甲状腺良性肿瘤术后要复查！若复发，这几种状况可能必要再次手术
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲状腺良性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>结节性甲状腺肿、甲状腺瘤，手术后仍有部分<span style="color: black;">病人</span>可能<span style="color: black;">显现</span>复发，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>术后<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>遵医嘱规律的随诊复查。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">复查项目<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>和甲功。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">复查<span style="color: black;">彩超</span></h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">针对甲状腺<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的诊断<span style="color: black;">办法</span>有多种，<span style="color: black;">例如</span><span style="color: black;">彩超</span>、CT、MRI或同位素扫描等。而超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，是甲状腺结节的首选<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">不仅<span style="color: black;">能够</span>探测甲状腺肿块的<span style="color: black;">体积</span>、数目、形态，<span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>确定囊、实性，判断肿瘤<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>包膜完整，内部和<span style="color: black;">周边</span>的血流<span style="color: black;">状况</span>、以及<span style="color: black;">周边</span>淋巴结的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">对直径大于2mm的结节，超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>较其他影像学<span style="color: black;">检测</span>灵敏度更高；<span style="color: black;">况且</span>方便、便宜，对<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，不失为物美价廉的<span style="color: black;">检测</span>手段。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">复查甲功 </h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">手术切除肿瘤，<span style="color: black;">必定</span>会切除部分<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">所有</span>的甲状腺腺体，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>甲状腺腺体负责分泌甲状腺素来调节人体代谢，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>手术切除后，或多或少会影响甲状腺素的分泌，改变<span style="color: black;">身体</span>的激素水平。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>这种改变超出正常范围，可能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>手术<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的甲状腺功能变化，<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>表现为继发性甲减或较术前相对甲减。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>术后均需<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>外源性甲状腺素，<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>口服甲状腺素片或左旋甲状腺素，以保持<span style="color: black;">身体</span>甲状腺素水平在正常范围。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>复发，<span style="color: black;">必须</span>手术吗？</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在随诊时，有经验的外科<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>常规<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>复发的肿瘤，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>估计复发肿瘤的性质。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">即使<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>甲状腺局部肿瘤复发，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>并非均需再次手术。 </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">仅有</span>对<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，才<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>再次手术：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">复发肿瘤<span style="color: black;">很强</span>（直径<span style="color: black;">通常</span>在2~3cm以上），不除外恶变可能（尤其对老年结节<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，<span style="color: black;">少许</span>可<span style="color: black;">显现</span>恶变，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>间变成未分化癌），或有<span style="color: black;">显著</span>压迫气管、食管的症状，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>吞咽、<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>不畅等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">预防复发，除了<span style="color: black;">定时</span>做<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，生活细节中<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>保持良好的<span style="color: black;">心理</span>，适当<span style="color: black;">熬炼</span>身体以<span style="color: black;">加强</span>身体抵抗力，适当多吃<span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span>蔬果、少吃辛辣油腻的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">总体<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，良好的生活方式对预防<span style="color: black;">各样</span>病症都是有益的。</p>
感谢你的精彩评论，带给我新的思考角度。
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