论坛 › 重庆 › 《柳叶刀·肿瘤学》：癌症的初期症状，可能比你想象得还要多！早晓得便是救命！

7wu1wm0 发表于 2024-6-12 21:31:36

《柳叶刀·肿瘤学》：癌症的初期症状，可能比你想象得还要多！早晓得便是救命！

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/5ppIKrLkR8ITGRqquzJTMvibawhFbnWxOjQbE5uUthJrnNmRb7iaicLPby9ueC30E6TfR2V1aEU5AgjvcFCWehf9A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></span></strong></strong></span></p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">初期</span>诊断<span style="color: black;">干涉</span>，日益<span style="color: black;">作为</span><span style="color: black;">全世界</span>癌症<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>战略的一部分。<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>癌种<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，5年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率都90%以上。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>论<span style="color: black;">平常</span>听说还是<span style="color: black;">各样</span>医学科普，都经常会有一句：某某癌症，<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>特异性症状，一确诊<span style="color: black;">便是</span>中晚期……</span><span style="color: black;">面对晚期癌症，<span style="color: black;">各样</span>治疗策略在改善<span style="color: black;">存活</span>预后方面效果相当有限。日前，《柳叶刀》<span style="color: black;">发帖</span>揭示<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的20种癌症症状和12个癌种诊断分期之间的关系。</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/EjZcMyGNiatydqUEvAol3eb4icDX7BrSr5cyyHozofLrntSR3uI0sTsJMNcPY7jlxrWe1QzxWhcpP8kk9Nk1fFKw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">癌症晚期症状有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>？有特异性吗？</span></p><span style="color: black;">在这项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中，<span style="color: black;">科研</span>者分析了2014年英国国家癌症诊断审查数据库中年龄25岁及以上患12种实体瘤（膀胱癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌、子宫内膜癌、喉癌、肺癌、黑色素瘤、口腔或口咽癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、直肠癌、肾癌）的人群特征。<span style="color: black;">科研</span>者分析了20种<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的临床症状，并<span style="color: black;">运用</span>logistic回归分析了分期（TNM IV期与I-III期）与症状的<span style="color: black;">关联</span>性，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>每一种症状单独报告和与其他症状<span style="color: black;">一块</span>报告时<span style="color: black;">评定</span>这之间的<span style="color: black;">关联</span>性。</span><span style="color: black;">该<span style="color: black;">科研</span>从12927例癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中，排除1291例诊断为白血病、淋巴瘤、骨髓瘤或脑癌的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，2717例<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>分期不<span style="color: black;">知道</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，896例<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>分期信息缺失的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，26例年龄<span style="color: black;">少于</span>24岁的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">最后</span>分析纳入7997例。</span><span style="color: black;">表1 依据IV期癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的总体比例排序症状</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/EjZcMyGNiatydqUEvAol3eb4icDX7BrSr5cMdu39odkXk2iaJiaKSrgHQWGc3AKLIWcgqK75OKicpWD9HbNSpr7a08A/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">在筛选出的12种实体肿瘤 IV期<span style="color: black;">病人</span>中，最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的 IV期临床症状是<strong style="color: blue;">乳房肿块</strong>（n=1260），最不<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的临床症状是<strong style="color: blue;">颈部肿块</strong>（n=105）。<span style="color: black;">然则</span><strong style="color: blue;">80%</strong><span style="color: black;">病人</span>以颈部肿块为单独<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">伴同</span>症状<span style="color: black;">显现</span>时，诊断即是 IV期。</span><span style="color: black;">其中，单独报告即为 IV期的症状超过50%的有：咯血（56%）、胸部感染（54%）、背痛（58%）、胸痛（60%）。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">做为</span><span style="color: black;">伴同</span>症状出<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>IV期的超过50%的有：嘶哑（54%）、疲劳（50%）、体重减轻（51%）、咳嗽（57%）、咯血（53%）、胸部感染（56%）、背痛（62%）、胸痛（62%）。</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/EjZcMyGNiatydqUEvAol3eb4icDX7BrSr5Bet0n3QAu1ia42SCDicGkB2C70wfkWuewzJ5JXTPr5QJ9j1hEXQg8zmA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">图1 I-III期和IV期癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的症状和比例</span><span style="color: black;">注：<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>症状的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个条<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>单独记录的症状(单个症状)，每对的第二栏<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>与其他症状(多种症状)<span style="color: black;">一块</span>记录的症状。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">大概</span>三分之一的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>（34%，2685/7997）诊断为 IV期时，有两种及以上症状<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>。