哪种癌症的死亡率最高？应该怎么样加强存活率
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症的种类非常多的，凡是你能想到的器官，都有可能<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌症，除了毛发，指甲等<span style="color: black;">少许</span>器官和组织。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">平常</span>的癌症有肺癌，乳腺癌，肝癌，食管癌，胃癌，结直肠癌，白血病，淋巴瘤，前列腺癌，卵巢癌，宫颈癌，甲状腺癌，胰腺癌等等。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有<span style="color: black;">病人</span>问，哪种癌症最严重？今天<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>就来聊一聊两种死亡率最高的癌症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（1）胰腺癌是癌中之王</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>从癌症的治愈率和死亡率<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，癌中之王非胰腺癌莫属，胰腺癌是死亡率最高，治愈率最低的肿瘤，<span style="color: black;">无</span>之一。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">随着医学的发展，大部分的肿瘤，<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率都有了<span style="color: black;">明显</span>地<span style="color: black;">加强</span>，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>胰腺癌的<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率<span style="color: black;">始终</span>停滞不前，5年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>5%至10%，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>说，诊断胰腺癌之后，<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>5%<span style="color: black;">上下</span>的人，<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>超过5年。<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上，大部分的胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，在确诊胰腺癌之后，半年内死亡。而乳腺癌，结直肠癌等肿瘤，5年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率都是超过50%的，甲状腺癌的<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率最高，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>超过90%。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">胰腺癌之<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>率如此之低，有以下几个<span style="color: black;">原由</span>：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">胰腺癌细胞恶性程度高，浸润性强，<span style="color: black;">发展</span>快，容易侵犯<span style="color: black;">周边</span>器官和组织，容易淋巴结转移；胰腺在肚子的深面，<span style="color: black;">初期</span>胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">无</span>任何症状，<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的时候，<span style="color: black;">常常</span>是中晚期；胰腺被<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的器官<span style="color: black;">包裹</span>，胰腺<span style="color: black;">周边</span>有胃、肝脏、胆管、胆囊、脾脏、腹腔大血管等等，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>胰腺手术难度大，围手术期死亡率高；胰腺癌对放化疗不<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>找到特异性的靶点，靶向治疗和免疫治疗都收效甚微。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（2）肝癌</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">除了胰腺癌，肝癌的死亡率<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">一样</span>是居高不下，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>把胰腺癌比作是狮子，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>肝癌<span style="color: black;">便是</span>老虎，两者旗鼓相当。肝癌的5年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率在12%<span style="color: black;">上下</span>。肝癌<span style="color: black;">常常</span>是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>肝炎，酒精肝，脂肪肝<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肝硬化，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>发展为肝癌。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在肝硬化，肝功能受损的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上，<span style="color: black;">出现</span>肝癌之后，癌细胞生长速度非常快，容易<span style="color: black;">显现</span>肝内转移，堵塞血管。肝癌的复发率极高，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>肝癌<span style="color: black;">针对</span>放化疗<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>，治疗起来非常困难。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">初期</span>癌症<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率高</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">刚才</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>介绍了两种最严重的肿瘤，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>能够<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>肿瘤，<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率都可能有<span style="color: black;">极重</span>程度的<span style="color: black;">加强</span>。直径<span style="color: black;">少于</span>3厘米的肝癌，5年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率超过80%，1A期的胰腺癌，五年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率超过40%，有<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，有淋巴结转移的胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，5年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>10%<span style="color: black;">上下</span>，而淋巴结阴性的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率为30%。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">除了肝癌和胰腺癌，其他的恶性肿瘤，<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>率更高，例如乳腺癌，胃癌，结直肠癌，肺癌等等，<span style="color: black;">初期</span>肿瘤治愈率超过90%。而到了肿瘤的晚期，全身<span style="color: black;">显现</span>广泛的转移，所有的肿瘤<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率都会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>急剧的下降。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">以下人群是胰腺癌的高危人群：（1）<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>抽烟饮酒的人群，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是年龄大于40岁的人群；（2）家族里面有胰腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>；（3）糖尿病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>；（4）慢性胰腺炎的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>；（5）有胆管结石，常<span style="color: black;">显现</span>胆源性胰腺炎的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>；（6）严重<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>，<span style="color: black;">过重</span>，高脂血症的人群。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>这些高危的人群，<span style="color: black;">日前</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>一个统一的筛查指南，<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>从40岁<span style="color: black;">上下</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>筛查胰腺癌，彩超似乎是比较经济的手段，但彩超准确率较低，腹部CT、超声内镜、MRI<span style="color: black;">检测</span>是准确率更高的办法，CA-199<span style="color: black;">上升</span>对胰腺癌有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的提示<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，还<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>抽血查CA-199。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">我国是肝癌的高发国家，全世界一半以上的肝癌都<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在中国。<span style="color: black;">意见</span>以下人群，从40岁起<span style="color: black;">起始</span>接受每年一次的筛查：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1. <span style="color: black;">拥有</span>乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和 / 或丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染 ；2. <span style="color: black;">长时间</span>酗酒 ；3. 非酒精脂肪性肝炎；4. <span style="color: black;">长时间</span>食用被黄曲霉毒素污染<span style="color: black;">食品</span>；5. <span style="color: black;">各样</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>的肝硬化、以及有肝癌家族史等的人群。血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）和肝脏超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>是<span style="color: black;">初期</span>筛查的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>手段，<span style="color: black;">意见</span>高危人群每隔 6 个月进行<span style="color: black;">最少</span>一次<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">总而言之，<span style="color: black;">定时</span>体检，<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>癌症是至关<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的，<span style="color: black;">期盼</span><span style="color: black;">大众</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>自己的身体，<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">自己</span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，<span style="color: black;">选取</span>合适的筛查手段，<span style="color: black;">定时</span>体检。</p>
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