出口流程大全,实用保藏!
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">想从事外贸行业的话,外贸流程这块<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要<span style="color: black;">认识</span>清楚,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>流程算是比较<span style="color: black;">基本</span>的<span style="color: black;">有些</span>东西,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>清楚这些,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>在遇到客户的时候,<span style="color: black;">晓得</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>去处理。今天就来给<span style="color: black;">大众</span>分享一下关于外贸流程这块的依稀事情。</p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>出口贸易流程</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">外贸出口贸易流程<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>:报价、订货、付款方式、备货、包装、报检、报关、装船、提单、交单、结汇,为了<span style="color: black;">大众</span>能<span style="color: black;">更易</span>理解,并且能按简单易懂地<span style="color: black;">根据</span><span style="color: black;">过程</span>走,我<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">一样</span>做了出口贸易流程图:</span></span></p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-axegupay5k/1dc17000d5fd4221a417aa832c415acd~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1725862148&x-signature=FOwAgN4nf%2FKIUjZ95gwPJVKWGp4%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">出口贸易流程图</p>
</div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、开拓用户</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">相<span style="color: black;">针对</span>进口,出口贸易流程中最大的难点在于前期开拓用户,获取订单。毕竟有客户才会有之后的流程。<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的开拓用户有以下这些:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(1)</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">平台,</span></strong><span style="color: black;">在平台上发布<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,接受客户的询盘。平台有免费有付费,像亚马逊就是不错的平台。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(2)</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">参展</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,参加线下展会。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(3)</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">邮件<span style="color: black;">研发</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">,主动<span style="color: black;">经过</span>Google<span style="color: black;">或</span>Linkedin去搜寻,又<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>软件搜查客户,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>写电子<span style="color: black;">研发</span>邮件寻找客户。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(4)</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">SEO/SEM推广,</span></strong><span style="color: black;">SEM/SEO<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是围绕外贸独立站与谷歌搜索引擎的一种获客方式。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">(5)</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">社媒营销,</span></strong><span style="color: black;">社媒营销<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是<span style="color: black;">入住</span>Facebook,Twitter,Youtube等国外著名社媒平台进行内容营销,从而获客。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">外贸获客<span style="color: black;">常常</span>是一个<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">累积</span>的过程,<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>时候一<span style="color: black;">起始</span>都<span style="color: black;">无</span>订单,不管是外贸业务员又<span style="color: black;">或</span>是个人,都要<span style="color: black;">调节</span>好自己的<span style="color: black;">心理</span>,积极做好复盘,<span style="color: black;">才可</span>在日后<span style="color: black;">研发</span>出<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的客户,后面有说<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>跟进好外贸客户,认为有用给个点赞加分享吧。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、报价</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">在出口贸易流程中<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">是由于</span>询盘、报盘<span style="color: black;">做为</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>。通俗<span style="color: black;">道理</span>上<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>说“询价、报价”,但<span style="color: black;">实质</span>的内容<span style="color: black;">包含</span>:所购<span style="color: black;">制品</span>量的标准等级、质量等级、规格型号、技术参数、包装方式、交货期的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>、运输方式,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>是价格。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">常用的报价基于三种贸易术语:</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">FOB“船上交货”、CFR“成本加运费”、CIF“成本、保险费加运费”</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、订货</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">贸易双方就报价达成意向后,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>需<span style="color: black;">签定</span>《购货合同》,约定商品名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>、规格型号、数量、价格、包装、产地、装运期、目的港、付款方式、索赔、仲裁等内容这标志着出口业务的正式<span style="color: black;">起始</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4、付款方式</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">信用证付款方式(L/C)、电汇(TT)付款方式和直接付款,是比较常用的国际付款方式。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">①信用证付款方式,②电汇付款方式,③直接付款方式</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,客人<span style="color: black;">最少</span>付款的30%;出货前或装船后付清余额;否则不给正本提单。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5、备货</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">备货在<span style="color: black;">全部</span>贸易流程中,居于举足轻重的重要地位,技术、数量和交期须<span style="color: black;">根据</span>合同逐一落实,尤其在L/C付款<span style="color: black;">要求</span>下交期更显重要。