低温冰冻天气，摔伤病人增加！协和医院骨科专家：这份“防摔攻略”请收好
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>记者 刘迅</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">通讯员 彭锦弦</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">武汉迎来新一轮低温雨雪冰冻天气，给市民出行带来了不少安全隐患。武汉气象<span style="color: black;">分部</span>多次<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>道路结冰橙色预警信号，提醒<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>防范。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2月23日，极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>采访华中科技大学同济医学院<span style="color: black;">附庸</span>协和医院骨科副<span style="color: black;">专家</span>、创伤骨科<span style="color: black;">专家</span>刘国辉教授，为市民支招“防摔攻略”。他提醒，雪后路滑，市民非必要不出门，外出要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>防滑防摔，可走“企鹅步”，但不<span style="color: black;">意见</span>双手打开保持平衡。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/q_70/images03/20240223/d1be91c54be04bfdbf4a5f2f7a61bb4b.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">对话专家</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">姓名：刘国辉</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">职<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>职务：二级教授，协和医院骨科副<span style="color: black;">专家</span>，协和医院创伤骨科、创伤中心<span style="color: black;">专家</span>。现任中华医学会创伤学分会委员、中国老年医学学会骨与关节分会副会长、湖北省医学会创伤学分会侯任<span style="color: black;">专家</span>委员、AOCC湖北委员会主席等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">可学“企鹅步”，但不<span style="color: black;">意见</span>双手大开保持平衡</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>：</strong>冰雪天气中出行，应<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">守护</span>自己？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">刘国辉：</strong><span style="color: black;">意见</span>非必要不出门，尤其是老年人骨质疏松，摔倒后极易<span style="color: black;">出现</span>骨折、颅脑外伤、颌面部外伤等。如在冰雪天气出行，<span style="color: black;">首要</span>应多穿御寒衣物，寒冷会使关节活动生涩，更易<span style="color: black;">出现</span>跌倒，保暖的厚衣服在跌倒时<span style="color: black;">亦</span>能起到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的缓冲<span style="color: black;">功效</span>；其次<span style="color: black;">意见</span>穿防滑的鞋子，并<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>避免在瓷砖地面、斜坡等危险易滑区域行走；最后老年人避免单独出行，万一跌倒可<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">得到</span><span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>：</strong>行走时姿势有何讲究？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">刘国辉：</strong>原则是重心越低，下方支撑越宽更稳定。<span style="color: black;">大众</span>行走时<span style="color: black;">能够</span>采取“企鹅步态”，即膝关节微曲，两腿略打开后，小步伐行走，<span style="color: black;">这般</span>行走时稳定性更好，跌倒时受到的冲击更小。<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是，网上不少人<span style="color: black;">意见</span>将双手大开保持平衡，我并不<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>，雪天滑倒后<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的骨折中，腕关节骨折占<span style="color: black;">重点</span>部分，都是跌倒瞬间手撑地<span style="color: black;">引起</span>的，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>不<span style="color: black;">意见</span>将手大大张开保持平衡。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>：</strong>跌倒时<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">守护</span>自己？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">刘国辉：</strong><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>有滑雪经验的都<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>，教练会专门训练学员倒地瞬间把上肢收拢、下巴含胸，避免腕关节及后脑勺直接着地，而是用肉多的臀部等部位着地。普通人<span style="color: black;">无</span>经过专业的训练，跌倒时本能地会去用手去撑地，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>在雨雪天气时都会收治<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>腕关节骨折的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，尤其是老年人。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>避免跌倒，以及跌倒后<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>紧急处理。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">老年人骨折<span style="color: black;">占多数</span>，这些部位易高发</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>：</strong>在雨雪天<span style="color: black;">不小心</span>摔倒后，<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">那些</span>症状应<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>可能是骨折？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">刘国辉：</strong>跌倒后，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>局部剧痛、肢体活动<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>肢体关节变形、反常的活动等，极有可能是<span style="color: black;">出现</span>了骨折。事实上<span style="color: black;">因为</span>冬季衣物较多较厚，跌倒后很难<span style="color: black;">自动</span>判断<span style="color: black;">可否</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>骨折，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">损害</span>部位剧痛，稍有挪动后<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>加剧，<span style="color: black;">或</span>伴有活动<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>高度<span style="color: black;">警觉</span><span style="color: black;">可否</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>了骨折。