营销学中的4P理论是什么？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">今天在上课时不<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>怎么<span style="color: black;">说到</span>了营销学理论，结果不<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>是<span style="color: black;">无</span>讲还是都忘了，又重新简单过了一下营销学理论。<span style="color: black;">首要</span>还是<span style="color: black;">说到</span>了传统营销学理论：4P理论。就<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">好似</span>经常有人讲这个理论，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>真正用的<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>用的却不多，<span style="color: black;">常常</span>还有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人感觉<span style="color: black;">已然</span>过时了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1.什么是4P理论</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">杰瑞·麦卡锡（Jerry McCarthy）教授在其《营销学》（Marketing，<span style="color: black;">第1</span>版，出版于1960年<span style="color: black;">上下</span>）最早提出了这个理论。<span style="color: black;">能够</span>说这是营销学<span style="color: black;">或</span>传统营销学中的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>理论。为4个英语首字母为“P”的单词，分别为：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Product：<span style="color: black;">制品</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Price：价格</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Place：<span style="color: black;">途径</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Promotion：促销</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2.4P理论过时了吗？</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在4P理论之后又<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>个营销学理论，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>4C、4R、4S、4I等理论，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人就在疑惑，4P理论<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>过时了？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其实在营销学中，我感觉不太存在过时与否的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">是不是</span>过时取决于理论<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>影响现代的营销理念。在我看来，4P理论在<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的营销活动中仍然<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">指点</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Product：<span style="color: black;">制品</span></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在传统营销中，要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span><span style="color: black;">是不是</span>满足用户的<span style="color: black;">需要</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在现代营销：企业在<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的营销活动或活动策划时，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>要做相应的营销活动，<span style="color: black;">首要</span>要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span><span style="color: black;">那些</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>参与活动，<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的库存<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>充足等</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Price：价格</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在传统营销中<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>顾客购买<span style="color: black;">制品</span>时的价格，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>折扣、支付期限等。价格<span style="color: black;">或</span>价格决策，关系到企业的利润、成本<span style="color: black;">赔偿</span>、以及<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>有利于<span style="color: black;">制品</span><span style="color: black;">营销</span>、促销等问题。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在现代营销中：企业在<span style="color: black;">制品</span>定价时依旧要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>的利润空间、<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的活动价格等。<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>要<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>地去<span style="color: black;">思虑</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>定价怎么样既能<span style="color: black;">保准</span>利润，又能使<span style="color: black;">目的</span>人群心动。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Place：<span style="color: black;">途径</span></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在传统营销中，<span style="color: black;">营销</span><span style="color: black;">途径</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>指的是线下<span style="color: black;">途径</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在现代营销学中，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>不仅要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>线下的营销<span style="color: black;">途径</span>，还要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>线上营销<span style="color: black;">途径</span>。在线上<span style="color: black;">途径</span>中，不仅要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>的<span style="color: black;">营销</span><span style="color: black;">途径</span>，还要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>的宣传<span style="color: black;">途径</span>，<span style="color: black;">这里</span><span style="color: black;">时期</span>还要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>相应的成本，<span style="color: black;">选取</span>合适的平台和方式。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Promotion：促销</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">传统营销学中，促销指<span style="color: black;">包含</span>品牌宣传（<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>）、公关、促销等一系列的营销<span style="color: black;">行径</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在现代营销中，促销依然非常重要，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>在互联网时代，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>用户接触信息的<span style="color: black;">途径</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>，用户可<span style="color: black;">选取</span>的<span style="color: black;">制品</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>多种多样，这对企业营销的促销方式和内容就提出了更高的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。</p>
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