esc0rp 发表于 2024-8-7 19:02:24

SCI论文各部分的写作原则:你必要晓得的“招数”


    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本篇给<span style="color: black;">大众</span>讲解SCI论文各部分的写作原则,当然<span style="color: black;">亦</span>少不了<span style="color: black;">有些</span>例句模板,方便<span style="color: black;">大众</span>套用在自己的论文写作中。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本篇<span style="color: black;">重点</span>讲解题目、摘要和引言,下篇将<span style="color: black;">重点</span>讲Materials and Methods、Discussion、results!</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/images01/20240806/fe4a37a26dd94a71bb67049b18cc8fb7.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">题目和摘要</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">首要</span>会讲到SCI论文中最重要的两部分的写作——<strong style="color: blue;">题目和摘要</strong>。<span style="color: black;">为何</span>说这两部分重要,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>这是必看的两部分内容。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>自己看paper的时候都有体会,搜到一篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>,先<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>题目,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>决定要不要继续看摘要,再<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>摘要,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>决定是立刻抛弃之找下一篇,还是下载下来<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>里面有<span style="color: black;">无</span>什么有用的内容。<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>SCI杂志的编辑和审稿人<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>收到一个稿子,先<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>题目,就会对这个<span style="color: black;">文案</span>有个初步的判断,再<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>摘要,基本就能决定是拒稿还是审稿了,至于正文部分,当然<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是很重要的,只<span style="color: black;">不外</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>题目和摘要没写好,正文部分可能就没机会露脸了</strong>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">由此<span style="color: black;">能够</span>推理出来,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>写SCI论文的时候,最<span style="color: black;">注重</span>和<span style="color: black;">必须</span>花费最多时间精力的<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是这两部分;这并不<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要最后写这两部分内容,而<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>要<strong style="color: blue;">反复修改和斟酌题目和摘要的内容和语句</strong>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">到底</span>要<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>写题目和摘要呢?<span style="color: black;">首要</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>这两部分存在的目的,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>对自己<span style="color: black;">科研</span>工作的高度提炼,以便能吸引读者眼球。<strong style="color: blue;">其中题目是<span style="color: black;">文案</span>结果的精华,而摘要是整篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的总结。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>是不是把题目写的越高级越好呢?当然不是!</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>来看<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的题目:The role of p53 in tumor suppression.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这种题目<span style="color: black;">做为</span>综述<span style="color: black;">文案</span>都太大了,在数据库中起码能搜出上万篇<span style="color: black;">关联</span><span style="color: black;">文案</span>,不是大牛<span style="color: black;">专家</span>写综述的时候千万不要这么写。<strong style="color: blue;">正确的做法是把其中的细节写出来</strong>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span>读者就能从题目初步<span style="color: black;">认识</span>你做了什么样的实验。值得<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是“The”<span style="color: black;">通常</span>不放在题目开头,不是语法问题,只是惯用方式,不写“The”<span style="color: black;">能够</span>给人比较会写<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的印象~~</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">另一种极端的做法是把题目写的<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>无比,这当然<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是不对的。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>呢,虽然题目是为了精炼结果而写,<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>像描述结果那样写的无比<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>总结成综述题目<span style="color: black;">同样</span>的短语。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要适当充实题目的内容,把<span style="color: black;">文案</span>中最有创新性的部分点出来充实到什么样的程度最好,其实<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">文案</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>分析,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>题目确实是一篇论文最难写的部分。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">摘要部分<span style="color: black;">一样</span>是<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的精华部分,<span style="color: black;">区别</span>于题目要<span style="color: black;">按照</span>实验<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>问题<span style="color: black;">详细</span>分析,摘要部分的写法是有<span style="color: black;">招数</span>和模板的,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>老师在讲文献的时候曾经介绍过的1+1+n+1+1的写作<span style="color: black;">招数</span>:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1句简要的背景介绍(<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的大背景<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>等);</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1句进行本<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>(这一<span style="color: black;">行业</span>中的<span style="color: black;">那些</span>方面还<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>清楚等</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">n句总结实验结果:以Here, we sought to identify//In this study, we done xxx<span style="color: black;">起始</span>。描述几个<span style="color: black;">重点</span>结果,n = 3-5句话;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1句总结结论:Our studies demonstrate that ….. //Taken together,we identify …...