警觉！这些是甲状腺癌的转移特征！
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">确诊甲状腺癌以后</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">必须</span>超声<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>随访</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">超声报告有时不提示任何肿大淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有时又报出一堆莫名其妙的淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">让人摸不着头脑</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">要<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>人体颈部有300来颗淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">它们中一小部分能被超声检出</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>超声图像的信息</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大致判断出淋巴结的性质</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">请接着往下看吧！</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">良性淋巴结</h2>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-555bfc00cbfe78bbc89d81e01d452a0a_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">正常淋巴结的个头都非常小</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">上图中最大径0.91厘米的椭圆形淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">淋巴结内部呈均匀的低回声</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">并且能看到清晰的淋巴门结构</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">边缘规则</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这是百分百正常的淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">它们<span style="color: black;">通常</span>不会被超声<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>写入报告中</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-0c81b236f0b6447aa759e2d321d823e2_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">由于</span>炎症<span style="color: black;">或</span>感染</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">某些淋巴结尺寸<span style="color: black;">显著</span>增大</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">尤其是二区的淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">上图中最大径2.42厘米的梭形淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">淋巴门结构非常<span style="color: black;">显著</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">超声有时提示个头大但<span style="color: black;">无</span>可疑特征的淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">便是</span>这类良性肿大的淋巴结</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">可疑淋巴结</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当癌细胞进入淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">淋巴结的变化能被超声<span style="color: black;">发掘</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这些变化<span style="color: black;">包含</span>微钙化，囊性化，高回声，<span style="color: black;">周边</span>或混合血流以及边缘不规则</p>
<h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">微钙化</h3>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-db7d39f059ea91bb2bd8aee65e1b55c1_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有的淋巴结中<span style="color: black;">显现</span>微钙化</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这些钙化点其实是砂砾体</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">砂砾体的<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着<span style="color: black;">周边</span>存在乳头状癌细胞</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">上图中的三区淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">箭头所指的位置即为钙化点的聚集</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">并非所有转移淋巴结都会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>微钙化</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>图像<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">知道</span>的钙化点</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">淋巴结被癌细胞浸润的几率接近100%</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>图像<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的是若有若<span style="color: black;">没</span>的钙化点</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这类淋巴结倒不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>是转移</p>
<h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">囊性化</h3>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-ca36959c3c413cf5ada67fc4a68ec279_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">良性淋巴结<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是实性的</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当实性的淋巴结中进入液体</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">超声图像上<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>回声区</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">特别有</span>可能是被癌细胞浸润<span style="color: black;">导致</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有甲癌病史的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">囊性化淋巴结是转移的几率接近100%</p>
<h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">高回声</h3>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-28d92565864fdea8377522a8bacdd6e5_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">良性淋巴结<span style="color: black;">一般</span>呈现均匀的低回声</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当甲癌细胞涌入淋巴结后</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">淋巴结的回声<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>均匀</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">上图淋巴结中<span style="color: black;">能够</span>看到高回声区域</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">66-96%这类淋巴结随后被证实是转移</p>
<h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">周边或混合血流</h3>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-0cfa925104afbf9619744e7f174f6c2a_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">良性淋巴结很少<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>血流</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">即便<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>在淋巴门<span style="color: black;">周边</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>淋巴结<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">明显</span>的<span style="color: black;">周边</span><span style="color: black;">或</span>混合血流</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">77-80%的概率是转移</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">上图淋巴结<span style="color: black;">表示</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>的周边血流</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">最后</span>被证实为乳头状癌转移</p>
<h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">边缘不规则</h3>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e6ebbdc7cb1b4c7a7a27011b4be052e_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">良性淋巴结的边缘是规则的</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌细胞即便进入淋巴结只要<span style="color: black;">无</span>溢出</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">都不会改变淋巴结的边缘</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>上图所示的淋巴结边缘不规则</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">乃至</span>是淋巴结相互融合</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">不仅<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着淋巴结内有转移</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">并且转移灶从结内渗透到了结外</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">待定淋巴结</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但并不是所有淋巴结都是黑白分明的</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有些则处在中间状态</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">既不是百分百正常</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">尤其</span>可疑</p>
<h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">淋巴门消失</h3>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-5e133f00c99068b6f5392dbd8b8f1842_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>能<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">知道</span>的淋巴门结构</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这个淋巴结基本是正常的</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">反之淋巴门结构消失</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但不存在其余可疑特征时</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">并<span style="color: black;">不可</span>说明这个淋巴结可疑</p>
<h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">偏圆</h3>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-625e42fea6ba979f8719dc35b63d98f7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">良性淋巴结大多呈椭圆形<span style="color: black;">或</span>梭形</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">转移淋巴结则以圆形<span style="color: black;">占多数</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但<span style="color: black;">一样</span>有30%的良性淋巴结<span style="color: black;">亦</span>偏圆</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">尤其是<span style="color: black;">位置于</span>一区的淋巴结</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">单独偏圆的特征<span style="color: black;">不可</span>推断出可疑结论</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">笔记总结</h2>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-3a7bb5e5702a3d1b9c074d6c4ab301d0_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>超声的特征描述</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">淋巴结被分为良性，可疑和待定三类</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">每类淋巴结对应的<span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">重要</span>词</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span>参考以上汇总的表格</p>最后，欢迎关注最专业的甲状腺公众号「温哥华小文青」。
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