「跟单」外贸人必要要晓得的跟单流程
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/dfic-imagehandler/8678cdab-925c-4394-8f00-83456107adb6~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1723873077&x-signature=usQ70jXK%2BRSBvk3lCclnYZ7%2FKJQ%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">以下是为外贸人,尤其是新人准备的外贸跟单全流程:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.客户询盘:<span style="color: black;">通常</span>在客户下Purchase order之前,都会有<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的Order Inquiry给<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>,做<span style="color: black;">有些</span>细节上的确认。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.报价:业务猿<span style="color: black;">即时</span>回复客人<span style="color: black;">查找</span>,确定货物品名,型号,生产厂家,数量,交货期,付款方式,包装规格及柜型等,Performa Invoice 给客户做正式报价。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.得到订单:经过洽谈,收到客户正式的订单PO。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.下生产订单:得到客人的订单确认后,给工厂下订单,安排生产计划。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5.业务审批:收到订单后,<span style="color: black;">首要</span>做出业务审核表。按“出口合同审核表”的项目如实填写,尽可能将<span style="color: black;">各样</span>预计<span style="color: black;">花费</span>都列明。合同审批需附上客人订单传真件,与工厂的收购合同。审核表要由业务员签名,<span style="color: black;">分部</span>经理审批,再交管理部人员审核后<span style="color: black;">才可</span>执行。如金额<span style="color: black;">很强</span>的,或有预付款和佣金等条款的,要经<span style="color: black;">机构</span>总经理审批才行。合同审批之后,制成<span style="color: black;">营销</span>订单,交给<span style="color: black;">分部</span>进程员跟进。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6.下达生产<span style="color: black;">通告</span>:业务部在确定交货期后,满足下列<span style="color: black;">状况</span>可下达生产<span style="color: black;">通告</span>, <span style="color: black;">通告</span>工厂按时生产:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是L/C付款的客户,通常是在交货期前1个月确认L/C<span style="color: black;">已然</span>收到,收到L/C后应业务员和单证员分别审查信用证,<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">是不是</span>存在错误,交货期能否<span style="color: black;">保证</span>,及其他可能的问题,如有问题应立即请客人改证。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">8:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是T/T付款的客户,要确认定金<span style="color: black;">已然</span>到账。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">10:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是放帐客户,或<span style="color: black;">经过</span>银行D/A等方式收汇等,需经理确认。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">11: 验货:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">12:在交货期前<span style="color: black;">1星期</span>,要<span style="color: black;">通告</span><span style="color: black;">机构</span>验货员验货。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">13:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>客人要自己或指定验货人员来验货的,要在交货期<span style="color: black;">1星期</span>前,约客户查货并将查货日期<span style="color: black;">通知</span>计划部。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">14:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>客人指定由第三方验货<span style="color: black;">机构</span>或公正行等验货的,要在交货期两周前与验货<span style="color: black;">机构</span>联系,预约验货时间,<span style="color: black;">保证</span>在交货期前安排好时间。确定后将验货时间<span style="color: black;">通告</span>工厂。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">15:制备基本文件。工厂<span style="color: black;">供给</span>的装箱资料,制作出口合同,出口<span style="color: black;">商场</span>发票,装箱单等文件(应由业务跟单员制作,交给单证员)。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">16:商检:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是国家法定商检<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,在给工厂下订单时要说明商检<span style="color: black;">需求</span>,并<span style="color: black;">供给</span>出口合同,发票等商检所需资料。<span style="color: black;">况且</span>要告诉工厂将来<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的出口口岸,便于工厂办理商检。应在发货<span style="color: black;">1星期</span>之前拿到商检换证凭单/条。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">17: 租船订仓:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">18:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>跟客人签定的合同是FOB CHINA条款,<span style="color: black;">一般</span>客人会指定运输代理<span style="color: black;">机构</span>或船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。应尽早与货代联系,<span style="color: black;">通知</span>发货意向,<span style="color: black;">认识</span>将要安排的出口口岸,船期等<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,Q确认工厂的交货能否早于开船期<span style="color: black;">最少</span><span style="color: black;">1星期</span>以前,以及船期能否达到客人<span style="color: black;">需求</span>的交货期。应在交货期两周之前向货运<span style="color: black;">机构</span>发出书面定仓<span style="color: black;">通告</span>(ING orDER),<span style="color: black;">一般</span>在开船<span style="color: black;">1星期</span>前可拿到定仓纸。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">19:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">是由于</span>卖方支付运费,应尽早向货运<span style="color: black;">机构</span>或船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>咨询船期,运价,开船口岸等。经比较,<span style="color: black;">选取</span>价格优惠,信誉好,船期合适的船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,并告诉业务员通告给客人。如客人<span style="color: black;">区别</span>意时要另选客人认可的船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。开船前两周书面定仓,程序同上。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">20:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>货物<span style="color: black;">不足</span>一个小柜,需走散货时,向货代<span style="color: black;">机构</span>定散货仓位。拿到入仓纸时,还要<span style="color: black;">认识</span>截关时间,入仓报关<span style="color: black;">需求</span>,等内容。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">21:向运输<span style="color: black;">机构</span>定仓时,<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要传真书面定仓纸,注明所定船期,柜型及数量,目的港等内容,以避免差错。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">22: 安排拖柜:</p>23:货物做好并验货<span style="color: black;">经过</span>后,<span style="color: black;">拜托</span>拖车<span style="color: black;">机构</span>提柜,装柜。拖车<span style="color: black;">机构</span>应<span style="color: black;">选取</span>安全<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>,价格<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>签定协议<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>合作,以<span style="color: black;">保证</span>安全及准时。要给拖车<span style="color: black;">机构</span>传真以下资料:定仓确认书/放柜纸,船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,定仓号,拖柜<span style="color: black;">拜托</span>书,注明装柜时间,柜型及数量,装柜<span style="color: black;">位置</span>,报关行,及装船口岸等。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有验货<span style="color: black;">机构</span>看装柜,要专门声明,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>晚到。并<span style="color: black;">需求</span>回传一份上柜资料,列明柜号、车牌号、司机及联系<span style="color: black;">tel</span>等
