甲状腺癌术后的“黄金十年”,你晓得吗?
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“黄金十年”的说法略带浮夸和土豪气息,但并不影响它<span style="color: black;">精细</span>地表达了术后十年这个时间段对DTC(分化型甲状腺癌)<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的高度<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>性。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">由于</span>,<span style="color: black;">博主</span>在遍访甲状腺名家大咖之后,真心觉得有一句话如骨鲠在喉,不吐不快:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“分化型甲状腺癌术后<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,千万要好好爱自己!”</p>“<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>要给这份爱加一个期限,我<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>——<span style="color: black;">最少</span>是十年!”<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">▸术后十年<span style="color: black;">为么</span>是“黄金十年”</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">为何</span>?请看<span style="color: black;">科研</span>数据和指南。</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">上图清晰地告诉<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>,<span style="color: black;">没</span>论是局部复发,还是转移复发,三分之二都<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在术后十年以内!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">可见,从防控肿瘤复发<span style="color: black;">危害</span>的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>,这十年非常<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>,<span style="color: black;">根据</span><span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>严格随访必不可少!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但据<span style="color: black;">博主</span>遍访全国各地甲状腺专家的结果,术后三年还能<span style="color: black;">保持</span>按时随访的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,全国各大医院大多不到40%。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而失访的后果——可能再次躺上熟悉的手术床时,才会真正领悟……</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>说术后十年是“黄金十年”,还有一个<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>——TSH<span style="color: black;">控制</span>治疗副<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">危害</span>集中蓄积的<span style="color: black;">周期</span>,恰恰<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在这十年以内!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span>,<span style="color: black;">所说</span>TSH<span style="color: black;">控制</span>治疗,<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">吃下</span>超生理<span style="color: black;">必须</span>量的左甲状腺素,把可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肿瘤复发的TSH(促甲状腺激素)<span style="color: black;">控制</span>在一个合适的范围以内。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>超生理<span style="color: black;">必须</span>量的摄入左甲状腺激素,<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>事实上<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>亚临床甲亢状态,心血管、骨骼等<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>器官不可避免地会受到慢性<span style="color: black;">损伤</span>——这<span style="color: black;">便是</span>TSH<span style="color: black;">控制</span>治疗的副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">▸<span style="color: black;">为何</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>说术后十年TSH<span style="color: black;">控制</span>副<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">损伤</span>会集中蓄积呢?</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">答案在国内权威的《甲状腺结节与分化型甲状腺癌诊治指南》里:</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">对绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>而言,超生理<span style="color: black;">必须</span>量的TSH<span style="color: black;">控制</span>治疗并非是终生的,只要<span style="color: black;">无</span>肿瘤复<span style="color: black;">发布</span>现,<span style="color: black;">一般</span>5-10年之后即转为生理剂量的甲状腺激素替代治疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>心脏和骨骼等器官组织所受到的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>损害,<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是集中在5-10年的TSH<span style="color: black;">控制</span>治疗周期内。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">可见,<span style="color: black;">所说</span>“黄金十年”,其实<span style="color: black;">便是</span>复发和副<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">危害</span>“高密度聚集”的十年。对这十年的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>管控效果,将深度影响<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>后续30年、40年,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>终生的健康水平和生活质量。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">通俗点说,这十年<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>做得咋样,<span style="color: black;">必定</span>程度上决定了今后<span style="color: black;">一生</span>过得咋样!</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">▸<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>把握“黄金十年”</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一,严格的随访管理</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">遵从医嘱按时进行各项随访<span style="color: black;">检测</span>——一次都<span style="color: black;">不可</span>少,一项都<span style="color: black;">不可</span>漏。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">遵循医嘱按时按量服药——千万不要<span style="color: black;">根据</span>自己的感觉随意增减药量,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>擅自停药。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">总之一句话:当一个听话的术后“宝宝”就对了!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二,个体化的管理</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而<span style="color: black;">所说</span>健康管理,其实<span style="color: black;">便是</span>生活方式管理。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>养成良好的生活习惯——不熬夜、不抽烟、少喝<span style="color: black;">或</span>不喝酒,对防肿瘤复发和缓解TSH<span style="color: black;">控制</span>副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>都有着不可小觑的<span style="color: black;">道理</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-97c0e23572b847f8373ef2479c1970f8_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-508c3066634d5d0fc532088d5a2e8d2c_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>针对性地调配膳食结构,<span style="color: black;">按照</span>个人<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>,以及DTC术后防复发、<span style="color: black;">守护</span>心血管和强健骨骼的健康需求特征,针对性<span style="color: black;">选取</span>食材和烹饪方式。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不应</span>吃的不吃或少吃,该吃的<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>科学地吃。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-80a3ff7055a904aced5aa65dcc633a06_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>科学的运动,运动不仅能够强化心血管,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>骨密度,对抗TSH<span style="color: black;">控制</span>副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,<span style="color: black;">按照</span>2016年美国《JAMA》(《美国医学杂志》)百万人群流行病学调查结果,<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>运动可降低<span style="color: black;">最少</span>13种癌症的发病率,其中以甲状腺癌为主的头颈癌的发病率降低了15%。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-10347139d747a69dc99eff517d6024a2_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>提示<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>运动降低复发<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。但运动要<span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>个体<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,科学<span style="color: black;">选取</span>运动方式、强度和<span style="color: black;">连续</span>时间等,避免运动<span style="color: black;">损害</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">再<span style="color: black;">例如</span><span style="color: black;">心情</span>管理,<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>:压抑型、孤僻型和<span style="color: black;">急切</span>型的人格容易<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肿瘤<span style="color: black;">出现</span>,而不良<span style="color: black;">心情</span>对心血管和骨骼健康都会产生<span style="color: black;">有害</span>影响。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>心理咨询、冥想、音乐、亲友倾诉、病友活动、培养兴趣<span style="color: black;">兴趣</span>等方式疏导<span style="color: black;">心情</span>,<span style="color: black;">一样</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是抓住“黄金十年”不可或缺的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>,只要<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在术后十年按时随访,科学调药,养成良好生活方式,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>十年的自我健康管理,不仅能把<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>的健康损失抢回来,还有望赢得三十年、四十年,乃至<span style="color: black;">一辈子</span>的健康!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这正是:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">手术是<span style="color: black;">重要</span>,随访不可少。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">术后十年期,君莫看轻了!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">参考文献:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Mazzaferri EL, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;86(4):1447-1463.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">滕卫平,高明《甲状腺结节和分化型甲状腺癌诊治指南》2012,P26</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Association of Leisure-Time Physical Activity With Risk of 26 Types of Cancer in 1.44 Million Adults.JAMA Intern Med 2016 Jun 1;176(6):816-25 PMID:27183032</p>
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