大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>(&gt;80%)在确诊时表现为<span style="color: black;">关联</span>部位的症状，例如乳房肿块(乳腺癌)、<span style="color: black;">反常</span>的痣(黑色素瘤)、绝经后<span style="color: black;">流血</span>(子宫内膜癌)、下尿路症状(前列腺癌)、咯血、<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难、胸部感染、胸部<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、咳嗽(肺癌)。</span><span style="color: black;">相比之下，<span style="color: black;">有些</span>不太<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>特异的症状，例如腹痛、肠胃习惯改变、背痛、疲劳、体重减轻的癌症发病部位各异。</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/EjZcMyGNiatydqUEvAol3eb4icDX7BrSr55Q219TrDCLjPia35azbOMzxOy1TVjW3hbNPFQUmjJwyLE7Xcg6Ajq1g/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">图2&nbsp;IV期癌症<span style="color: black;">显现</span>单独症状时的<span style="color: black;">优良</span>比</span><span style="color: black;">统计校准后，<strong style="color: blue;">颈部肿块、胸痛和背痛三种症状与诊断IV期癌症的几率<span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>，而<span style="color: black;">反常</span>的痣、乳房肿块、绝经期<span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">流血</span>、直肠<span style="color: black;">流血</span>与诊断为IV期癌症的概率相对较低。</strong></span><span style="color: black;">这个结论似乎与<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>平时的认知有很大距离。</span><span style="color: black;">究其<span style="color: black;">原由</span>，可能<span style="color: black;">由于</span>在英国，<strong style="color: blue;">宫颈癌、乳腺癌、肠癌</strong>是国家筛查项目，与这三种癌症<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的症状如：绝经期<span style="color: black;">反常</span><span style="color: black;">流血</span>、乳房肿块、直肠<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>在<span style="color: black;">初期</span>筛查中得到确诊，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>诊断为IV期肿瘤症状的<span style="color: black;">关联</span>性较小。但英国仍然有90%以上的癌症是经非筛查手段确诊的，找到更有效的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>筛查<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是<span style="color: black;">日前</span>各国都在积极<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>的工作。</span><span style="color: black;">美国癌症协会（ACS）<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">颁布</span><span style="color: black;">初期</span>癌症检测指南，癌症筛查率的数据和趋势，以及<span style="color: black;">选取</span>与癌症筛查<span style="color: black;">相关</span>的问题。2019年ACS癌症筛查指南的更新中，<span style="color: black;">意见</span>对<strong style="color: blue;">乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠直肠癌、肺癌和前列腺癌</strong>进行规范筛查。</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这些信号≠100%患癌</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>任由发展</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">它可能发展为真正的癌</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一旦<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>以下这些症状</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">警觉</span>、采取<span style="color: black;">办法</span>！</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/cZkI8M0nbCkXzTeDWepHbhwXDIFJk7sPvicALibA3ia3OwUsFLImicu9gCo7cvDP3B812fee58snjlWZ6R1CyAktKw/640?tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">乳腺癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">乳腺不规则肿块或乳头血性溢液，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>乳腺癌。80%的初诊乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，是因<span style="color: black;">没</span>意中摸到乳腺肿块而就诊。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肿块多为单发，以<span style="color: black;">没</span>痛性肿块<span style="color: black;">占多数</span>，<span style="color: black;">少许</span>伴有隐痛或刺痛，边缘不规则、表面<span style="color: black;">不但</span>滑，若还伴有乳腺皮肤的“酒窝样”或“橘皮样”改变，<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">看病</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　非妊娠期女性乳头流出脓液、浆液、血液等，可能是乳腺增生、乳腺导管扩张症或乳腺癌表现，需请<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>进一步判断。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>女性<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>乳房乳腺有肿块要<span style="color: black;">即时</span>就诊，进一步<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">知道</span>病因。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">肝癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肝硬化可能是肝癌的癌前病变。肝癌存在典型的三步曲，即肝炎→肝硬化→肝癌。约70%的原发性肝癌是<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在肝硬化的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上的，而<span style="color: black;">另一</span>在我国约40%肝硬化合并肝癌。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：肝硬化<span style="color: black;">病人</span>要<span style="color: black;">即时</span>接受规范的治疗。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">胃癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">慢性萎缩性胃炎可能是胃癌的癌前病变。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　大部分慢性胃炎<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>接受正规的中西医结合治疗，效果是比较好的，不会致癌。