总结结论时态要用<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>时;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1句强调<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>:<span style="color: black;">实质</span>应用永远是最好的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>,<span style="color: black;">不外</span>吹牛不要吹过头,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>实在和应用扯不上边,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>写<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的工作对后续<span style="color: black;">科研</span>有<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>的贡献等.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这儿</span>虽然给<span style="color: black;">大众</span>例举几个写作原则,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>避免<span style="color: black;">文案</span>被直接拒稿的悲惨命运,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>要写出吸引人和精彩的题目和摘要,反复斟酌用词用句才是王道!</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/images01/20240806/0f2f86f5561f44c28a279b7cc375d614.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">Introduction</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Introduction,论文的背景介绍<span style="color: black;">亦</span>叫引言,是写在实验结果前面的一段文字。有童鞋可能对这部分内容不屑一顾:肯定有人觉得自己看paper就从来不看这一段的,结果部分才是看<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的重点嘛,引言看起来<span style="color: black;">那样</span>啰嗦,那<span style="color: black;">必定</span>就不重要啦,随便写写好了。<span style="color: black;">并不</span>然!前言是论文的开场白,目的是向读者说明本<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的来龙去脉,吸引读者对本篇论文产生兴趣,对正文起到提纲掣领和引导阅读兴趣的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是编辑和审稿人评判一篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>水平的依据,<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>阅读引言部分评判一篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>和创新性。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>写好这一部分内容既是整篇SCI论文写作的难点,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是把自己的工作推销给更好水平SCI杂志的机遇。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>,当你写SCI论文的时候千万<span style="color: black;">不可</span>随便写写了,这部分内容的写作是炫耀自己<span style="color: black;">研究</span>水平的绝佳机会。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">要写好 Introduction,最重要的是要保持鲜明的层次感和极强的<span style="color: black;">规律</span>性,这两点是紧密结的,即在符合<span style="color: black;">规律</span>性的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上<span style="color: black;">创立</span>层层递进的关系。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">到底</span>要<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>写introduction呢?<span style="color: black;">首要</span>应该<span style="color: black;">知道</span>几个基本问题:你想<span style="color: black;">经过</span>一篇论文说明什么问题?这个论文有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>新的<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>?有什么样的实践<span style="color: black;">道理</span>?让读者读了引言,就能清楚地<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>作者<span style="color: black;">为何</span>进行这个<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,还有<span style="color: black;">为何</span>这篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>值得<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>看下去。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,在写引言之前,要尽可能多地<span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>的内容,收集前人和别人已有工作的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>资料,完善<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>将要写出来<span style="color: black;">发布</span>的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>内容的<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>性。Introduction的写作<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是有<span style="color: black;">招数</span>和模板,即 a+b+c+d写法。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"> a. <span style="color: black;">指的是</span>所在<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">行业</span>的介绍, <span style="color: black;">科研</span>大背景</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>肿瘤<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">文案</span>中<span style="color: black;">便是</span>某种<span style="color: black;">详细</span>cancer的背景介绍。<span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的严重程度,临床治疗难度,对其进行<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的必要性和紧迫性等等。常用的句式有:xx tumor is a leading cause of cancer mortality in .../The high mortality rate of xx tumor is in part due to lack of early detection of xx cancer marker/Resistance to existing the rapies in xx tumor is a major problem in xx field.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">b. <span style="color: black;">指的是</span>细化的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">行业</span>介绍</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>课题<span style="color: black;">触及</span>到的信号通路在<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>中<span style="color: black;">发展</span>的介绍,<span style="color: black;">或</span>你要<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的基因在某种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>中以前有<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>的<span style="color: black;">报告</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,这些内容都是进行一项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">所说</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>内容的<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>性。常用的句式有:One signaling pathway that has been a focus of active research in xxx disease is xxx/Previous reports showed that xxx pathway is involved in the regulation of xxx disease via xxx protein/xxx binding to xxx receptor(promoter) causes downstream activation ofthe xxx signaling, resulting in xxx disease.