神经系统英语词汇，看这一篇就够了
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">原创 阿尔法君 阿尔法医学英语 4天前</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">点击蓝字</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/b4e53e60572b457e824e084b1084a592~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=ZNfpbTrLkpD5kIP9pFJ657KUPxQ%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">关注<span style="color: black;">咱们</span></p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/84ff3c071c7948cb95c9fa1c0a350de3~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=3pRuOyc%2B1RChn5tywSZfw51cdLM%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">赠人玫瑰，手留余香</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">知识需要分享！</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/05540dc0918c437490f176f99a04f5c4~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=fRHSCkg7DPuDzXzV3449RJU4lIk%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这是和<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">一块</span>学习The Language of Medicine 11th edition 精华系列之五：神经系统。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/fe85ab8422ef4b33815f325a7f10c6f5~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=g3OWbUrkvKBdN0buVMqVSfVkZPc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第1</span>部分：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>从这个经典的口诀<span style="color: black;">起始</span>：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">十二对颅神经</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一嗅二视三动眼</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">四滑五叉六外展</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">七面八听九舌咽</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">迷走及副舌下全</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">想<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>老外是怎么愉（Ku）快(bi)地记这些颅神经的吗？<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>有口诀：</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/26d5259296c447128aef1879fb8df676~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=k5dV6%2BSDnq1bKqFHreBWW4cpOsc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这比起<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的口诀简直弱爆了，有木有？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">背了这么<span style="color: black;">数年</span>的口诀，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span><span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>的外国名字吧：</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/77d168f793e7430eb513d4a9e4190bd9~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=7YAOwVnsONLz5joaaWLEEUx%2FmGg%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1. olfactory</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2. optic</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3. oculomotor</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4. trochlear</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5. trigeminal</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6. abducens</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7. facial</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">8. vestibulocochlear (auditory)</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">9. glossopharyngeal</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">10. vagus</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">11. accessory</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">12. hypoglossal</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这十二条颅神经，你能对应口诀里的吗？</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/b3b12b32912e44bfbc16144fae67fc62~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=kQNF4zjdWLBJ%2FSQtzSOHVn%2FWnTo%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">第二部分：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">最重要的词根：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">cerebell/o: cerebellum 小脑</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">cerebellar 小脑的</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">cerebellitis 小脑炎</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">cerebellopontine 小脑脑桥</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/e7ef099521e245b496eec64e423b3437~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=M32PHg7F9mdPSQieQApd%2FmlBG64%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">cerebr/o: cerebrum 大脑</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">cerebral 大脑的</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">cerebral artery 大脑动脉</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">cerebral cortex 大脑皮层</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/1d6f2611355d4d47b75767cb8ae38f32~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=Y%2BGlE%2BH%2FqCHi9RAiLQ%2BeLYDw6uU%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">encephala/: brain 脑</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">encephalitis 脑炎</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">encephalopathy 脑病 （hepatic encephalopahty）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">electroencephalogram</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/0e1ac2c9ecc94393b38aea357d8e82cd~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=BSH2%2FeTlltFMDsW3SFLZLMlTDpA%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Mening/o：脑膜</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Meningitis 脑膜炎</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Meningeal 脑膜的</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Meningioma 脑膜瘤</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/ac7de2dd814448b88824d4221f88a672~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=Us6UK3rHTaS3XfK8fwHz5tw5plk%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Kinesia: movement 运动</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Bradykinesia 运动徐缓 </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（见于Parkison disease）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Dyskinesia 运动<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span></p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/c468baf3414043bab92aeaef4d3a8050~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=8u7UEBVv22lQdfkz6QpLHx9RdR8%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Esthesia: 感觉</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Hyperesthesia 感觉过敏</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Anaesthesia <span style="color: black;">麻木</span> （<span style="color: black;">无</span>感觉）</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/929accaedc054d9fb5bfa920a0e539f1~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=hlBBfK3sDJ%2F18vESq78QHyPRThk%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Paresis: 无力</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Hemiparesis 轻偏瘫</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/234f8aea78c84a64baf62a4106cf5082~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=zGtQxsJVtLRKeK3lnHizNp5Us7o%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Plegia: 瘫痪</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Hemiplegia</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Paraplegia</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Quadraplegia</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这几个看下图就明白了 </p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">（但要学会<span style="color: black;">把握</span>这些词根：hemi -, para -, quadra-）</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/e28f787025de4530952cfd149e00a061~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=qEMSmgwJXp9mOKE7Vszj%2BW3cNb4%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/f8ef5a5207f447e883d4f68e91b28189~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=vUNqA7CuG83xE366LFYq56ZlQXg%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">第三部分：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">神经系统有个<span style="color: black;">特别有</span>意思的词是arachoid，有个经典的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>是subarachoid hemorrhage.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Arachoid 这个词<span style="color: black;">源自</span>于希腊神话。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在希腊神话中，<span style="color: black;">据述</span>有一位心灵手巧的凡人少女，名叫阿拉喀涅（ Arachne ）。她<span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">善于</span>刺绣，并骄傲地宣<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>就连智慧女神雅典娜的手艺<span style="color: black;">亦</span>比不上她。雅典娜<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>了非常生气，化身为一个老太婆下凡，找到阿拉喀涅，劝告她要对神保持谦卑之心。心高气傲的阿拉喀涅<span style="color: black;">不愿</span><span style="color: black;">遵循</span>雅典娜的劝告。于是雅典娜现出原形，要与阿拉喀涅比赛刺绣手艺。雅典娜绣的内容是自己和波塞冬争夺雅典城的故事，四个角上还绣了四个凡人<span style="color: black;">由于</span>不敬重神灵而被神严惩的故事。阿拉喀涅绣的则是神灵撒谎行恶的丑事，如宙斯勾引<span style="color: black;">许多</span>凡间女子的风流故事。两人的手艺<span style="color: black;">平起平坐</span>，但阿拉喀涅绣的内容大大激怒了雅典娜。她愤怒地毁掉了阿拉喀涅的作品，并用梭子在她额头上连敲三下，将其变<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>一只蜘蛛，罚她永远都要织网。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">阿拉喀涅的名字 Arachne 在希腊语中<span style="color: black;">便是</span>“蜘蛛”的意思，蜘蛛（spider）的学名<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于此。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">arachn-：蜘蛛</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">arachnid：[əræknɪd] n. 蛛形纲动物 adj. 蛛形纲动物的</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">arachnoid：[əræknɒɪd] n. 蛛网膜 adj. 蛛网状的，蛛网膜的</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/d989745b89354643b0c426cec6463055~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=QaVG3Q87JDh1A8Ozdh6xYmrYLmA%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/fcab8e72d095405094b4077734c989a4~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=%2BAlFJcHoyyHHkY2tGPcpycoHdU4%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/445d27c0b9be4341ad271ee0390f72ab~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=BUFJWUeUtP0HrbjuIayp17BPYMY%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">第四部分：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">神经系统中最重要的词汇都在下图中了：</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/0f0787e2a2f246b2b89714af4ef61e0d~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=f4yr%2BmqSLuNaHobTO4kXvvxWZek%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/d382ef449fee4214a54bd1f6776b339a~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=aRbi%2Fphkjo4cCVhEOqMPO7k8xEc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/bd871925f39640bd8114e4822ea885f6~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=og3ewChfLE%2FOXegSbnb1f6fqWoE%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">afferent nerve 和 efferent nerve很容易混淆，阿尔法君在流感一文中（春节来了，流感未走！）有过<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>的解释。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/d8915b3188e54a8d83737c83a5b44156~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725088467&x-signature=d6YR7vZAPxGlozcd%2BGBQd9PBYME%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">纳尼？你还<span style="color: black;">无</span>最新版的The Language of Medicine （第 11 版）？？小伙伴都<span style="color: black;">已然</span>学了好多了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">The Language of Medicine 11th edition 系列：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">医学术语的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>：词的<span style="color: black;">形成</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>系统关键医学词汇，一文搞定！</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">泌尿系统的关键医学英语词汇，一文搞定！</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">血液系统关键医学词汇，一文搞定！</p>
这篇文章真的让我受益匪浅，外链发布感谢分享！ 感谢你的精彩评论，为我的思绪打开了新的窗口。
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