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>，有的胃癌与某些良性病变共存或在某些良性病变如慢性萎缩性胃炎的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变，而这些胃部<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>大多已<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>存在，更易使<span style="color: black;">病人</span>放松对胃癌的<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：要确诊<span style="color: black;">可否</span>有胃癌，就<span style="color: black;">必要</span>进行胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">食道癌、喉癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">消化不良、吞咽困难、嗓音嘶哑，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>食道癌、喉癌。<span style="color: black;">以上</span>两大症状在生活中极为<span style="color: black;">平常</span>，诱因<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>，但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">长期</span>不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的<span style="color: black;">连续</span>消化不良，需<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>胃癌的可能。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>吞咽困难，<span style="color: black;">摄食</span>时<span style="color: black;">显现</span>胸骨后<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、食管异物感，不<span style="color: black;">摄食</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会感到食管壁有菜叶、碎片或米粒黏附，吞咽下<span style="color: black;">食品</span>后会感到<span style="color: black;">食品</span>下行缓慢，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>停留在食管内，应尽早接受X光胸透或胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。若<span style="color: black;">显现</span>声音嘶哑、咽喉<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、刺激性干咳等症状，或有痰中带血、咽部异物感等，对症治疗不见好转，或症状<span style="color: black;">连续</span>超过1个月，应进行<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>的喉镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/N9vLx3iaECqNZCDaj6jFQJYpriaAhLVOEicybop5HSIXWuBCLSJB4SNE8CvgEg7ZRAg1N59B81rcWibCD7WJRicnPIA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">肾癌、膀胱癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>痛血尿可能是肾癌、膀胱癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状。在<span style="color: black;">少许</span>病例中，<span style="color: black;">没</span>疼血尿还可能是前列腺癌的症状。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：只要<span style="color: black;">显现</span>血尿，不管量多还是量少，即使不痛，很久才一次，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要<span style="color: black;">导致</span>高度<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>，应该及早到大医院的专科进行<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">淋巴瘤</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">淋巴瘤最常以淋巴腺（结）肿大为初发症状，尤其是在颈部、腋下或腹股沟等部位。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　若淋巴结肿大时间较短，摸起来比较柔软，自觉<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>或压痛，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>属于良性；若颈部、腋窝或腹股沟淋巴结肿大<span style="color: black;">长期</span>不消，坚硬、固定，表面凹凸不平，<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>或压痛，且<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>增大，则要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>肿瘤的可能。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：一处或多处<span style="color: black;">显现</span>淋巴结肿大，质地较硬但<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感的，就应<span style="color: black;">小心</span>淋巴瘤，最好<span style="color: black;">即时</span>到医院就诊<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">肺癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肺部结节大部分是良性的，<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>很少一部分属于癌前病变<span style="color: black;">或</span>肺癌。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，并非所有的肺结节都<span style="color: black;">必须</span>手术切除。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　咳嗽<span style="color: black;">一直</span>，痰中带血，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>肺癌。肺癌的典型征兆是刺激性咳嗽、痰中带血、胸痛等，约2/3有顽固刺激性咳嗽。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">与感冒、支气管炎咳嗽不同，这种刺激性咳嗽用抗生素<span style="color: black;">没</span>法减轻，<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是间断性咳血痰或痰中带血丝，或咳嗽有<span style="color: black;">海量</span><span style="color: black;">泡泡</span>痰，<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>喉部哮鸣音、胸闷、气促等表现，短期内体重<span style="color: black;">显著</span>下降，有不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的低热。若<span style="color: black;">以上</span>症状<span style="color: black;">连续</span>2~3周不缓解，<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">看病</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>了肺部结节，不要过度惊慌，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>别<span style="color: black;">忽略</span>。<span style="color: black;">即时</span>进一步诊断<span style="color: black;">知道</span>性质，<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">实质</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>进行观察或治疗。40岁以上人群<span style="color: black;">或</span>有肺癌家族史的高危人群，<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>一年做一次低剂量螺旋CT筛查<span style="color: black;">初期</span>肺癌。