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">c. <span style="color: black;">指的是</span>针对文中提及的概念进行介绍</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">前人工作<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>功能,你的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>又和别人工作有<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>等等,指出别人工作的不足和缺陷在哪里。常用的句式有:Extensive studies have focused on the role of xxx in xxx signaling pathway, however, some recent findings suggested that xxx might be involved in another important pathway/Although xxx was reported to play a role in xxx progress, the down stream signaling mechanisms were not fully understood.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">d. <span style="color: black;">指的是</span>对自己工作内容的小结</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">讲述<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>了什么,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的工作<span style="color: black;">道理</span>在哪里。不是简单的复制摘要,<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的强调工作<span style="color: black;">道理</span>。常用的句式有:In the present study,we identified xxx/Our studies demon strated that..., indicating that targeting xxx as a potential the rapeutic strategy for xxx disease.让Introduction再上一城虽然<span style="color: black;">因为</span>篇幅<span style="color: black;">原由</span>所能例举的句式有限,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>内容和写作重点<span style="color: black;">便是</span>这些,只要把这些方面的内容写全了,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一段中规中矩的introduction了。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>我<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>大多童鞋是不甘于平庸的,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>应该怎么写<span style="color: black;">才可</span>让自己的<span style="color: black;">文案</span>更上一层楼呢?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">论文整体<span style="color: black;">道理</span>的升华</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">常看CNS的童鞋们应该<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>,主流高分SCI论文那是只<span style="color: black;">发布</span>有创新性<span style="color: black;">或</span>前沿<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果的,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<span style="color: black;">想要</span>让自己的课题<span style="color: black;">发布</span>在更好的杂志上,最重要的一步<span style="color: black;">便是</span>把自己的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>凸显出来。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>你的课题刚好是热点<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>内容,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>好办了。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>做肿瘤,就强调肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">害处</span>,治疗的难点,总归是要表达这病太严重了,急需<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>来<span style="color: black;">科研</span>它的机制、探索治疗办法啊,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>才<span style="color: black;">显出</span>咱这课题有<span style="color: black;">道理</span>不是~~~再<span style="color: black;">例如</span>你做了很高级的CRISPR/Cas9,这东东<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>人人都在用,为了避免落入俗套,你就得先说说这技术的<span style="color: black;">优良</span>在哪,为嘛你要用它,有<span style="color: black;">无</span>什么改良,好处在哪,总归<span style="color: black;">不可</span>白用了高级的技术,要<span style="color: black;">经过</span>强调CRISPR的重要性,凸显你的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的重要性,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>论文的整体<span style="color: black;">道理</span>自然得到了升华。有童鞋担心万一不巧我的课题不是热点<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的东东肿么办?<span style="color: black;">此时</span>候<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>放弃这部分的追求,一个课题之<span style="color: black;">因此</span>存在总是有<span style="color: black;">道理</span>的,即使<span style="color: black;">无</span>牵扯某种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>为人类探索未知世界作出贡献。<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>仍然要<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>强调自己<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的客观<span style="color: black;">道理</span>,<span style="color: black;">或</span>寻找有<span style="color: black;">潜能</span>的应用<span style="color: black;">道理</span>等。(其他专业的<span style="color: black;">研究</span>人员<span style="color: black;">能够</span>此类比)</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">挑选介绍前人的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>成果</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>不常写SCI论文的人经常会犯的一个写作错误<span style="color: black;">便是</span>,把前人<span style="color: black;">科研</span>成果写的太啰嗦(这<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>童鞋不爱看introduction部分的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>吧)。<span style="color: black;">这般</span>写的后果<span style="color: black;">便是</span>,容易给审稿人错觉,认为你的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>别人都做过了嘛,<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>创新性了啊,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>就会低看了你的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>成果,<span style="color: black;">这般</span>一篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>就没法<span style="color: black;">发布</span>在满意的杂志上了。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,介绍前人<span style="color: black;">科研</span>成果的挑选非常重要。这个挑选过程有个原则<span style="color: black;">便是</span>趋利避害。<span style="color: black;">例如</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>总会搜到<span style="color: black;">有些</span>跟自己<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>的<span style="color: black;">文案</span>,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>它们其实<span style="color: black;">无</span>做的很好很系统,只是<span style="color: black;">说到</span>了某个<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>想讲的点,可能<span style="color: black;">发布</span>的杂志连SCI都<span style="color: black;">无</span>进。