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">6、包装</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">包装是<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的重要<span style="color: black;">构成</span>部分,必须要在<span style="color: black;">守护</span>性、标识方面做到合格和专业。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">7、通关手续</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">①属法定检验的出口商品,须办出口商品检验证书,这是出口报关的前提。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">②有的客户还会<span style="color: black;">需求</span>第三方<span style="color: black;">公司</span>的检验证实或自己派验货员过来检验,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>需要<span style="color: black;">即时</span>联络、送检和取得证书,在L/C付款方式下,此检验证实<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是需要提交的重要单据。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">8、装船</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">出口贸易流程中,无论做FOB还是CIF,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>都要积极与货代联系定舱,越早越好,让货代<span style="color: black;">选取</span>价格优惠、信誉好、船期、航程核实的船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,应在交货期两周之前向货代发出书面订舱<span style="color: black;">通告</span>,随后尽早确认拉柜日期。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">①整装集装箱(<span style="color: black;">亦</span>叫整柜出货)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">②拼装集装箱:<span style="color: black;">通常</span>按出口货物的体积或重量计算运费</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">9、运输保险</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一般</span>双方在<span style="color: black;">签定</span>《购货合同》中已实现约定运输保险的<span style="color: black;">关联</span>事项。<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的保险有海洋货物运输保险、陆空邮货运输保险等。其中海洋运输货物保险条款所承保的险别,分为基本险别和附加险别两类:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">①基本险别有<span style="color: black;">安全</span>险、水渍险和一切险三种</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">②附加险别。附加险别有<span style="color: black;">通常</span>附加险和<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>附加险两种类型。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">十、</span>提单</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">提单是出口商办理完出口通关手续、海关放行后,由外运<span style="color: black;">机构</span>签出、供进口商提货、结汇所用单据,所签提单<span style="color: black;">按照</span>信用证所提<span style="color: black;">需求</span>份数签发,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是三份。出口商留两份,办理退税等业务,一份寄给进口商用来办理提货等手续。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">11.结汇</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">出口货物装出之后,进出口<span style="color: black;">机构</span>即应<span style="color: black;">根据</span>信用证的规定、运输文件(箱单、发票、提单、出口产地证明、出口结汇)等单据。在信用证规定的交单有效期内,递交银行办理议付结汇手续。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>外贸新手<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,流程的<span style="color: black;">每一个</span><span style="color: black;">过程</span>都有不少需要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的事项,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>要细心<span style="color: black;">检测</span>确认,<span style="color: black;">根据</span><span style="color: black;">实质</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>相应<span style="color: black;">调节</span>,如有变动<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要先做好请示,<span style="color: black;">以避免</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>不必要的麻烦、产生严重后果。</span></span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>外贸客户怎么开拓</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">今天<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要把外贸开拓客户核心的三个问题拆分,让这种思路<span style="color: black;">知道</span>化,标准化,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>真正的用在<span style="color: black;">实质</span>的工作中。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、什么人在买?</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">经常会有人问,我想发<span style="color: black;">研发</span>信,请问我应该在谷歌搜索什么词呢?</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">问这个问题的人,是典型的不<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>什么人在买这个问题的人。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>,无论你是做什么<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,<span style="color: black;">第1</span>件事<span style="color: black;">便是</span>列出<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的买家,<span style="color: black;">重视</span>,这个<span style="color: black;">地区</span>是穷举,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>要<span style="color: black;">详细</span>,<span style="color: black;">详细</span>到某一个<span style="color: black;">制品</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如,某种面料,什么人在买?</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">衣服工厂!</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">不足</span>,远远<span style="color: black;">不足</span>,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>需要<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>到底是哪一种衣服,泳衣?内衣?衬衣?登山服?保暖?</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">每一种用途都要列出来,不可漏掉。</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如,某种化工品用途里写的很明白,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>在不饱和树脂的加工过程中,问题来了,不饱和树脂是某种<span style="color: black;">详细</span>的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>吗?很<span style="color: black;">显著</span>不是,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的工作<span style="color: black;">便是</span>要找出这些不饱和树脂到底<span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">那些</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、<span style="color: black;">为何</span>会买?