论坛 › 宁夏 › 甲癌怎么样确诊？ 3种办法就可搞定，其中的基因检测你懂吗？

qzmjef 发表于 2024-6-21 19:45:01

甲癌怎么样确诊？ 3种办法就可搞定，其中的基因检测你懂吗？

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">随着体检的频繁，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲状腺问题被<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的越来越“<span style="color: black;">即时</span>”，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>其<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了问题，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">难免</span>慌张起来，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">想要<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>它到底是个好东西呢？</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">还是个坏东东呢？</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">​</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">
      <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-62a35dfb073a36938ff529614b5e9ed0_b.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    </div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>彩超(<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>)影像</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当然，操作规范且有经验的彩超<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>凭借影像<span style="color: black;">能够</span>推断好坏，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">如最新指南<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-a9548a5068a7590714981d8989e22eed_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">乳头状癌常为实性或大部分实性的低回声改变；常伴有不规则的边缘浸润和结节内丰富的血供；微小钙化对乳头状癌<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>特异性较强，但<span style="color: black;">很难</span>与胶质分辨清。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">滤泡状癌多为等回声或高回声改变并有较厚的不规则晕圈，但<span style="color: black;">无</span>微小钙化。直径<span style="color: black;">少于</span>2cm的滤泡状癌多不伴有远处转移。-美国甲状腺协会《甲状腺结节和分化型甲状腺癌诊疗指南》</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">彩超搞定不了，那就想想其他办法。</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，就有了以下两种<span style="color: black;">检测</span>应运而生。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">
      <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-62a35dfb073a36938ff529614b5e9ed0_b.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    </div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>细针穿刺细胞学<span style="color: black;">检测</span>(FNA)</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">针对甲状腺良、恶性结节鉴别诊断首选细针穿刺<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。FNA活检结果分为：</p><span style="color: black;">没</span>法确诊；未<span style="color: black;">知道</span>性质的滤泡样变 (恶变率5-10%)；不确定的或可疑新生物 (恶变率15-25%)：<span style="color: black;">包含</span>囊性新生物或Hurthle细胞新生物；可疑恶性 (恶性率50-75%)；恶性 (恶性率&gt;95%)良性<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但单纯的FNA<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>的局限性，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>其标本种有10%-30%的标本<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">知道</span>甲状腺结节的性质。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，想要再进一步确认，甲状腺癌基因突变检测的<span style="color: black;">优良</span>就显现出来了。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-429bbb98e2e28e4a583b338d2dc52f01_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">
      <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-62a35dfb073a36938ff529614b5e9ed0_b.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    </div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>基因检测</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在<span style="color: black;">认识</span>甲状腺癌基因检测之前，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">或你<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>关于甲状腺癌的分型，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span>下面<span style="color: black;">相关</span>甲状腺癌基因检测的分子标记物或许你会更加看得懂<span style="color: black;">有些</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲状腺癌<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>以下几种类型：</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-c8d7b7086f3318291aac7ebae65f78f2_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>(占比摘自文献，有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>出入，供参考)<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">甲状腺癌<span style="color: black;">关联</span>基因标志物：</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-601ad6f32fd92803569ff302b7afb785_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>(可点开看大图I汇总的很清楚了)<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，相信<span style="color: black;">大众</span>看上面基因突变<span style="color: black;">归类</span>，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">应该<span style="color: black;">能够</span>大致明白哪一种基因突变，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">会对应<span style="color: black;">显现</span>哪一种甲状腺癌类型。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当然，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>辅助基因，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一同来确诊才更<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>说服力。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">tips:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)BRAF基因突变阳性者，90%伴有V600e重组<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>此类<span style="color: black;">病人</span>对碘131的治疗反应性较差，即BRAF突变使得碘-131<span style="color: black;">没</span>法进入肿瘤细胞，从而<span style="color: black;">引起</span>吸碘率会下降，影响碘131的疗效，<span style="color: black;">作为</span>碘难治性甲状腺癌。（但如今<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有相应治疗手段)</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)RAS基因突变常<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>其他类型变异，如细胞学<span style="color: black;">检测</span>为“滤泡性病变并伴RAS突变阳性”，则提示为甲状腺乳头状癌滤泡亚型或甲状腺瘤(即为甲状腺滤泡癌转变<span style="color: black;">周期</span>).</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">
      <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-62a35dfb073a36938ff529614b5e9ed0_b.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    </div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">基因检测的<span style="color: black;">有些</span>小问题</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">什么<span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>做基因检测？</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">答：<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>你彩超和细针穿刺活检都不确定你的类型，你又很想<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>它是不是个坏东西，那你<span style="color: black;">能够</span>去检测一下。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>你穿刺结果<span style="color: black;">知道</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就不必要做基因检测的(<span style="color: black;">由于</span>价格还挺贵)，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>你<span style="color: black;">必须</span>碘-131，而你又是乳头状癌，那<span style="color: black;">能够</span>做一个基因检测，以防碘治疗效果<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当然<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>做甲状腺靶向药多为靶点<span style="color: black;">控制</span>剂，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>需基因检测。国内<span style="color: black;">状况</span>和国外<span style="color: black;">状况</span>又是不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>的，有些靶向药在国内<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">准许</span>上市，做基因检测<span style="color: black;">道理</span>暂时不大。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">就算要做基因检测，你不<span style="color: black;">必须</span>检测<span style="color: black;">各样</span>五花八门的基因。检测<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的基因<span style="color: black;">就可</span>，如BRAF、RAS、TERT、PAX8-PPARγ 等<span style="color: black;">就可</span>，实在不想做<span style="color: black;">那样</span>多，检测BRAF-V600E这个就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>了！</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">
      <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-62a35dfb073a36938ff529614b5e9ed0_b.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    </div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">以上<span style="color: black;">便是</span>2+1 &gt;3的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，即判断甲状腺结节良恶性的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其中“2”是彩超和细针穿刺活检，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“1”<span style="color: black;">便是</span>基因检测了。<span style="color: black;">这般</span>说，</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">是不是很好理解呢？</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>甲状腺<span style="color: black;">关联</span>知识病友日志：都在公众号【甲甲说甲甲】</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">
      <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/v2-7c455403fe33be093e7d3a3a0d480e6a_b.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    </div>

nykek5i 发表于 2024-9-25 19:06:46

谷歌外贸网站优化技术。

nykek5i 发表于 2024-9-27 18:30:59

我赞同你的看法，你的智慧让人佩服，谢谢分享。

1fy07h 发表于 2024-10-16 07:42:03

seo常来的论坛，希望我的网站快点收录。

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