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,不要担心<span style="color: black;">哪些</span><span style="color: black;">文案</span>会影响你的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的创新性,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>它们的数据质量很差,那在写引言的时候<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">不消</span>提及,审稿人明白这些<span style="color: black;">文案</span>没什么<span style="color: black;">道理</span>的;<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>这些<span style="color: black;">文案</span>确实和你的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果有重叠,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>就在写作时候弱化这些内容,简单提及一下,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>重点强调你的工作和<span style="color: black;">她们</span>工作的<span style="color: black;">区别</span>,重点讲出你的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>补全了哪个<span style="color: black;">科研</span>空白,并且针对这一空白强调你的工作的创新之处。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">为了让<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的paper发在更好的杂志上,其要点<span style="color: black;">便是</span>凸显<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>和创新性。<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的<span style="color: black;">道理</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>对疾病的讲解和应用前景的展望来升华。创新性则<span style="color: black;">必须</span>introduction的技巧实现,对自己有利的内容多写<span style="color: black;">有些</span>,<span style="color: black;">有害</span>的内容语气弱化<span style="color: black;">有些</span>,都能<span style="color: black;">最后</span>达到升华<span style="color: black;">文案</span>novelty的<span style="color: black;">最后</span><span style="color: black;">目的</span>。写好Introduction的<span style="color: black;">重视</span>点Introduction<span style="color: black;">一样</span>要<span style="color: black;">保准</span>简洁,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>其<span style="color: black;">中间商</span>绍别人工作时只需介绍和自己最<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的方面 (very relevant),而对自己的工作介绍<span style="color: black;">不消</span>说明细节,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>这个要放到<span style="color: black;">文案</span>本体中去,一篇好的Introduction要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>以下几点:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">指出当前<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的不足,引导出自己<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的重要性</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在叙述前人成果之后,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>用However来引导不足,提出一种新<span style="color: black;">办法</span>或新方向。如:However, little information little attention/ little work/ little data/ little research……has(have) been done on (focused on/attempted to/ conducted/ investigated/studied (with respect to).<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>的little<span style="color: black;">能够</span>换成意思相近的few, none等等。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">若是<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>和方向与前人<span style="color: black;">同样</span>时,可<span style="color: black;">经过</span>以下方式强调自己工作:However, data isstill scarce(rare, less accurate),We need to(aim to, have to) provide more documents(data,records, studies, increase the dataset). Further studies are still necessary(essential)…… 强调自己<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的重要性,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>还要在However之前介绍与自己<span style="color: black;">科研</span>问题相反或<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的问题。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>:(1)时间问题;(2)<span style="color: black;">科研</span>手段问题;(3)<span style="color: black;">科研</span>区域问题;(4)不确定性;(5)提出自己的假设来验证。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>你<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的问题在时间上比较新,你可<span style="color: black;">海量</span>提<span style="color: black;">即时</span>间较老问题的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>及重要性,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>”However”<span style="color: black;">显示</span>“对时间尺度比较新的问题<span style="color: black;">科研</span>不足”;<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是一种新的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>手段或<span style="color: black;">科研</span>方向,你可提出当前流行的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>”However”说对你所<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的方向<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>甚少;<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">触及</span>区域问题,就先总结相邻区域或其它区域的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>”However”强调这一区域的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>不足;虽然前人对某一问题<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>,但<span style="color: black;">日前</span>有两种或<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>种观点,这种uncertainties或 ambiguities值得进一步澄清;<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>自己的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>是全新的,<span style="color: black;">无</span>前人的工作可对比,你就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>自信地说“<span style="color: black;">按照</span>假设提出的过程,存在这种可能的结果,本文<span style="color: black;">便是</span>要证实这种结果”等等。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">知道</span>圈定自己的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>范围</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Introduction的另一个<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>告诉读者(<span style="color: black;">包含</span>审稿人),你<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>内容。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>处理<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>,审稿人会提出严厉的<span style="color: black;">意见</span>,比如你<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>某种可能性,某种<span style="color: black;">科研</span>手段等。