</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>客户买某种<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的目的到底是什么?</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">同一个<span style="color: black;">制品</span>可能会有<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的用途,而<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的用途<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>可能就会有差异,这些<span style="color: black;">亦</span>都是<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要非常<span style="color: black;">认识</span>的。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的某一种化工<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>拿来做H发泡剂,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>拿来做兽药,更<span style="color: black;">能够</span>拿来做炸药,H发泡剂<span style="color: black;">需求</span>这种<span style="color: black;">制品</span>颗粒要均匀,纯度只要93就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>,而作兽药则<span style="color: black;">需求</span>颗粒要细,纯度要高,尤其是重金属含量要少之又少;炸药的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>则是各类更细,纯度更高,最好是95以上;</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">这些性质谈判中<span style="color: black;">必定</span>会<span style="color: black;">触及</span>到,否则客户就能判断出<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">基本</span>不专业。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个问题中列出了所有的用途,第二个问题则是对应着上面的问题,把<span style="color: black;">详细</span>的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>细节<span style="color: black;">所有</span>列出来。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、<span style="color: black;">为何</span><span style="color: black;">必定</span>找<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>买?</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>想过这个问题,否则怎么会有下面这些幼稚的想法:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">展会上拉客户<span style="color: black;">无</span>用,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>需要自然会进来,<span style="color: black;">无</span>需要拉了<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>用。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">——你算是哪根葱,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>多展位,有需要<span style="color: black;">必定</span>会找你?</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">跟踪客户有用吗?客户不需要跟踪<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是浪费时间,有需要自然会找我的。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">——等吧,饿死了<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不会有人可怜你。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">网络空前发达的今天,信息泛滥,客户不费任何力气就能找到一大堆供应商,当然,其中还有一部分是搅局者,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要获胜,<span style="color: black;">必定</span>需要具备获胜之道。</span></span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>快速看懂信用证</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">信用证虽然复杂,但<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不是毫无规律可循,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>信用证都是<span style="color: black;">经过</span>SWIFT电报在国际银行间传递的,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>有固定格式:</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">编码+条款属性+内容</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,接下来,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>将<span style="color: black;">经过</span>信用证中关键的条款编码,快速教<span style="color: black;">大众</span>看懂信用证。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、信用证的形式</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:40A FORM OF DOCUMENTARY CREDIT</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">实物贸易下的跟单信用证大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>为IRREVOCABLE ,即不可撤销信用证,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">这儿</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>的是REVOCABLE ,则<span style="color: black;">表率</span>可撤销信用证,两者区别在于,开证行对所开信用证可不必征求受益人或其他<span style="color: black;">关联</span>人员同意就进行撤销或修改 ,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>出口商<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,<span style="color: black;">危害</span>较高。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、四关键期限</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">信用证开证日期:</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:31C DATE OF ISSUE</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">开证行开出信用证的日期</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">最晚装船日:</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:44C LATEST DATE OF SHIPMENT</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">最晚装船日即货物最晚装船的日期</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">信用证有效期 :</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:31D DATE AND PLACE OF EXPIRY</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">交单<span style="color: black;">不可</span>晚于信用证有效期</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">交单期:</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:48 PERIOD FOR PRESENTATION</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">交单<span style="color: black;">不可</span>晚于装船日后的天数</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、受益人</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:59 BENEFICIARY</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">受益人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>简单理解为交单完成后收款账户的所有人,<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>会<span style="color: black;">知道</span>标明名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>、<span style="color: black;">位置</span>及其他身份信息。