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/N9vLx3iaECqNZCDaj6jFQJYpriaAhLVOEicCdiaYoSh0UPFicc0BhjiaWtxGdibC376XDKLOZP1wp2rmu0SOkqInW8hJw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">肠癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肠息肉<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>大肠腔内黏膜表面隆起，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>局部增生的一类病变。其中，炎性肠息肉、错构瘤息肉、淋巴性息肉跟肠癌关系不大；增生性肠息肉、腺瘤性肠息肉跟肠癌关系密切。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>便秘、腹泻，大便有血或呈深色、黑色，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>结肠癌、直肠癌。大便形态、颜色以及排便规律的变化，是结直肠癌最直接的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>表现。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">不外</span>，便血是临床上较<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的一种症状，痔疮、上消化道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>等<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>，但性状、颜色不同。若只<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>便中带血，不必过于恐慌，听从<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">指点</span><span style="color: black;">就可</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：腺瘤性肠息肉属于“<span style="color: black;">按时</span>炸弹”，<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>手术切除。有肠息肉的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>要远离油煎、烟熏、火烤等烹饪方式和烟酒。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">40岁以上人群，若<span style="color: black;">显现</span>稀便、黏液便、脓血便，或便中带血，呈鲜红色或果酱色，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>下腹部不适，如腹胀、腹痛、腹鸣或隐隐作痛，且有<span style="color: black;">原由</span>不明的贫血、消瘦、<span style="color: black;">没</span>力，腹部可触摸到肿块，需<span style="color: black;">即时</span>就诊。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">皮肤癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>皮肤角质化可能是皮肤癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>信号。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>症状<span style="color: black;">包含</span>：皮肤<span style="color: black;">显现</span>圆形皮疹样<span style="color: black;">反常</span>变化，局部扁平或隆起，表面<span style="color: black;">显现</span>棕黄色或黑色痂皮，<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感，多发于面部和手背。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">身上的痣<span style="color: black;">显现</span>这些问题<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>！</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/CwkERAMhICwibHibBicK4BibjKa4q5P1FzNBDwib76gJdUGiaLoyPSlHLMsE7pCkk5zVJAAbI1KUIice9TNiclFYRJrhLw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>皮肤<span style="color: black;">显现</span>这种角化，先去正规医院皮肤科看一下<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">黑色素瘤</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　交界痣可能是黑色素瘤的癌前病变。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　部分皮肤的交界痣和混合痣在某些<span style="color: black;">原因</span>的刺激下可<span style="color: black;">出现</span>恶变，<span style="color: black;">作为</span>恶性黑色素瘤。尽管交界痣和混合痣已被证实有恶变倾向，但真正发展<span style="color: black;">作为</span>恶性肿瘤者微乎其微。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：不要反复摩擦、针挑等刺激身上的痣，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>别乱用<span style="color: black;">药品</span>腐蚀它，这些都可能是激发交界痣或混合痣恶变为黑色素瘤的诱因。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkQOXicvmAQG04fXvhS1hMZEZP0Fia4NZYwoKRqcB2hMdcvhNOaebay8QibfSSshAcMHfXRKficPZaO9zA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">口腔癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">口腔内<span style="color: black;">显现</span>不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的白色斑块，尤其是经常吸烟的人，可能是患上了口腔白斑病，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>不<span style="color: black;">即时</span>治疗，有<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变的可能，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>面临手术切骨的严重后果。据<span style="color: black;">认识</span>，舌头、牙龈、腮上黏膜都有可能是口腔白斑病滋生的温床。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">口腔溃疡<span style="color: black;">一般</span>10天内会<span style="color: black;">自动</span>愈合，长时间不愈合的溃疡可能是结核性溃疡<span style="color: black;">或</span>癌症。若溃疡伴有反复<span style="color: black;">流血</span>及不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的麻木、灼热、干燥感，且超过两周不愈合，就要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>白斑时，不要误以为是溃疡，需<span style="color: black;">即时</span>处理；别用指甲刮白斑；停止抽烟，否则会加速白斑恶化。<span style="color: black;">公众</span>对口腔白斑病<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>缺乏认识，越早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>早治疗，越能<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>病情。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">阴道莫名<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌。有些女性在性交、妇科<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，或用力排便后有少量阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，呈淡红色或褐色，属“接触性<span style="color: black;">流血</span>”，可能是宫颈癌的癌前病变信号。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">通常</span>先少后多，或时多时少，病情发展到中期，<span style="color: black;">流血</span>会<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">增加</span>。