明朝皇帝的各样帽子,皇帝用的就必定是金灿灿的颜色吗?
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这儿</span>的帽子,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>正式一点的说法叫冠。我国古代有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>种冠,每种冠都有严格的制式,通天冠、进贤冠等等,最<span style="color: black;">起始</span>人们戴冠只是为了包裹发髻,便于生产生活。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">随着夏商周冠服制度的<span style="color: black;">创立</span>与完善,将冠纳入了礼制,让冠有了高低贵贱之分,<span style="color: black;">更加是</span><span style="color: black;">表率</span>着各阶层人士的<span style="color: black;">区别</span>身份。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/images01/20240518/38fd94a0e6934abd84e53b2d349de4b2.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">今天<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>就<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>说明朝皇帝的帽子,<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>都有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>帽子。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>平常在影视剧里看到的明朝皇帝的帽子基本上都是<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/images01/20240518/182edc219db34f0881287c228688e1eb.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span>的:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240518/d43a71e06b3c4b3d9927b9413aa40b17.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">也</span>或是<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/images01/20240518/d8946cb971a94781bf22088c0db2f730.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">反正头上顶的都是一个金灿灿的金帽子,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不管它重不重。可能有人会觉得,以前帝王画像中,头上都顶着一个更大的帽子,还有个横板,前面还有帘子,看着不是更重吗?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这一套衣冠正式的名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>叫衮冕,衣<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>“衮”,那块横板叫“綖”,两侧垂至耳旁的由丝绳系着的玉叫“充耳”,前面的帘子叫“旒”,由它们<span style="color: black;">构成</span>在<span style="color: black;">一块</span>的帽子叫冕,俗<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>“平天冠”,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>新皇登基又叫“加冕”。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q2.itc.cn/images01/20240518/3445450a07574a87856ae926a00284a3.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">冕冠</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">衮冕<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的大礼服,一年都穿不上几次,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是祭祀、元旦等极重要场合穿一下,平常是不穿的,又笨重,又麻烦穿起来还不方便,让你<span style="color: black;">始终</span>穿戴你<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不愿意啊。皇帝平时穿的都是那种比较方便简洁的常服。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q1.itc.cn/images01/20240518/6c4aa3f9bd62450c82eb5e03d1c6ff91.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">常服</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/images01/20240518/278a3b09bf314d7e8cd85c7aabbbb67d.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">明太祖朱元璋常服像</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">之<span style="color: black;">因此</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span>的“金帽子”,估计是看明皇陵里出土的文物是金冠,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>觉得明朝皇帝带的帽子都是金冠,金黄色的<span style="color: black;">显出</span>贵气。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其实,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>从历代明朝皇帝的御真画像或是描绘<span style="color: black;">平常</span>生活场景中<span style="color: black;">能够</span>看出,皇帝戴的都是那种黑帽子,即乌纱翼善冠(有金珠点缀的着衮服时戴(下图),无金珠点缀的着常服时戴(上图))。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q8.itc.cn/images01/20240518/ac9826eda8b34534a1212526fcd548a1.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/images01/20240518/7b743d53dd894055a39e83f22092598a.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">乌纱翼善冠</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">//i1.go2yd.com/image.php?url=0RJnJfNRDD</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">明万历皇帝十二章衮服</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q2.itc.cn/images01/20240518/3639e3505192493e8e763e711b92ca70.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">明神宗朱翊钧衮服像</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而从明定陵出土的那件金丝翼善冠实则是一件冥器,是给万历皇帝陪葬用的。<span style="color: black;">虽然说</span>金冠上的金丝制的很精细,但<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有800多克,是比较沉重的,显然不适合<span style="color: black;">平常</span>穿戴。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240518/203b03269add48349642d093d362548d.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">金丝翼善冠</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/images01/20240518/012149a76a5846fd8122a54a3d240935.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">金丝翼善冠</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">另一</span>,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>从<span style="color: black;">有些</span>画像中看,<span style="color: black;">好似</span><span style="color: black;">仅有</span>汉晋那时候戴冕,唐之后皇帝的服饰<span style="color: black;">好似</span>变了,<span style="color: black;">并不</span>然,衮冕<span style="color: black;">始终</span>都在(除某些<span style="color: black;">少许</span>民族政权)。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">明朝那时候依然有衮冕,就像前文所讲的那样,<span style="color: black;">仅在</span>祭天地、宗庙及正旦、冬至、册拜等极重要场合穿着。<span style="color: black;">区别</span>场合穿戴的服饰<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的,如洪武年间郊庙、省牲,皇太子诸王冠婚、醮戒,服通天冠、绛纱袍(后来其功能大部分被皮弁服代替)。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q1.itc.cn/images01/20240518/afc6f52cbe0941428d92bfa1092d01ab.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">明神宗万历皇帝衮冕服像</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/images01/20240518/e38818c0d86147c8b2e4fac6cef00daa.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">通天冠、绛纱袍</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q8.itc.cn/images01/20240518/5a7713206a76446eb3454c5a8e7d6528.jpeg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">从左至右分别是衮冕、通天冠服、皮弁服、武弁服、燕弁服,以及衮服</p>
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