宣传文案的创作手段!
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">文/殷志纯</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在当今“酒香<span style="color: black;">亦</span>怕巷子深”的市场经济环境下,蜚声国内外的企业除了要有过硬的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>质量外,还要有成功的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语以<span style="color: black;">创立</span>良好的品牌形象。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>制作者们都竭尽全力地经营语言,让<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语言既真实地反映<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的功能和质量,又能吸引、鼓动受众,从而使消费者达到“欲罢<span style="color: black;">不可</span>”的效果,还能使人从<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>中体味到语言之美。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">众多耳熟能详的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语尽管千差万别,但有一条是<span style="color: black;">一起</span>的,即出色的策划和创意与优美动人的语言融为一体。<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>的威力即来自于<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的质量、策划者的创意和语言的威力。本文从语音、语义、语法三个方面来分析<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语<span style="color: black;">形成</span>的语言手段。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">汉语的同音字(词)非常多,有些字(词)的读音完全相同,但<span style="color: black;">道理</span>却截然相反,作者们非常巧妙利用这一特点制作出许多优美动听、耐人寻味的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>词。众多耳目一新的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,在语音手段的运用上大多采取两种方式,一种是借音,另一种是谐音双关。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">借音是析字辞格中谐音析字的一种,是单纯谐音的,借与被借两者的<span style="color: black;">道理</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>联系。例如: </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(1)赶快下“斑”,请勿“痘”留。(某<span style="color: black;">打扮</span>品<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(2)默默无“蚊”地奉献。(某蚊香<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语)</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(3)天时、地利、仁和(制药厂<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例(1)中,下“斑”借 “下班”的音,“痘”留借“逗留”的“逗”音,比“祛斑除痘”的老套<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>更有创意。例(2)中的默默无“蚊”借用了“默默无闻”的“闻”音,将成语改<span style="color: black;">成为了</span><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,让人一听就深深记住了该<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的功能。例(3)中的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语借用了“天时、地利、人和”这一古语的语音,将“人和”换成“仁和药业”的“仁和”,可谓独具匠心,让人<span style="color: black;">容易</span>地记住了该药业的名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">谐音双关与借音有<span style="color: black;">类似</span>之处,“而内容<span style="color: black;">区别</span>,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>借音是借这音去表那意的,不是双关两意的。”<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>中常用谐音双关,相互<span style="color: black;">相关</span>的两事物之间不仅语音相同,<span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>。例如: </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(4)聪明的妈妈会用“锌”。(葡萄糖酸锌口服液<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语)</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(5)给电脑一颗奔腾的“芯”(处理器<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(6)做足益佰。(制药厂<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例(4)中的用“锌”与用“心”同音,“用心”是集中<span style="color: black;">重视</span>力,多用心力的意思。例(5)中奔腾的“芯”与“奔腾的心”中的“心”谐音,“芯”是计算机的处理器,是计算机的核心<span style="color: black;">构成</span>部分,决定着计算机的运行速度,与“心脏”的“心”有着同等重要的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。例(6)中“益佰”与“一百”谐音。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">语言的经济原则决定了词语的多义性,然而在现实的语言交际中<span style="color: black;">因为</span>特定的语境的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,词语只呈现多种<span style="color: black;">道理</span>中的一种,以<span style="color: black;">保证</span>交际的顺利进行。而<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>为了传达<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的信息,常常有意使一句<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语<span style="color: black;">同期</span>产生多层含义,从而达到理想的宣传效果。在运用语义手段时,有两种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>:一类可<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为语义双关,另一类是换义。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">语义双关<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>利用词语或句子的多义性在特定语境中形成的双关。同一个词语<span style="color: black;">同期</span>有两层意思,且两层意思相互<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。例如: </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(7)一面之交,终生难忘。(面业<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(8)一表人材,一见钟情。(表店<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(9)人类失去联想,世界将会<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>?(电脑<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(10)汽车工业新一代的标志。(汽车<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) <span style="color: black;">举荐</span>阅读:</span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语中的模糊语义!</a></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/eAomzibBwCjaicVDoMyeFFap2bia1wW6S60s2A4zia57RBBjpoBnIWnwLF6gLjNdPElkkKzaEAPkuVqxnzygjdsUZg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例(7)“一面之交,终生难忘”的表层意思是只见过一次面,但<span style="color: black;">一生</span>难以忘记;但该处作者的真实意图是陈克明的面条质量很好,让消费者难以忘怀。这两层意思互为表里、相互映衬。例(8)中“一表人才,一见钟情”的表层意思是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>人的相貌英俊,风度潇洒,让人一见就钟情;而隐含的意思是<span style="color: black;">持有</span>该品牌的钟表就<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">显出</span>英俊潇洒,让人一见就<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>。两层意思巧妙叠加,互相交融。