为减少这种争论,在前言的结尾就<span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">知道</span>提出本文<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的范围时间尺度、<span style="color: black;">科研</span>区域等。如<span style="color: black;">触及</span>较长的时序,你可<span style="color: black;">知道</span>提出本文只关心某一特<span style="color: black;">按时</span>间范围的问题,We preliminarily focus on the older (younger)……如有两种时间尺度 (long-term and shortterm),你可说两者都重要,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>本文只<span style="color: black;">触及</span>其中一种。<span style="color: black;">科研</span>区域的问题,和时间问题<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>需<span style="color: black;">知道</span>提出你只关心某一特定区域!</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">招数</span>提示:前面还是show文献,相比于第二段笼统的说基因A的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>,更<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的是<span style="color: black;">按照</span>自己的实验结果侧重指出在这方面文献的不足,最后详略得当地描述了自己将要进行的工作(results中重要的结论拎出<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>嘛)</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">Tips:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">必须</span>记住的Introduction写作原则通读<span style="color: black;">检测</span>思路<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>清楚,<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>和大框架契合?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">由大背景<span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>内容,过渡<span style="color: black;">是不是</span><span style="color: black;">安稳</span>(有<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>铺垫忽然冒出的概念/名词等)?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">层次<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>清晰(<span style="color: black;">有没有</span>前后重复谈一个问题)?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">对文献描述<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>客观和完整(不在客观表述文献的行文中夹杂个人的评论)?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">结构<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>紧密,删除和主题无关或很间接的文字?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">转折(however)后,<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>到位地指出了文献的不足,以及详略得当地描述了自己将要进行的工作?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本篇将<span style="color: black;">重点</span>讲Materials and Methods、Discussion、results,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>和上期<span style="color: black;">同样</span>讲解SCI论文各部分的写作原则,当然<span style="color: black;">亦</span>少不了<span style="color: black;">有些</span>例句模板,方便<span style="color: black;">大众</span>套用在自己的论文写作中。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/images01/20240806/0f2f86f5561f44c28a279b7cc375d614.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">Materials and Methods</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">童鞋们大学时候都写过实验报告吧,论文的材料和<span style="color: black;">办法</span>部分就相当于实验报告,一是介绍实验对象和实验资料,另一方面则是写清楚实验<span style="color: black;">办法</span>和数据处理的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">SCI论文<span style="color: black;">必须</span>材料和<span style="color: black;">办法</span>这一部分内容,是为了<span style="color: black;">保准</span>实验结果的可重复性,便于同行及读者对你的实验结果进行检测和引用,这<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">保准</span>一篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的数据<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>性的重要论据。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,虽然这部分内容在<span style="color: black;">全部</span>SCI论文写作中是最容易写一部分,<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是非常必要和<span style="color: black;">必须</span>严肃对待的一部分内容。<span style="color: black;">所说</span>严肃对待<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>保持写paper的一贯态度;<span style="color: black;">所说</span>最容易写嘛,当然是<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>和材料部分可以<span style="color: black;">经过</span>参考其他论文中的成型的描述语句进行写作,加入自己的实验参数,略加修改<span style="color: black;">就可</span>。<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>不要原封不动的照抄其他<span style="color: black;">文案</span>,语句<span style="color: black;">次序</span>什么的改一改就<span style="color: black;">不消</span>担心被杂志查重了。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>要怎么写材料<span style="color: black;">办法</span>的内容呢?材料部分要介绍清楚实验对象的<span style="color: black;">选择</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>和实验对象的<span style="color: black;">源自</span>、特征,既<span style="color: black;">能够</span>估计抽样误差,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>让读者<span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">文案</span>内容和结论的<span style="color: black;">运用</span>范围。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">常用句式:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">XXX cell lines were obtained from xxx and cultured under standard condition containing xxx medium supplemented with xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Xxx mice were purchased from xxx company/provided by xxx laboratory. Mice were maintained and genotyped as previously described (reference). Approval for the use of mice was obtained from xxx ethic committee for laboratory animals.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在<span style="color: black;">办法</span>中要介绍清楚每种实验的设计<span style="color: black;">方法</span>,用了什么样的试剂,每一<span style="color: black;">过程</span>处理时间,操作手法等等。最后还有必不可少的statistical analysis部分,写出数据处理的盲选法、<span style="color: black;">测绘</span>指标及判断差异结果的标准等等。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">常用句式:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Primary xxx culture were prepared from xxx tissue and seeded on glass coverslips coated with xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Antibodies specific to A (name, dilution, company) and B (name, dilution, company) were applied in according to xxx protocol.