2024中国癌症数据震撼颁布!5大高发癌症为么那样难治?
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">撰写 Han | 审核 Ava | 排版Ava</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症<span style="color: black;">已然</span>是一个<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>避不可避的<span style="color: black;">专题</span>,给所有<span style="color: black;">病人</span>和<span style="color: black;">病人</span>家属带来沉重的身心与经济<span style="color: black;">包袱</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2024年2月2日,中国国家癌症中心(NCC)最新<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>了2022年中国新发癌症发病率和死亡率的最新预估数据,从中<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>看到近几年癌症变化的趋势。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q3.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240327/57dd1d90e505476a9dcae8ed299b5513.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2022年,中国<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">新增癌症病例约为482.47万例</strong></span>,新增癌症<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">死亡病例约为257.42万例</strong></span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">新发及死亡双榜首</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">肺癌</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">新发癌症病例</strong></span>中,占据前五位的是:<span style="color: black;">肺癌、结直肠癌、甲状腺癌、肝癌和胃癌,总占比达57.42%</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">新增<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">癌症死亡病例</strong></span>中,占据前五位的是:<span style="color: black;">肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食道癌,总占比达67.5%</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">中国癌症新发病例数和死亡病例数<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">与往年相比均有所<span style="color: black;">增多</span></strong></span>,这<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有两个<span style="color: black;">原由</span>:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">➡️<span style="color: black;">人口老龄化</span></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">随着人口老龄化,癌症<span style="color: black;">包袱</span>加重,癌症发病和死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>随之<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">➡️ 癌症检出率<span style="color: black;">加强</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">随着医疗保健的普及,公众对癌症的认识更加深入,越来越多的人认识到癌症早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>、早治疗的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>性,主动参加肿瘤体检及筛查,癌症检出率<span style="color: black;">亦</span>相应<span style="color: black;">加强</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">肺癌仍是<span style="color: black;">重点</span>威胁</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">从报告<span style="color: black;">能够</span>看出,肺癌仍然是中国新发病例和死亡的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>,<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">占据了我国癌症新发病例及死亡病例的双榜首</strong></span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这极可能<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">与中国吸烟率高<span style="color: black;">相关</span></strong></span>。<span style="color: black;">按照</span>国家卫生健康委员会<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>的《2020年中国吸烟<span style="color: black;">害处</span>报告》,中国吸烟人数超过3亿,<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">每年100多万人因烟草失去生命</strong></span>。2018年中国15岁以上人群吸烟率为26.6%,其中男性吸烟率为50.5%,68.1%的非吸烟者在公共场所接触二手烟。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">35岁以后癌症发病率急剧<span style="color: black;">提升</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">综合所有癌症种类的发病率来看,0-34岁组的发病率相对较低,但<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">35-39岁组<span style="color: black;">起始</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>急剧<span style="color: black;">提升</span>的趋势</strong></span>,在80-84岁组达到峰值。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">从性别来看,男性总体发病率在25-54岁组时<span style="color: black;">小于</span>女性,60岁后高于女性。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240327/41cf30f27d534778b543c56e2ee61295.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">男性女性前五大致死癌症相同</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">按照性别来<span style="color: black;">归类</span>,<span style="color: black;">男性男性最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的五大癌症分别为肺癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、胃癌和食道癌</span>,总占比65.05%;<span style="color: black;">女性最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的五大癌症为肺癌、乳腺癌、甲状腺癌、结直肠癌和宫颈癌</span>,总占比63.75%。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">男性癌症死亡的五大癌种为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食道癌</span>,总占比为74.28%;<span style="color: black;">女性癌症死亡的五大癌种为肺癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、胃癌和食道癌</span>,总占比74.28%。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q1.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240327/33344128b0644b8d958acf0325fdc950.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">4</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">癌症总发病率<span style="color: black;">提升</span>,总死亡率下降</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在2000-2018年间,<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">我国癌症发病率呈增长趋势,增幅为1.4%</strong></span>,其中男性的发病率总体上保持稳定,<span style="color: black;">女性每年<span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>2.6%</span>,这是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>女性中<span style="color: black;">甲状腺癌和宫颈癌的诊断率<span style="color: black;">增多</span></span>了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://q8.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240327/31fbd7ffde9b42a1b9f637ee7c4d0d8d.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">总体死亡率呈下降趋势,每年下降幅度约为1.3%</span></strong>。这<span style="color: black;">重点</span>得益于食管癌、胃癌和肝癌三大癌症的下降。<span style="color: black;">由于</span>中国自2005年起积极推广上消化道癌症筛查,大大<span style="color: black;">提高</span>了早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>率和早治疗率。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">中国癌谱<span style="color: black;">日前</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>发展中国家向发达国家癌谱过渡<span style="color: black;">周期</span>,即发展中国家高发的<span style="color: black;">食管癌、胃癌、 肝癌等上消化道癌症发病逐年下降</span>,发达国家高发的<span style="color: black;">肺癌、结直肠癌等发病<span style="color: black;">快速</span><span style="color: black;">提升</span></span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但随之而来的困难<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>了,<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">发达国家高发的肺癌、结直肠癌等,<span style="color: black;">广泛</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span></span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">病程长、诊疗技术<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>、治疗难度大等特点</span></strong>,给<span style="color: black;">病人</span>家庭带来了沉重的心理及经济<span style="color: black;">包袱</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">但这些高发癌症</span></p>
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