此时应<span style="color: black;">即时</span>到医院<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，并<span style="color: black;">保持</span>4~6个月复查。绝经期后有不规律阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>或血性白带，在排除宫颈癌和阴道炎后，应高度<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>子宫内膜癌。</span></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">膀胱癌、前列腺癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">排尿<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、血尿、尿量变化，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>膀胱癌、前列腺癌、肾癌。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　血尿是膀胱癌发出的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>信号。75%~78%的膀胱癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>有血尿症状，多呈<span style="color: black;">没</span>痛性或间歇性，有时会<span style="color: black;">自动</span>停止。血尿有些是<span style="color: black;">能够</span>用肉眼<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的，但<span style="color: black;">都数</span>肉眼<span style="color: black;">不可</span>察觉，需做尿常规<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">尿频、尿急、尿痛等膀胱刺激症状，以及尿潴留都可能是膀胱癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状。前列腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>表现<span style="color: black;">大都是</span>尿流分叉、尿程延长、尿频、尿急、尿痛、尿不尽感等，血尿反倒不是<span style="color: black;">重点</span>症状。性生活时<span style="color: black;">显现</span>射精<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，或射<span style="color: black;">流血</span>性精液<span style="color: black;">亦</span>需<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。肾癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>表现不典型，部分人会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>血尿，<span style="color: black;">没</span>痛性间歇<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：以上所有表现都应请<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>判断确诊。</span></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">骨癌、睾丸癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>骨癌、睾丸癌。<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>是多种癌症的症状，多见于中晚期，骨癌和睾丸癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>就可能<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">　　骨癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>固定性、<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性特点，夜间尤甚，且日益加重。当感到腰背、四肢、关节等处<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、肿胀，找不到创伤、炎症、风寒等诱因，就要<span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">睾丸癌<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>常是局部隐痛、胀痛，痛感不是很<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>，手摸睾丸能<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>不对<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>，患侧体积增大，有下坠感。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">参考文献</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">&nbsp;Koo M M , Von Wagner C , Abel G A , et al. Typical and atypical presenting symptoms of breast cancer and their associations with diagnostic intervals: Evidence from a national audit of cancer diagnosis. Cancer Epidemiology, 2017, 48:140-146.</span></p><span style="color: black;">&nbsp;Robert A. Smith, Kimberly S. Andrews, Durado Brooks,等. Cancer screening in the United States, 2019: A review of current American Cancer Society guidelines and current issues in cancer screening. CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 2019, 69(1).</span><span style="color: black;">http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s5878/201909/2cb5dfb5d4f84f8881897e232b376b60.shtml</span><span style="color: black;">http://www.nhc.gov.cn/guihuaxxs/s3585u/201907/e9275fb95d5b4295be8308415d4cd1b2.shtml</span><span style="color: black;">http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s5878/201903/81140f820513439f8a8a57f49f8ae8b7.shtml</span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">部分<span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于网络</p>

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    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">《肿瘤》猜你<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>：</span></strong></span></p>
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    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">2.</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">什么病挂什么科！<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>呼吁：请把这张"表"转给所有人！</a></span></strong></span></span></p>
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    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>

流星的美 发表于 2024-8-29 12:58:35

这篇文章真的让我受益匪浅，外链发布感谢分享！

情迷布拉格 发表于 2024-9-8 08:58:18

“板凳”（第三个回帖的人）‌

qzmjef 发表于 2024-10-8 16:45:36

楼主节操掉了，还不快捡起来！

b1gc8v 发表于 2024-10-12 17:12:43

说得好啊！我在外链论坛打滚这么多年，所谓阅人无数，就算没有见过猪走路，也总明白猪肉是啥味道的。

b1gc8v 发表于 2024-10-17 13:15:04

感谢你的精彩评论，为我的思绪打开了新的窗口。

查看完整版本: 《柳叶刀·肿瘤学》：癌症的初期症状，可能比你想象得还要多！早晓得便是救命！