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">For histological analysis, cells were fixed with xxx and stained against xxx (dye or antibody, dilution, company).</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Quantitative analysis was performed using xxx test if not otherwise stated. The level of significance was set at *P &lt; 0.05. Error bar represent +/-SEM.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>完全采纳了一种以前<span style="color: black;">发布</span>过的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,在材料与<span style="color: black;">办法</span>的写作中,一笔带过<span style="color: black;">就可</span>。在写作时就直接写:XXX activity was detected according to the previous method (Tom et al, the journal of xxx, 2015)。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是部分采纳,而有适度修改时,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>写作:XXX activity was detected according to the previous method (Tom et al, the journal of xxx, 2015) with slight modification. Briefly, xxx(<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>简述你的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>并写出其中<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>的部分<span style="color: black;">就可</span>)。<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>写:In this report, a modified protocol based on the method reported by Tom et al was used. Briefly, xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">总之,SCI论文中材料与<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span>做到实事求是、一一交代,<span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>证明你<span style="color: black;">文案</span>中的数据的准确性和实验的<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>性,千万<span style="color: black;">不可</span>弄虚作假。这部分除了你的同行不太有人会看,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>,同行是个可怕的生物(竞争啊竞争,此处脑补一万字。。。。),被同行<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>错误后果是很严重的。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,老师能给<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>的小技巧是<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有不想写的内容<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>少写,<span style="color: black;">或</span>写的不是很<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>写下来的<span style="color: black;">必定</span>是非常正确的实验<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。<span style="color: black;">不外</span>,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>不巧被审稿人问到某一部分的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,那就只能<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>写的全面<span style="color: black;">有些</span>了。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">我相信只要真的<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>做了<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,审稿人<span style="color: black;">必定</span>能从<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的字里行间体会出来,你的工作和付出必然会得到相应的<span style="color: black;">报答</span>。让<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">一块</span>加油!</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/images01/20240806/0f2f86f5561f44c28a279b7cc375d614.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">results</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>SCI论文而言,<strong style="color: blue;">实验结果部分真的是其中的重中之重</strong>,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>用introduction包装<span style="color: black;">文案</span>所讲的故事,升华<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>,都是为了向读者更好的讲述实验结果而服务的。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,今天<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>说results部分的常用句式。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">结果部分的写作是SCI论文写作的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>步,单从英文写作的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>讲这部分很容易写,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要做的只是要去描述实验结果,这一部分只<span style="color: black;">必须</span>一种时态——过去时。在结果描述的过程中,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>还<span style="color: black;">必须</span>分段总结实验结果,使每段内容的含义更好的被理解,这些总结的语句<span style="color: black;">通常</span>用<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>时。结果部分还<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>承上启下的连接语句,<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">弥补</span>introduction中没讲完全的内容时,其时态<span style="color: black;">必须</span>单独分析。下面老师分别针对这三部分内容给童鞋们写<span style="color: black;">有些</span>例句。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">下面这些<span style="color: black;">便是</span>描述结果部分的常用句式了:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">xxx experiment was performed to identify/demonstrate xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Decreased mRNA/protein levels of xxx were observed in xxx</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">mRNA analysis of xxx, showed significant increases of xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">To explore the function of xxx, we did xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">RT-PCR analysis showed a higher expression level of xxx mRNA in xxx than in xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">xxx treatment affected something, indicating the role for xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Drug A application increased xxx</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">This finding was consistent with the previous finding that xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Our data demonstrated that xxx plays a role in xxx</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Ligation and puncture in mice resulted in xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">The number of cells surrounding the xxx was increased.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在描述实验结果的时候,为了表达<span style="color: black;">有些</span>分子<span style="color: black;">或</span>蛋白水平的改变,最常用的词<span style="color: black;">便是</span>increase和decrease,<span style="color: black;">不外</span>increase和decrease最好不要出<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>同一句子中。