l14107cb 发表于 2024-6-13 12:32:20

健康科普|泌尿系统最平常的恶性肿瘤


    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">健康知识科普</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">你<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>吗?</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的泌尿系统癌症</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">知识</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">科普</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">健康生活科普</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">膀胱癌<span style="color: black;">指的是</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>在膀胱黏膜上的恶性肿瘤，是泌尿系统最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的恶性肿瘤，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是全身十大<span style="color: black;">平常</span>肿瘤之一，占我国泌尿生殖系肿瘤发病率的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>位。膀胱癌可<span style="color: black;">出现</span>于任何年龄，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>于儿童。其发病率随年龄增长而<span style="color: black;">增多</span>，高发年龄50～70岁，男性膀胱癌发病率为女性的3～4倍。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q1.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240430/827d654a40fa42f08f1134322a2529da.gif" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">导致</span>膀胱癌的<span style="color: black;">原因</span>有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>？</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1.吸烟，吸烟是<span style="color: black;">日前</span>最为肯定的膀胱癌致病危险<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，30%～50%的膀胱癌由吸烟<span style="color: black;">导致</span>，吸烟可使膀胱癌危险率<span style="color: black;">增多</span>2～6倍，随着吸烟时间的延长，膀胱癌的发病率<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">升高</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2. 与致癌物质接触<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>接触苯胺、二氨基联苯、2-萘胺、1-萘胺等这类化学致癌物质，者患膀胱癌的概率<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3.膀胱粘膜局部<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>遭受刺激，慢性炎症刺激膀胱粘膜<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>膀胱癌<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4.遗传<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，家族内有膀胱癌家族史，患膀胱癌概率<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q6.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240430/c2a6ddd3132049cd8de52ecc0d812471.gif" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">膀胱癌的症状</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">01</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">血尿</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q8.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240430/538e400466d04df4ab43d0e83fd84991.gif" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">都数</span>膀胱肿瘤以<span style="color: black;">没</span>痛性肉眼血尿或显微镜下血尿为首发症状，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>表现为间歇性、全程血尿，有时可伴有血块。<span style="color: black;">流血</span>量与血尿<span style="color: black;">连续</span>时间长短，与肿瘤的恶性程度、肿瘤<span style="color: black;">体积</span>、范围和数目有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>关系，但并不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>成正比。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">02</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">排尿困难</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q8.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240430/c2346acc82b0479d8ab17fdfc7e674c6.gif" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">少许</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>因肿瘤<span style="color: black;">很强</span>，或肿瘤<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在膀胱颈部，或血块形成，可<span style="color: black;">导致</span>尿流阻塞，排尿困难甚或<span style="color: black;">显现</span>尿潴留。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">03</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">膀胱刺激征</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">初期</span>膀胱肿瘤较少<span style="color: black;">显现</span>尿路刺激症状，如膀胱肿瘤<span style="color: black;">同期</span>伴有感染，或肿瘤<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在膀胱三角区时，则尿路刺激症状可较早<span style="color: black;">显现</span>。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>，还须<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>尿频、尿急等膀胱刺激症状。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">04</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">上尿路阻塞症状</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">癌肿浸润输尿管口时，<span style="color: black;">导致</span>肾盂是输尿管扩张积水，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>感染，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>腰酸、腰痛、发热等症状。如双侧输尿管口受侵，可<span style="color: black;">出现</span>急性肾衰竭症状。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>预防膀胱癌</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">针对病因采取预防<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，有<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>吸烟与<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>接触工业化学<span style="color: black;">制品</span>是<span style="color: black;">导致</span>膀胱癌的两大致病危险<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>应提倡戒烟，改善染料、橡胶、皮革等工业的生产<span style="color: black;">前提</span>，避免<span style="color: black;">海量</span>、<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">吃下</span>可致癌的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>。<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>食用<span style="color: black;">太多</span>咸而辣的<span style="color: black;">食品</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">导致</span>膀胱癌的<span style="color: black;">食品</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">导致</span>膀胱癌的一个<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>在<span style="color: black;">食品</span>中应减少过热、过期、过冷、变质的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">保持良好的<span style="color: black;">心理</span>应对压力，<span style="color: black;">重视</span>劳逸结合，避免过度疲劳。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>有血尿的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>应高度<span style="color: black;">注意</span>，密切随访，尤其是不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的肉眼血尿，应采取严格的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>膀胱镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>等手段来进行膀胱肿瘤的筛选。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">— END —</p>
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