身体里的决战：一文认识癌症
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症很可怕，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>都<span style="color: black;">已然</span>很清楚。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>今天，我就来以一个非肿瘤科<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的身份，把我理解的癌症<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的<span style="color: black;">重要</span>词，用战争<span style="color: black;">做为</span>比喻，来给<span style="color: black;">大众</span>讲清楚。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">癌症是<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>毁掉<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的生命的？</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>把身体和癌症的对抗比做一张守卫城池的战争，<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">最后</span>，癌症常常是用这三种办法，屠戮了全城。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一，放水淹城，生灵涂炭</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>肿瘤长着长着，就会和较大的血管接触，并且一点一点侵蚀血管，<span style="color: black;">最后</span>某个时刻，血管破裂，<span style="color: black;">海量</span>血液流出，致人死亡。例如胃癌<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的消化道大<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，肺癌<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的大咯血等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二，断粮断水，不战自溃</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤细胞最<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的特性是疯狂的生长，他比人体正常细胞的生长要不受<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>的多，消耗的营养物质<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要大的多。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>就相当于把病人摄入的营养大多都给抢走，断绝，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>病人日渐消瘦。<span style="color: black;">最后</span>，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>营养的缺乏和代谢毒素的<span style="color: black;">累积</span>，人体<span style="color: black;">没</span>法应对，全盘崩溃。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这就好比断粮断水之后，城中自乱的攻城策略。<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>肿瘤到后期都会有这种对人体的极度消耗的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>经常看到说，有人<span style="color: black;">没</span>缘<span style="color: black;">没</span>故的消瘦几十斤，去医院一查是肿瘤晚期。而<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>您去过医院的肿瘤科病房，应该有感触，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>到临终的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，都是骨瘦如柴的。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-119aca6647298fd53bd4c8afba8f1f66_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">三，抢占地盘，欺行霸市</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这就<span style="color: black;">好似</span>虽然两军不交火，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>在同一个城区里，敌人<span style="color: black;">没</span>论是人口还是建设，都扩展的<span style="color: black;">火速</span>，慢慢的在城市中占地越来越多，而原有的市民的<span style="color: black;">存活</span>空间越来越少，以至于<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">本来</span>用来建设<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>工厂的地盘都被敌人霸占了，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>霸占了自来水厂，那原来市民就断水了；霸占了排污系统，那原居民就垃圾堆满天。<span style="color: black;">最后</span>，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>剩下的地盘太小，没法满足市民的生活需求，只能缴械投降。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤快速的增长，侵占器官，<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span>器官的功能<span style="color: black;">衰退</span><span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>，正常细胞越来越少，肿瘤细胞占位越来越大。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>肝癌，肾癌，脑癌等。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-231178158b4c03e5cb555dd7ca70a12b_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>不会一<span style="color: black;">起始</span>就放弃抵抗，<span style="color: black;">没</span>论是<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">自己</span>还是借助医学手段，</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">对抗肿瘤大军的<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">通常</span>有以下几种。</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一，扩大<span style="color: black;">包裹</span>，玉石俱焚。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span>在肿瘤的早中期，大多<span style="color: black;">能够</span>有手术的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>把敌军连同敌军周边方圆多少<span style="color: black;">千米</span>以内的所有东西，<span style="color: black;">所有</span>干掉。相当于瞄准敌军投了一颗原子弹。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>爆炸的范围必然<span style="color: black;">必须</span>大于敌军的驻扎地，<span style="color: black;">才可</span><span style="color: black;">保证</span><span style="color: black;">所有</span>消灭。否则，就按肿瘤细胞的增殖能力，要不了多久，又会有一大波肿瘤大军反扑而来。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>肠癌手术时，不仅要切掉肿瘤本身，还要把肿瘤两边的肠管多切掉<span style="color: black;">有些</span>，<span style="color: black;">保证</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">保存</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>，毕竟细胞是肉眼看不到了，就好比有零星的敌军特务<span style="color: black;">已然</span>乔装成老<span style="color: black;">大众</span>的样子，混在了离<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的驻扎地较远的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>法分辨，总<span style="color: black;">不可</span>为求切的干净，就<span style="color: black;">没</span>限制的扩大切口，那势必<span style="color: black;">导致</span>功能严重受损，毕竟本意是救人，不是同归于尽。这<span style="color: black;">便是</span>为啥有的人手术完半年，一年，在原来的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>有复发了，<span style="color: black;">便是</span>那零星的几个逃脱的敌人，又快速的生息繁衍起来了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">还有的时候，手术顺利完<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>不久在别处<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>了转移，这是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>在<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>给它们连窝端之前，<span style="color: black;">已然</span>有<span style="color: black;">少许</span>的肿瘤敌人，先跑到了遥远的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>，并且<span style="color: black;">隐匿</span>起来，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>是很难检测出少量的肿瘤细胞的。而把老巢端掉之后，<span style="color: black;">隐匿</span>在远处（其他器官组织）的肿瘤细胞又增殖起来了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二，全线通缉，宁错勿漏</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人都听说过化疗，听起来就觉得很可怕，副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>很大。<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上化疗<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>化学<span style="color: black;">药品</span>来治疗，这些<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>对肿瘤细胞很强的杀灭力，<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">同期</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">损害</span>正常细胞，如同杀敌一千，自损八佰。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>，<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>我军得到了<span style="color: black;">信息</span>，<span style="color: black;">已然</span>可能有一部分敌军逃脱了，逃到哪藏在哪<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>并不<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>，<span style="color: black;">同期</span>呢，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>得到了<span style="color: black;">有些</span>关于敌军的特征的情报<span style="color: black;">信息</span>，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>敌军有几个特点，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>左耳朵上有个耳环，<span style="color: black;">暗地里</span>纹着一个狼头，左脚心有三颗痣，要<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>放过了<span style="color: black;">她们</span>，<span style="color: black;">她们</span>增殖起来，那可是要命的事儿。