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">24:传真一份装车资料给工厂,列明上柜时间、柜型、订仓号、订单号、车牌号以及司机联系<span style="color: black;">tel</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">25:<span style="color: black;">需求</span>工厂在货柜离开工厂后尽快传真一份装货<span style="color: black;">通告</span>给业务部,列明货柜离厂时间、<span style="color: black;">实质</span>装货数量等,并记装箱号码和封条号码<span style="color: black;">做为</span>提单的资料。<span style="color: black;">需求</span>工厂装柜后<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要记住上封条。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">26:<span style="color: black;">拜托</span>报关:在拖柜<span style="color: black;">同期</span>将报关所需资料交给合作报关行,<span style="color: black;">拜托</span>出口报关及做商检通关换单。<span style="color: black;">一般</span>要给报关留出两天时间(船截关前)。<span style="color: black;">拜托</span>报关时,应<span style="color: black;">供给</span>一份装柜资料,内容<span style="color: black;">包含</span>所装货物及数量,口岸,船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,定仓号,柜号,船开截关时间,拖车<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,柜型及数量,本<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的联系人和<span style="color: black;">tel</span>等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">27: <span style="color: black;">得到</span>运输文件:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">28: 最迟在开船后两天内,要将提单补料内容传真给船运<span style="color: black;">机构</span>或货运代理。补料要按找L/C或客人的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>来做,并给出正确的货物数量,以及<span style="color: black;">有些</span>特殊<span style="color: black;">需求</span>等,<span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">需求</span>船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>随同提单出的船证明等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">29: 督促船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>尽快出提单样板及运费帐单。仔细核对样本无误后,向船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>书面确认提单内容。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>提单需客人确认的,要先传真提单样板给客人,得到确认后再<span style="color: black;">需求</span>船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>出正本。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">30: <span style="color: black;">即时</span>支付运杂费,付款后<span style="color: black;">通告</span>船<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>取得提单等运输文件。支付运费应做登记。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">31:准备其他文件</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">32:<span style="color: black;">商场</span>发票:L/C <span style="color: black;">需求</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>的文件中,对<span style="color: black;">商场</span>发票<span style="color: black;">需求</span>最严格。发票的日期要确定在开证日之后,交货期之前。发票中的货物描述要与L/C上的完全相同,小写和大写金额都要正确无误。L/C上对发票的条款应<span style="color: black;">表示</span>出来,要<span style="color: black;">表示</span>唛头。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>发票需办理对方大使馆认证,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>要提前20天办理。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">33:FORMA原产地证书:FORM A 原产地证要在发货之前到检验检疫局申办。需<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是运输日期要在L/C 的交货期和开船日之前,在发票日期之后。未能在发货之前办理的,要办理后发证书,需<span style="color: black;">供给</span>报关单,提单等文件。经香港转运的货物,FORM A证书<span style="color: black;">一般</span>要到香港的中国商检<span style="color: black;">机构</span>办理加签,证明未在港对货物进行再加工。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">34:<span style="color: black;">通常</span>原产地证:<span style="color: black;">通常</span>原产地证可在中国贸易促进会办理,<span style="color: black;">需求</span>低<span style="color: black;">有些</span>。可在发货之后不太长的时间内补办。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>原产地证书要办理大使馆加签,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>和发票<span style="color: black;">同样</span>要提前20天办理。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">35:装运<span style="color: black;">通告</span>:<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是<span style="color: black;">需求</span>在开船后几天之内,要<span style="color: black;">通告</span>客人发货的细节,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>船名,航班次,开船日,预计抵港日,货物及数量,金额,包装件数,唛头,目的港代理人等。有时L/C<span style="color: black;">需求</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>发送证明,如传真报告书,发函底单等,<span style="color: black;">重视</span>按客人<span style="color: black;">需求</span>的时间内办理。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">36:装箱单:装箱单应清楚地<span style="color: black;">显示</span>货物装箱<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。要<span style="color: black;">表示</span>每箱内装的数量,每箱的毛重,净重,外箱尺寸。按外箱尺寸计算出来的总体积要与标明的总体积相符。要<span style="color: black;">表示</span>唛头和箱号,以便于客人<span style="color: black;">查询</span>。装箱单的重量,体积要于提单相符。</p>37:交单:
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">38:采用L/C收汇的,应在规定的交单时间内,备齐<span style="color: black;">所有</span>单证,并严格审单,<span style="color: black;">保证</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>错误,才交银行议付。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">39:采用T/T收汇的,在取得提单后马上传真提单给客人付款,确认受到余款后再将提单正本及其他文件寄给客人。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">40:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>T/T收汇的,<span style="color: black;">需求</span>收全款<span style="color: black;">才可</span>做柜的,要等收款后再安排拖柜。拿到提单后可立即寄正本提单给客人。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">41:业务登记:每单出口业务在完成后要<span style="color: black;">即时</span>做登记,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>电脑登记及书面登记,便于以后<span style="color: black;">查找</span>,统计等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">42:文件存档:所有的文件、L/C和议付文件<span style="color: black;">必要</span>留存一整套以备查用。</p>以上<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一个完整的外贸出口的跟单流程,涵盖了几乎所有的点。<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>时候,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>跟单工作<span style="color: black;">无</span>做的这么仔细,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>经常<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">各样</span>问题的<span style="color: black;">显现</span>。
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