2018年中国最新癌症数据|十大恶性肿瘤排行榜
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症<span style="color: black;">日前</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">作为</span>了一个<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>性难以治疗的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。而就癌症的发病<span style="color: black;">状况</span>来看,肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌最为多见,约占<span style="color: black;">所有</span>恶性肿瘤的70%—80%。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>癌症已<span style="color: black;">作为</span><span style="color: black;">全世界</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>大致死<span style="color: black;">原因</span>,预计到2020年,每年死于癌症的人数将超过1200万人,75%的人死于癌症。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>在我国癌症发病<span style="color: black;">状况</span>最多的是<span style="color: black;">那些</span>肿瘤?下面香港肿瘤中心专家就为<span style="color: black;">大众</span>科普一下。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">1、</span>肺癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 肺癌是<span style="color: black;">日前</span>发病率最高的癌症。吸烟是致肺癌的<span style="color: black;">第1</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>。环境污染是肺癌的第二<span style="color: black;">原因</span>。有专家曾提出,环境污染对人们肺部的<span style="color: black;">损伤</span>不亚于吸烟。空气污染是诱发肺癌的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>之一。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在<span style="color: black;">海量</span>会<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>肺癌的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>,吸烟是<span style="color: black;">日前</span>世界上最大的一项可预防致癌<span style="color: black;">原因</span>。<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>肺癌死亡人数中有80%—90%<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>吸烟<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的,而<span style="color: black;">经过</span>综合性战略:<span style="color: black;">包含</span>禁止烟草<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>和赞助商、<span style="color: black;">加强</span>烟草税等,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>减少烟草消费。这些<span style="color: black;">干涉</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>能有效降低癌症死亡人数。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 肺癌的治疗以手术、放化疗、生物疗法联合治疗为主。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-91e3e6f500feb004eb653754e289db95_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">2、</span>结直肠癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">近年来结肠癌、直肠癌发病率呈急剧<span style="color: black;">提升</span>趋势,尤其城市<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。与高脂肪、高肉食、低纤维素、低维生素等<span style="color: black;">膳食</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>,因而要提倡健康<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 结肠癌、直肠癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状多不<span style="color: black;">显著</span>,晚期有便血、消瘦、贫血、肿块等症状。结肠癌、直肠癌的治疗,<span style="color: black;">初期</span>以手术为主,辅助以生物治疗或放化疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 晚期以化疗为主,辅以生物治疗。能<span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的生活质量和治愈率。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">3、</span>鼻咽癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">鼻咽癌占恶心肿瘤的31%,鼻咽癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状不<span style="color: black;">显著</span>,其诱<span style="color: black;">由于</span>鼻咽部慢性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>、感染、<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>腌制品等,治疗以放疗结合生物治疗为<span style="color: black;">重点</span>治疗手段,鼻咽癌5年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率约60%。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-8b2a33b4e9ead303e06c738235d9069a_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">4、</span>肝癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 肝癌发病<span style="color: black;">原由</span>有:"乙肝病毒",“丙肝病毒”感染是最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的致肝癌<span style="color: black;">原因</span>;其次食用被黄曲霉素污染的食品是第二诱发<span style="color: black;">原因</span>;<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>饮酒、酒精肝、肝脏代谢性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>、环境污染、化学致癌物、<span style="color: black;">药物</span>的毒副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>等都是<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肝癌<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的直接<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肝癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状仅为偶尔的肝区不适、乏力<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>任何症状。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 肝癌晚期症状:消瘦、黄疸、腹水、肝区痛等症状。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 肝癌的治疗以手术、介入治疗为主,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>生物治疗肝癌效果<span style="color: black;">亦</span>相当<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">5、</span>宫颈癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 死亡率居妇科恶性肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>位。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 宫颈癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>多<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>症状但仍有<span style="color: black;">有些</span>蛛丝马迹如久治不愈的宫颈糜烂、息肉、白斑、宫颈病毒感染等;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">中晚期可出现<span style="color: black;">反常</span>阴道流血、面色暗淡、消瘦、腰背痛、<span style="color: black;">不可</span>久立等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 宫颈癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>治疗以手术为主;中晚期宫颈癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的治疗以手术、放化疗、生物治疗为主,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的生活质量,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>临床治愈率。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-e5df21f9af95ec339b6f3ba16fa51fb8_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">6、</span>乳腺癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">乳腺癌是世界上发病率仅次于肺癌和胃癌的恶性肿瘤,是女性最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的癌症。吃高热量高脂肪的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>、晚婚晚育、精神压力大、乳腺增生等是<span style="color: black;">引起</span>乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>。年龄40—60岁之间、绝经期前后的<span style="color: black;">女性</span>发病率较高。乳腺癌在我国是第7大发病的癌症。乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">能够</span>做到<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的,只要<span style="color: black;">自己</span>按时自己自查就可预防<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。治疗以手术为主,放化疗为辅。近年来<span style="color: black;">起始</span>结合生物治疗,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>取得不错的效果。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">7、</span>胃癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">胃溃疡、慢性胃炎<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是慢性萎缩性胃炎、幽门螺旋杆菌感染等是胃癌的高发<span style="color: black;">原因</span>。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>食用烧烤食品、盐腌<span style="color: black;">食品</span>、加工肉类、烟熏<span style="color: black;">食品</span>、红辣椒等<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是胃癌<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 胃癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状:腹胀、嗳气、消化不良等类似慢性胃炎症状,<span style="color: black;">没</span>特征性临床表现。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">初期</span>胃癌治疗以手术为主,术后结合辅助生物或放化疗等治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">胃癌的晚期症状<span style="color: black;">重点</span>表现为:消瘦、呕血或便血为主,治疗较为困难,以姑息性手术、放化疗联合生物治疗为主,有不错的疗效。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-a865cba84fd3a88c0727ada259478cad_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">8、</span>食道癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 食管癌在我国恶性肿瘤中占22.4%。食管癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状不<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。爱吃较烫、辛辣的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>是<span style="color: black;">引起</span>食管癌<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>,胃酸反流、<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>、吸烟类等<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是诱发食管癌的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">增多</span>食管癌的危险<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 食管癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状不<span style="color: black;">显著</span>,治疗以手术为主,治愈率极高。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">食道癌晚期治疗以手术、放化疗、生物治疗等联合治疗为主。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">9、</span>白血病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 白血病简<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>血癌,其发病<span style="color: black;">原因</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>为:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、化学<span style="color: black;">原因</span>:如新购置的汽车、家具、新装修的住房等与含有<span style="color: black;">海量</span>“苯及其衍生物”等易挥发的工作、生活、学习环境,亚硝酸类物质、保泰松及其衍生物等,治疗癌症的化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>、<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">药物</span>如氯霉素等的毒副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,空气你、水污染等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 2、感染<span style="color: black;">原因</span>:<span style="color: black;">包含</span>病毒感染、细菌感染等微生物感染有可能<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是诱发白血病的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 3、<span style="color: black;">理学</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>:如电磁波手机、电视、<span style="color: black;">没</span>线电发射的电磁波,<span style="color: black;">各样</span>电离辐射如医疗器械CT、核磁共振、X线摄片、X刀等,光辐射<span style="color: black;">包含</span>可见光和不可见光。声波污染、噪音等可听和不可听见的声波<span style="color: black;">害处</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 4、遗传<span style="color: black;">原因</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5、其他<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的合并症等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 白血病<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状<span style="color: black;">没</span>特殊,仅有<span style="color: black;">没</span>力、疲劳感、偶尔的发烧等,晚期症状<span style="color: black;">重点</span>为感染、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>、贫血、消瘦等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 治疗白血病以化疗为主,生物治疗,骨髓移植为辅;化疗毒性大,<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要<span style="color: black;">保持</span>联合生物治疗以预防、减轻<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>消除化疗的毒性反应,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>化疗效果,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>,<span style="color: black;">才可</span>使<span style="color: black;">病人</span>有完成全程化疗的可能性,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>临床治愈率。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-7fb5b715fd24d9d420aee441bc9b1e72_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十、淋巴癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 淋巴瘤俗<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>淋巴癌,其发病<span style="color: black;">原因</span>、治疗基本和白血病<span style="color: black;">类似</span>,就<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>累述。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">香港专家介绍说:“大约40%的癌症是与不良生活方式<span style="color: black;">原因</span>、传<span style="color: black;">患病</span>、感染、环境污染以及环境或职业<span style="color: black;">关联</span><span style="color: black;">害处</span>所<span style="color: black;">导致</span>,这占有一个很大的比例,<span style="color: black;">显示</span>肿瘤癌症<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>潜在的可预防性。”总之,癌症的<span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>个体来讲,有可控<span style="color: black;">原因</span>和不可控<span style="color: black;">原因</span>;不可控<span style="color: black;">原因</span>如空气污染、水污染、食品污染、遗传<span style="color: black;">原因</span>、<span style="color: black;">药物</span>的毒副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>、居住环境的电离辐射等;可控<span style="color: black;">原因</span>个人的生活习惯如吸烟、饮酒、<span style="color: black;">熬炼</span>身体、<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>健康等。愿人类<span style="color: black;">早点</span>战胜癌症、幸福生活!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">随着医疗技术的<span style="color: black;">持续</span>进步,针对癌症的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>在<span style="color: black;">持续</span>地改善。香港医院<span style="color: black;">始终</span>强调以高科技医疗,<span style="color: black;">协同</span>个人化的护理,<span style="color: black;">供给</span>多元化的专科医疗服务。癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>应当<span style="color: black;">加强</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">自信心</span>,积极<span style="color: black;">协同</span>治疗,从而争取理想的治疗效果。</p>
感谢您的精彩评论,为我带来了新的思考角度。
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