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>，就<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>了几道号令，把所有左耳朵有耳环的、<span style="color: black;">暗地里</span>有狼头的和左脚心有三颗痣的，统统当做敌军来消灭。<span style="color: black;">这般</span>当然会有误伤，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>这是<span style="color: black;">无</span>办法的办法。正常的细胞会误伤后，还能够重新分化和增殖出来，毕竟基数大嘛，而肿瘤细胞可能就<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>而被杀灭<span style="color: black;">或</span>数量大大减少了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而随着医学的<span style="color: black;">发展</span>，<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>的化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>越来越精确，误伤<span style="color: black;">亦</span>越来越小，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>越来越低。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>除了<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>了敌人<span style="color: black;">暗地里</span>纹着狼头，还<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>这个狼是一个什么形状什么颜色的，<span style="color: black;">不但</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span>脚心有三个痣，还<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>是分别长着一根毛。<span style="color: black;">这般</span>就能够更<span style="color: black;">精细</span>的杀敌而避免伤及<span style="color: black;">没</span>辜，这<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>靶向<span style="color: black;">药品</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-742c2272ea904f522540146a89d05d71_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">三，<span style="color: black;">选定</span>爆破，激光制导</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">除了化疗以外，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>还听过放疗。放疗就相当于<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>锁定了肿瘤的位置，<span style="color: black;">而后</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>放射的手段，对这个区域进行“辐射”。以此来消灭敌军。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-40f242707bfbbbc21e03de95df9452c5_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">四，集中警力，个个击破</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>还听过免疫疗法，<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>人体的免疫力实时都在监控着肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>有些时候<span style="color: black;">由于</span>特殊的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>，这种监控疏忽了、失灵了<span style="color: black;">或</span>被<span style="color: black;">控制</span>了。肿瘤大军就借此揭竿而起，<span style="color: black;">快速</span>发展。机体的免疫就相当于各地的警察，<span style="color: black;">她们</span>对肿瘤这些坏家伙再熟悉<span style="color: black;">不外</span>，<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>一两个立刻就能够把<span style="color: black;">她们</span>抓起来。可是，<span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">以上</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>，一旦疏忽，肿瘤大军招兵买马，发展壮大，再靠警察就没用了，只能靠正规军。免疫疗法<span style="color: black;">便是</span>把对敌人最熟悉的警察集训起来，武装起来，并且<span style="color: black;">经过</span>技术手段，克隆出<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的这种知己知彼的武装警察，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>发动<span style="color: black;">她们</span>去剿灭肿瘤细胞。<span style="color: black;">因为</span>这些警察熟悉敌人的特点，个个击破，<span style="color: black;">很难</span>误伤，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>是对抗肿瘤敌军的很好的方式。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-5e29fe3543b769e49a5ce503942f4790_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>以上，都是基于肿瘤<span style="color: black;">已然</span>患上了，该怎么办，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>其实<span style="color: black;">因为</span>敌人非常狡猾，隐蔽性极强，反侦查能力极强，繁殖能力和组织动员能力都远超过我军，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>一旦形成，可能对抗起来就比较棘手了。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>最好的预防手段，其实<span style="color: black;">便是</span>早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>。<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>在敌人规模尚不成熟，并且只是都局限于一个山头的时候，<span style="color: black;">包裹</span>起来剿灭，才成功率最高。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>，针对肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>筛查，至关<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">在<span style="color: black;">初期</span>筛查中，有几个<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，<span style="color: black;">大众</span>经常听到。</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>肿瘤标记物</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有<span style="color: black;">有些</span>肿瘤，在其生长代谢过程中会产生<span style="color: black;">有些</span>特殊的<span style="color: black;">成份</span>，被释放到血液中之后，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>被<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>检测到，就提示<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要重点排查某个地区，可能要出问题了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span>在肝脏这个地区的敌人，<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的脚都非常大，都是47、48码，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>当<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>泥泞的路面上<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>很大的脚印时，就警告我们，肝脏那边可能有敌人了。于是再针对这个区域额敌人做重点排查，以其在很早的时候就<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>并且处理掉<span style="color: black;">她们</span>。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>呢，正<span style="color: black;">一般人</span>就<span style="color: black;">无</span>这么大的脚了吗？<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能有啊！<span style="color: black;">因此</span>单纯的肿瘤标记物<span style="color: black;">上升</span>，尤其是高的不多的时候，并<span style="color: black;">不可</span>说明<span style="color: black;">便是</span>你得癌了，还是要结合其他<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">一块</span>看。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>PET-CT</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>以往的经验，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span>，敌人的饭量特别的大，繁殖<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>的快，消耗<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>的多，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">爱好</span>抢别人的物资。<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>就给全国定量发放某种特殊标记的粮食，结果<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>某个地区消耗的<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>的快，周边地区的都被这个<span style="color: black;">地区</span>给抢走了。<span style="color: black;">这般</span>就提示<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>，这个位置很可能存在敌人。这<span style="color: black;">便是</span>PET-CT的大致原理，<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>物质的特殊标记，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>看这些带有<span style="color: black;">暗号</span>的营养物质<span style="color: black;">是否</span>会在某个<span style="color: black;">地区</span><span style="color: black;">反常</span>的聚集，就提示<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>很可能有问题。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>以上，<span style="color: black;">便是</span>关于癌症，我想给<span style="color: black;">大众</span>举得几个小例子，<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>能够方便<span style="color: black;">大众</span>理解。</p>
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