端午节&儿童节：黎明即起，洒扫庭除，可千万别忘了儿童房！
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">整理：杨亚红</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">团队：SIFIC编辑团队</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“玉粽袭香千舸竞，艾叶黄酒可驱邪。骑父稚子香囊佩，粉俏媳妇把景撷。”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在端午节，家家都洒扫庭除，以菖蒲、艾条插于门眉，悬于堂中；并用菖蒲、艾叶、榴花、蒜头、龙船花，制成人形或虎形的艾人、艾虎，或制成花环、佩饰，<span style="color: black;">漂亮</span>芬芳，妇人争相佩戴，用以驱瘴。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">小<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>佩带的香包，内有朱砂、雄黄、香药，外包以丝布，再以五色丝线弦扣成索，作<span style="color: black;">各样</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>形状，玲珑夺目，<span style="color: black;">不仅</span>有避邪驱蚊虫之意，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>有襟头点缀之风。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/QvKgKBVYILEibBfjF3I4NUKlKUKQv7PPgibkL4ES9Ma8E9qBicsoAZFrK6ZTynERYuxQcaobpsAtgTs4CibiakAkI0A/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">沉浸在喜庆的节日里，洒扫庭除的时候，家长们有<span style="color: black;">无</span>关注过<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>儿童房的环境呢？</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当今世界，空气污染<span style="color: black;">始终</span>是关注的焦点问题之一。空气污染不仅指的是<span style="color: black;">外边</span>公共活动环境下的空气污染，还<span style="color: black;">包含</span>室内空气污染。在<span style="color: black;">平常</span>生活中有很大一部分人是<span style="color: black;">必要</span>在室内工作生活的，一天平均有80％的时间是在室内度过的，其中老人和儿童在室内活动时间更长。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">近年来<span style="color: black;">相关</span>儿童因装修污染致病的案例屡见报端。儿童房的装修过程中，装饰材料、<span style="color: black;">各样</span>家具以及油漆涂料<span style="color: black;">常常</span>会释放出甲醛和苯等有害气体。这些有害气体是<span style="color: black;">引起</span>儿童上<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>道感染、白血病等的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>。室内空气污染还可<span style="color: black;">导致</span>皮肤过敏。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/QvKgKBVYILEibBfjF3I4NUKlKUKQv7PPgtxcwW4X4JdPphYVaLMFqJITbwpk1lFD0HEOB1QIXy8ic8t4HLZsPMQg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">下面<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>国内外关于室内空气的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>：</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>国外<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">国外室内空气品质的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>开展<span style="color: black;">数年</span>。最初<span style="color: black;">科研</span>空气品质对健康的影响的是荷兰学者Biersterker，他和团队以鹿特丹60个住户为对象，测定室内外的二氧化硫、灰尘等空气品质参数，得到了空气污染<span style="color: black;">时期</span>室内环境<span style="color: black;">针对</span>室内气溶胶生成的影响以及<span style="color: black;">有些</span>其他的重要信息。他的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>室内与室外空气质量存在<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的差异，<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>室内空气质量对人体健康的影响可能比室外更严重。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>上世纪70 年代的石油<span style="color: black;">危险</span>，发达国家<span style="color: black;">起始</span>关注能源的节约，建筑物为减少空调的能耗而降低了房间的新风量，<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">海量</span>化学物质和新<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的<span style="color: black;">运用</span>，使得污染气体<span style="color: black;">海量</span>挥发，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>了病态建筑<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>，由此，室内环境对健康的种种影响<span style="color: black;">起始</span>被科学界关注。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">国外<span style="color: black;">针对</span>室内空气品质的<span style="color: black;">注重</span>程度<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>加大。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1960年美国的“联邦有害物品法”<span style="color: black;">需求</span>家中所有的有害物品都得贴“警告标签”；世界卫生组织从20世纪70年代召开了 8 次关于“室内空气质量与健康”的会议；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1978年德国发布了环境标志“蓝色天使”；之后丹麦和挪威制定了“健康建材标准”；北大西洋公约组织在20世纪90年代初期进行了来自 15 个国家的 200 名专家参与<span style="color: black;">相关</span>室内空气方面的调查<span style="color: black;">科研</span>；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1991 年 ASHRAE 与国际建筑<span style="color: black;">科研</span>学会联合召开了首次健康建筑与IAQ 国际会议。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另一</span>，美国国家<span style="color: black;">科研</span>院出版了室内空气污染对人体健康影响的报告。欧洲举行了人体健康与室内空气品质的合作会议。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">美国环保署在1985年<span style="color: black;">科研</span>出全面<span style="color: black;">评估</span>室内室外暴露对人体影响的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。在这一<span style="color: black;">办法</span>中，<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>室外工业污染对人体的<span style="color: black;">害处</span><span style="color: black;">极重</span>的<span style="color: black;">少于</span>室内污染源。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">法国政府<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在90年代末成立国家室内空气监测站，并在随后对全国多个监测点进行污染物监控。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/QvKgKBVYILEibBfjF3I4NUKlKUKQv7PPgVsBTEtpubKhKDZwicWVFuUWpLupPhz4Zkh3zWugkWrWoZPdta9qtdeQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>国内<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">据广州一项检测调查报告<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，逾六成以上的儿童房内甲醛浓度超标。<span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">各样</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">日前</span>恶性肿瘤是我国儿童<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的死亡<span style="color: black;">原由</span>之一，而急性白血病又居儿童恶性肿瘤发病的首位。儿童急性白血病中，急性淋巴细胞性白血病（ALL）约占70%<span style="color: black;">上下</span>。而急性髓性白血病（AML）占30%<span style="color: black;">上下</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">我国是世界上<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个制定并颁布室内空气质量标准的国家。