那么<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>表达“xxx表达的<span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">由于</span>某种处理而下降”呢,<span style="color: black;">此时</span>候<span style="color: black;">能够</span>恰当<span style="color: black;">运用</span>高级词汇:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">The increase in the expression of xxx was abrogated upon xxx treatment.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">The elevation in the expression of xxx was decreased upon xxx treatment.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">为了让<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的结果<span style="color: black;">更易</span>被理解,最好每一小段文字的结尾都有一句总结的文字,顺便还<span style="color: black;">能够</span>解释一下实验结果说明了什么:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Therefore, the goal of this study is to demonstrate xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Thus, xxx signaling pathway could be a novel target for the treatment of xxx</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">These results suggest that xxx mediates xxx and the subsequent downstream signaling events.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Taken together, our data indicate that xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">除了描述结果和总结结果,在结果部分还<span style="color: black;">必须</span>用<span style="color: black;">有些</span>承上启下的语句,其目的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>把各个部分的结果连接起来,让<span style="color: black;">全部</span>结果部分变成一个连贯的整体,就<span style="color: black;">好似</span>在讲一个完整的故事<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,<span style="color: black;">这般</span>才方便读者阅读理解。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">常用的句式和段落承接<span style="color: black;">办法</span>有:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Previous report that xxx, led us to assess the effect of xxx on xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">We next asked whether xxx was required for xxx process.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Having shown that xxx, we thus speculate that xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">According to the finding that xxx, one may note that xxx, so we performed xxx experiment.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Having demonstrated that, we investigated that xxx.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">To discover additional xxx, we conducted xxx experiment.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这些<span style="color: black;">便是</span>SCI论文结果部分的常用句式了,<span style="color: black;">熟悉</span><span style="color: black;">把握</span>这些句式的应用,把自己的data变成results那是妥妥的。当然只会写这些句式还是<span style="color: black;">不足</span>的,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>结果部分,更重要的是<span style="color: black;">针对</span>实验结果的理解,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>说在“our data indicate that xxx”中,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>所展示的data要和<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>得出的结论相吻合。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">Discussion</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">接下<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>说最难写的discussion部分的写作。讨论部分是用于说明结果的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>,并且强<span style="color: black;">调节</span>个工作对所在<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的贡献。即使是对<span style="color: black;">有些</span>功力深厚的老教授<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,这部分仍然是块硬骨头,尤其是想发高水平的<span style="color: black;">文案</span>(CNS及其子刊等等),Discussion非常重要,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>审阅你<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的人,都是世界顶级的大牛,想要取悦<span style="color: black;">她们</span>并树立<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>自己的见解,相对来讲就更难写了。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">今天不妨给<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>两种写法:中庸的写法(针对3-5分的SCI)&amp; 高水平写法(针对高分SCI),<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>自己的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>择其一而攻之。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>中庸的写法</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">分别针对每一段结果进行总结并强调<span style="color: black;">道理</span>,给出结论;<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">专题</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>讨论,就挑重点进行讨论,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>和前人的其他<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果有<span style="color: black;">区别</span>意见的时候,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>比较两个<span style="color: black;">科研</span>工作的<span style="color: black;">区别</span>,<span style="color: black;">明显</span>自己工作的科学性和<span style="color: black;">优良</span>,<span style="color: black;">最后</span><span style="color: black;">明显</span>自己的结论。<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是,讨论部分<span style="color: black;">不该</span><span style="color: black;">太多</span><span style="color: black;">陈列</span>和重复结果部分内容,这是常犯的错误,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>感觉没什么可说的,就重复结果来充数,即使是小<span style="color: black;">文案</span>,<span style="color: black;">这般</span>写<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会让编辑和审稿人感到反感。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>在没什么可讨论的时候,怎么<span style="color: black;">才可</span>及格交差呢?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>把讨论部分当成作文来写,分为四段写作:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)类似本文的观点<span style="color: black;">科研</span>概况,与introduction类似,但更<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>,不要直接复制引言部分,即使是重复的内容<span style="color: black;">亦</span>改变一下语句。