闭不全</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.慢性阻塞性肺<span style="color: black;">疾患</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.肺动脉瓣狭窄</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.三尖瓣关闭不全</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">15.心肌兴奋收缩耦联跟下列哪种离子密切<span style="color: black;">关联</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.钙离子</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.镁离子</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.钠离子</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.钾离子</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.氢离子</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">16.死腔样通气可见于</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.肺动脉栓塞</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.胸腔积液</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.肺不张</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.支气管哮喘</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.肺实变</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">17.<span style="color: black;">各样</span>不同应激原所<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的应激是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.几乎相同的特异性全身性反应</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.几乎相同的非特异性全身性反应</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.决定于应激原的特异性反应</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.完全不相同的特异性全身性反应</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.完全不相同的非特异性全身性反应</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">18.休克代偿期（微循环缺血期）微循环的变化下列哪一项是错误的</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.微动脉收缩</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.后微动脉收缩</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.毛细血管前括约肌收缩</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.动静脉吻合支收缩</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.微静脉收缩</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">19.假性神经递质<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>的机制是</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.取代乙酰胆碱</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.取代去甲肾上腺素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.<span style="color: black;">控制</span>多巴胺合成</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.假性神经递质是<span style="color: black;">控制</span>性递质</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.<span style="color: black;">控制</span>去甲肾上腺素合成</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">20.下列哪项不是严重肝性脑病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>易<span style="color: black;">显现</span>低血糖的要素</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A.肝细胞<span style="color: black;">损害</span>肝糖原<span style="color: black;">贮存</span>减少</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B.肝糖原分解<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C.血中胰岛素含量<span style="color: black;">增多</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D.血糖分解代谢加强</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">E.葡萄糖吸收<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span></p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>答案下载：（www.） (共 4 道试题,共 16 分)</p>21.微血管病性溶血性贫血
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">22.低渗性脱水</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">23.缺氧</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">24.发绀</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>主观填空题 (共 2 道试题,共 4 分)</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">25.肺换气功能<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>##，##和##。</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">26.慢性肾衰<span style="color: black;">病人</span>常<span style="color: black;">显现</span>尿液浓缩和稀释功能丧失，尿比重较固定，<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为##尿。</p>答案:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span>问答题 (共 6 道试题,共 60 分)</p>27.II 型<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>衰竭<span style="color: black;">病人</span>氧疗时，吸氧原则是什么？<span style="color: black;">为何</span>？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">28.简述缺氧时组织细胞的代偿反应。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">29.脑死亡的诊断标准是什么？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">30.体温<span style="color: black;">提升</span>期有<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>的临床特点？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">31.简述DIC<span style="color: black;">导致</span>休克的机制。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">32.简述肝性脑病发病机制中氨中毒学说。</p>
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