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>，我国在用的室内空气方面的标准有室内空气质量标准、室内空气<span style="color: black;">办法</span>标准、室内环境材料标准。由国家质量监督检验检疫总局、国家环保总局、卫生部联合制定了我国<span style="color: black;">第1</span>部“GB/T18883-2002室内空气质量标准”于2003年3月1日正式实施。该标准与国家标准委员会以前发布的“GB/T50325-2001民用建筑工程室内环境污染<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>规范”及10种室内装饰装修材料有害物质限量（GB18580-2001-GB18588-2001及GB6566-2001）<span style="color: black;">一起</span>构<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>我国一个比较完整的室内环境污染<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>和<span style="color: black;">评估</span>体系。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/QvKgKBVYILEibBfjF3I4NUKlKUKQv7PPgS3eAAibciaiaeZyVl6wrqxziaxOYtk32RzdIicno3W1zNmIJdRTR7qceoNQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">国内外<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>中不难看出儿童室内空气污染不容<span style="color: black;">忽略</span>，洒扫庭除之时<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">一块</span>谈谈儿童房的空气净化。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">第<span style="color: black;">1、</span></strong><span style="color: black;">必要</span>要用绝对<span style="color: black;">无</span>二次污染的净化器。净化器的二次污染<span style="color: black;">重点</span>来自三个方面：静电集尘、负离子、带紫外灯的会产生臭氧，紫外灯<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>经过严格密闭处理的话会产生辐射、净化器本身质量<span style="color: black;">不外</span>关会产生甲醛等化学有害气体；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">第<span style="color: black;">2、</span></strong><span style="color: black;">必要</span>要用能<span style="color: black;">同期</span>除PM2.5、杀菌和除甲醛的净化器。儿童的抵抗力比较弱，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>儿童房空气净化器<span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>杀菌和除甲醛、苯、二甲苯、TVOC等化学有害气体，尤其是除甲醛。<span style="color: black;">由于</span>即便不是新装修的房间，<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>到甲醛等化学有害气体的挥发期长达15年以上，儿童玩具等都可能有甲醛挥发，而甲醛对儿童的<span style="color: black;">害处</span>远大于对成人的<span style="color: black;">害处</span>。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span>给宝宝房间配一台真正能除甲醛的空气净化器；</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">第<span style="color: black;">3、</span></strong>儿童房净化器<span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>结构安全、外观防护、噪音极限等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">第<span style="color: black;">4、</span></strong>儿童房<span style="color: black;">安置</span>绿色植物去除有害物质。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">适合儿童房摆放的植物：</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1）能清除空气中的有害物质的植物有：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">芦荟、丁香、桂花、金绿萝、吊兰、长春藤、垂叶榕、肾蕨、贯众、鸭跖草、耳蕨、仙人掌、虎皮兰、虎尾兰、龙舌兰、凤梨、仙人球、令箭荷花、昙花、宝石花、肥厚景天、紫花景天、常青藤、铁树、菊花、红鹳花、石榴花、米兰、龙血树、白芷花等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2）能驱虫杀菌的植物：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">柠檬、茉莉、兰花、丁香、苍术、玉米花、蒲公英、晚香玉、紫茉莉、除虫菊、野菊花、薄荷等。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>还有一种驱蚊草，适应性强，属<span style="color: black;">数年</span>生草本植物，室内外可栽培。它常年散发郁郁的柠檬香味，<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>驱避蚊虫、净化空气的效果。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/QvKgKBVYILEibBfjF3I4NUKlKUKQv7PPgpSuycDibXna1o6o0riaGuAdgDVSIYbQVZ5cDkaWKzL22TloY1NDHwk3Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">不适合放在儿童房间的植物有：</strong>（1）广玉兰、迎春花、万年青，这些植物容易<span style="color: black;">导致</span>皮肤过敏，你家<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>过敏体质的要<span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>不要放。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2）仙人掌，仙人球，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>这些植物浑身长满了尖刺，绒刺，<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>活泼好动，很容易被扎伤，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>过敏。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3）滴水观音，夹竹桃，郁金香等，这些花草因含有毒素，<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>对<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>的健康产生影响。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（4）丁香、兰花、百合等香气较浓的花草不宜放，会影响<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>的身体健康。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第<span style="color: black;">5、</span>儿童房<span style="color: black;">每日</span>开窗通风<span style="color: black;">最少</span>2小时，保持屋内空气<span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span>无毒无害。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">参考文献：</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">范婵燕.关于儿童房空气净化的界面设计.科技<span style="color: black;">科研</span>.2012.20:76-77.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> National Research Council Committee on Indoor Pollutants. Indoor pollutants. Washington DC, National Academic Press, 1981</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> Bortoli M D, et al. Determination of VOCs emitted from indoor materials and products interlaboratory comparison of small chamber measurement. Report No 13. Commission of European Communities Joint Research Center, European Collaborative Action: Indoor Quality and its Impact on Man. Luxembourg,1993</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 陈思华, 白郁华, 龚幸颐等.北大园区室内空气质量卫生学<span style="color: black;">科研</span>.环境与健康杂志, 1999, 16(1): 28一30</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">王圣.用CFD技术<span style="color: black;">科研</span>室内空气中笨的污染与净化规律.硕士学位论文.2007.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">吴敏媛.儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病治疗<span style="color: black;">状况</span>. 中国肿瘤.2001,10(10) :566-569</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/QvKgKBVYILHibtG8RObVlq45aU8CquiaXg3q6GW5v9ZVCpze8anCadUvjrANRfpUeHQ25hrmlyxeeSxrY7pdJkMg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
我深感你的理解与共鸣，愿对话长流。 你的话语真是温暖如春，让我心生感激。 系统提示我验证码错误1500次 ＼~゛，
页:
[1]