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例(9)表面上是说人类失去了联想的能力,给世界<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的后果将会不可想象;而<span style="color: black;">实质</span>的意思是以此为突破口给联想电脑做<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,以此说明 “联想牌电脑”的巨大功能,<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>消费者<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>的购买欲望。例(10)中以<span style="color: black;">显示</span>特征的<span style="color: black;">暗号</span>这一思维来<span style="color: black;">明显</span>在汽车行业的领先地位。以上语义双关的例子,既为<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>增色,又使消费者得到美的享受,可谓两全其美,各得其所。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">词语都有固定的音、形、义,<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>策划者在<span style="color: black;">保存</span>音、形不变的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下刻意改变词语的约定俗成的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>,巧妙地换成新的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>,让消费者恍然大悟,拍案叫绝。例如: </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(11)实不相瞒,天仙牌的名气是吹出来的。 (电扇<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语)</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(12)不打不相识。(某打字机<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(13)给你好看。(<span style="color: black;">打扮</span>品<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(14)一毛不拔(某牙刷<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语)</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例(11)中“吹出来的”在人们的思维定势中,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是“吹嘘”“吹牛”的意思;但这句<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>词中,“吹”的施事者是天仙牌电扇,“吹”是风扇的惟一功能,既然能吹出名气,自然质量上乘。例(12)“打”在“不打不相识”中只能是“打架”的意思,但策划者在打字机<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>中不露痕迹地将“打人”换<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>“打字”,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>“不打不相识”这则<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>的意思<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就不言自明了。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例(13)中“给你好看”按常规理解是“给点厉害让对方难堪、难受”的意思,但在<span style="color: black;">打扮</span>品<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>中作者巧妙换义为“看着舒服、美观”的意思。例(14)中“一毛不拔”形容吝啬到极点,<span style="color: black;">贬责</span>,但牙刷上的毛能做到一根不掉,说明该牙刷质量非常好,褒义。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,一个词语在一种语境下只显现一种词性,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>一种结构层次。为了给<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语增添亮点,<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>制作人常使词语兼具多种词性<span style="color: black;">或</span>在词语结构上下功夫,使一个词语<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>多个结构层次,产生出多种<span style="color: black;">道理</span>,从而<span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>的促销力。王希杰将这一手段<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为语法双关。</p>
<img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">改变词性 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(15)做<span style="color: black;">女性</span>挺好!</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(16)<span style="color: black;">想要</span>皮肤好,早晚用大宝。(大宝<span style="color: black;">打扮</span>品<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例(15)中“挺好”可理解为“很好”,其中“挺”是一个程度副词;<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>有意使“挺好”产生另一种结构层次,<span style="color: black;">作为</span>主谓短语,即“挺”<span style="color: black;">作为</span>形容词,做该主谓短语的主语,借此<span style="color: black;">表现</span>出<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的功效。例(16)中,“早晚”可做名词,<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>“早晨和<span style="color: black;">夜晚</span>”,表达的是<span style="color: black;">运用</span>大宝的时间;“早晚”<span style="color: black;">这里</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是个副词,<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>“或早或晚”,<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>迟早都要用大宝的意思。</p>
<img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">改变结构 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(17)晚报,不晚报 (某晚报的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(18)<span style="color: black;">第1</span>流<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,为足下争光(某鞋油<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(19)开开衬衫,领袖风采 (某衬衫<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例(17)用了两个“晚报”,<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个是名词,是对“下午出版的报纸”的通<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>,其中“报”是一个名词,是“报纸”的意思;第二个“晚报”是一个状中短语,是“推迟<span style="color: black;">报告</span>”的意思,其中“报”做动词,是“<span style="color: black;">报告</span>”的意思。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">举荐</span>阅读:</span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">数字!在<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>语中的运用</a></span></span><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例(18)中“为足下争光”,“足下”的常规形式是做名词,是对他人的敬<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>;此处<span style="color: black;">同期</span>双关偏正短语“足下”,即“脚底下”的意思,<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>该鞋油能使脚下穿的鞋子变得光亮。例(19)中“领袖”本来是“领导人”的意思,是一个名词,<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>“穿上该衬衫,就有领导人<span style="color: black;">同样</span>的风采”;“领袖”又<span style="color: black;">能够</span>理解成<span style="color: black;">详细</span>的<span style="color: black;">做为</span>衬衫的<span style="color: black;">构成</span>部分的领子和袖子,<span style="color: black;">这般</span>“领袖”变<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>一个并列结构的名词词组。</p>
<img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
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