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>：</strong>从您门诊接诊的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>看，雨雪天气滑倒后，<span style="color: black;">那些</span>部位易<span style="color: black;">出现</span>骨折？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">刘国辉：</strong>以协和医院骨科接诊的经验来看，跌倒后<span style="color: black;">出现</span>骨折的仍以老年人<span style="color: black;">占多数</span>，外伤后易<span style="color: black;">出现</span>脆性骨折，<span style="color: black;">出现</span>率最高的分别是腕关节（桡骨远端）骨折、髋关节骨折（股骨颈、股骨转子间骨折）、脊柱压缩性骨折、骨盆骨折、肩关节骨折/脱位、肘关节骨折。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">摔倒后别贸然起身，正确防护很<span style="color: black;">要紧</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>：</strong>摔倒后<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>自救？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">刘国辉：</strong>雨雪天气出门<span style="color: black;">意见</span>结伴而行，万一摔倒后可<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">得到</span><span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>。跌倒后<span style="color: black;">首要</span>应将跌倒者转移到干燥安全区域，避免继发<span style="color: black;">损害</span>和衣物打湿后的感冒。如跌倒者是头部、背部等区域着地，在专业救援到来前不要随意搬动跌倒者；跌倒后如<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>较轻，未<span style="color: black;">出现</span>骨折等严重并发症，可在局部冷敷消肿；如有剧痛、活动<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>等有骨折<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，<span style="color: black;">意见</span>等待120救援人员前来；如跌倒者因颅脑<span style="color: black;">损害</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">晕倒</span>、<span style="color: black;">认识</span><span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>等，<span style="color: black;">周边</span>人员应将跌倒者转移到安全<span style="color: black;">地区</span>后等待120救援人员，不要随意搬动<span style="color: black;">病人</span>或患肢。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>：</strong>当<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>自己或他人可能骨折时，应做<span style="color: black;">那些</span>紧急处理？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">刘国辉：</strong><span style="color: black;">因为</span>冬季衣物遮蔽，非专业人士很难判断<span style="color: black;">可否</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>骨折及骨折严重程度，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>在专业人员来到前，<span style="color: black;">无</span>必要解开衣物查看受伤程度。如<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">以上</span>疑似骨折的征象，<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>前往<span style="color: black;">周边</span>医院就诊或拨打120等待救援。骨折<span style="color: black;">病人</span>不<span style="color: black;">意见</span>随意搬动，等待120救援人员<span style="color: black;">就可</span>；如<span style="color: black;">前提</span>有限，可<span style="color: black;">运用</span>硬木板将患肢做简单固定，如有开放性外伤，<span style="color: black;">运用</span>干净布料按压伤口止血。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>：</strong>骨折治疗后，<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>期有<span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>事项？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">刘国辉：</strong>如不幸<span style="color: black;">出现</span>骨折，程度较轻的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>石膏或支具固定，在固定<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>遵医嘱制动，<span style="color: black;">定时</span>复查，不要随意拆卸固定工具，如有不适随时门诊复查。有的程度较重的<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>手术治疗，在手术后<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>会进行床边的<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>训练<span style="color: black;">指点</span>，应严格<span style="color: black;">根据</span><span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>进行，尤其是不要进行过早或过量的活动。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>，在<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>期<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">弥补</span>营养、戒烟戒酒、避免油腻<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">骨折<span style="color: black;">病人</span>在得到妥善处理后，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>进行<span style="color: black;">初期</span>的功能<span style="color: black;">熬炼</span>，避免肌肉萎缩、关节僵硬及血栓形成，<span style="color: black;">详细</span>的<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>训练<span style="color: black;">按照</span>受伤部位及程度不同而不同，<span style="color: black;">按照</span>医嘱严格执行。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">更加多</span><span style="color: black;">资讯</span><span style="color: black;">新闻</span>，可扫描下方二维码加入极目<span style="color: black;">资讯</span>骨科群（QQ：526738714）。</p>
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