段末总结一下说这是本文<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的立题依据等等。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)<span style="color: black;">文案</span>结果的<span style="color: black;">有些</span>解释,尤其是新的结果,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>解释目的是将<span style="color: black;">文案</span>串起来。<span style="color: black;">这儿</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>再分为几个小段,它们之间是平行或递进的关系;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3)针对<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的核心新意进行讨论,分析与前人结果的异同(关键点);</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4)小结一下整篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的结论或指出<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>进一步<span style="color: black;">科研</span>(<span style="color: black;">能够</span>用来回避编辑和审稿人的提问),不要过头,不要提出<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>宏伟的计划或不<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>的内容,容易招致反感。<span style="color: black;">重视</span>结论是整篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>的点睛之笔,应避免过度阐释(over-interpretation),结论<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要和实验结果相吻合,<span style="color: black;">也</span>不要过分强调<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的影响力。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>高水平写法</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">所说</span>高水平,<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要讨论的不是一个结果说明了什么,而是一个结果对<span style="color: black;">行业</span>内一个科学问题的认识和看法产生了什么变化。猫老师<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是随便一个其他<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的<span style="color: black;">文案</span>,让我写高水平的discussion那是绝对写不出来的。<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>,你要对<span style="color: black;">全部</span><span style="color: black;">行业</span>有深刻的<span style="color: black;">认识</span>,<span style="color: black;">才可</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span>一篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>讨论什么样的<span style="color: black;">专题</span>最高级。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>说你<span style="color: black;">科研</span>了一个分子,<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>它是<span style="color: black;">控制</span>癌症的,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>它以前被<span style="color: black;">报告</span>是促进癌症的,<span style="color: black;">此时</span>候<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>只围绕该分子是不是<span style="color: black;">控制</span>癌症进行讨论那<span style="color: black;">便是</span>很<span style="color: black;">通常</span>的discusstion写作,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>能从它的拓扑结构,<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>的信号通路,<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的生化反应的诱发契机等方面讨论,才有可能是一篇高水平的讨论,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>它能为读者带来思路上的启示。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">讨论部分的语句<span style="color: black;">能够</span>用下面这些句式:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">起始</span>部分,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>开门见山:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Here, we describe...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">In this paper, we show that...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Importantly,..., suggesting...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">下面是<span style="color: black;">有些</span>常用的短语和句式:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Overall, our studies establish the...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Although there are important discoveries revealed by these studies,there are also limitations. First,...Second,...Third,...Fourth,...Last,...Overall,...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Furthermore, our results suggest that...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Our results suggest a possibility of...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">One important future direction of ...is...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">To this end, we show that...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">However, none of these approaches to date holds the...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Our studies serve as a proof-of-concept that...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">This could explain why...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Alternatively, ...,may be operative...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Thus, future iterations of ..., may in fact demonstrate even greaterpotency of xxx</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">On the other hand, the lack of...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">In summary, we have identified…</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Our results confirm that...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">These studies thus offer a new strategy to treat...</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">总之,要写的高级<span style="color: black;">不易</span>,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>要写的中庸却简单的很,只要围绕<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">目的</span>及假说<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>地阐述<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果,避免实验结果的简单复述和<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">实质</span>数据证明的言过其实的内容,就妥妥的了。先把<span style="color: black;">通常</span>的写法拿下,经过经验和心得的<span style="color: black;">累积</span>,离更上一层楼还会远么?</p>
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流星的美 发表于 2024-9-9 00:52:57

楼主果然英明!不得不赞美你一下!
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