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4、货物描述</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:45A DESCRIPTION OF GOODS AND/OR SERVICES</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">会<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>的记录货品的信息,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>品名、金额、贸易术语等,需要逐字逐句核对,避免单据之间的不符点。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5、出具文件<span style="color: black;">需求</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:46A DOCUMENTS REQUIRED</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">会<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>列出兑付信用证所需<span style="color: black;">供给</span>的文件,<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的<span style="color: black;">包含</span>装箱单、<span style="color: black;">商场</span>发票、海运提单、重量单、保险单、原产地证等。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">6、附加条款</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:47A ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>46A中规定的文件<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>,例如设置<span style="color: black;">有些</span>固定限制,付款<span style="color: black;">需求</span>等。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">7、发货港和卸货港</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">发货港</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:44E PORT OF LOADING/AIRPORT OF DEPARTUR</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">卸货港</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:44F PORT OF DISCHARGE/ AIRPORT OF DESTINATION</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">8、银行<span style="color: black;">花费</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">条款:71D CHARGES</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">这儿</span>需要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是银行<span style="color: black;">花费</span>的支付方是谁,<span style="color: black;">详细</span>是哪个账户。</span></span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span>信用证操作流程</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、双方<span style="color: black;">签定</span>合同</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">买卖双方在签定合同之前,应当商定信用证的<span style="color: black;">运用</span>方式和细节,并<span style="color: black;">知道</span>信用证的开立<span style="color: black;">公司</span>、开证金额、开证期限、装运港口、目的港口等内容。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重视</span>事项:</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1.申请信用证前要仔细审核合同条款,<span style="color: black;">保证</span>合同内容清晰<span style="color: black;">知道</span>,信用证的规定符合国际贸易的惯例和<span style="color: black;">关联</span>法律法规,<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>后期<span style="color: black;">显现</span>纠纷。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2.<span style="color: black;">签定</span>合<span style="color: black;">同期</span>,要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>对方的信誉度和资信<span style="color: black;">情况</span>,<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>遭受欺诈<span style="color: black;">或</span>信用证被拒等<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.有必要<span style="color: black;">签定</span>书面合同,以备后续的维权和索赔。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、进口方向开证行提出申请信用证</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">买卖双方在达成合同后,进口方需要向开证行申请信用证,<span style="color: black;">供给</span>若干押金或其他担保,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>合同、发票、提单等<span style="color: black;">关联</span>文件,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>支付开证<span style="color: black;">花费</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">信用证的内容应该与合同中规定的货物数量、品质、单价、装运期限、目的港等内容一致。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">开证行审核申请文件后,决定<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>开立信用证。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、开证行将信用证寄给<span style="color: black;">通告</span>行</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">开证行将信用证寄给出口方所在地的分行或代理行(<span style="color: black;">通告</span>行)。银行<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>接受信用证或拒绝接受。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4、<span style="color: black;">通告</span>行将信用证转递给出口方</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>下信用证都是<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">通告</span>行转递给出口商,<span style="color: black;">这般</span>做对出口商是有利的。最大的好处<span style="color: black;">便是</span>规避了<span style="color: black;">危害</span>,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了安全度。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">如今,信用证都是以电文的方式在银行间传递,效率非常的高。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5、出口方装货,备妥单据以提交银行</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">出口方审查信用证认可后,<span style="color: black;">就可</span>按规定装运时间和交货地点发货。并在装船后<span style="color: black;">即时</span>准备并提交与信用证条款规定一致的的所有单据,开具汇票,在信用证有效期内送当地银行议付,以证明货物<span style="color: black;">已然</span>装运并满足信用证<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重视</span>事项:</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">出口方需要密切关注货物的运输和保险,<span style="color: black;">保证</span>货物能够<span style="color: black;">根据</span>信用证规定的时间和地点送达。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">6、出口方银行审核单据,转交进口方的银行</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">出口方银行收到单据后,需要对单据进行审核,以确认单据的真实性和符合信用证规定的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">确认汇票和单据符合信用证规定后,按汇票所开金额,扣除若干利息和手续费,先垫付给出口方。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">如<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>问题,需要<span style="color: black;">即时</span>向出口方通报并<span style="color: black;">需求</span>更正。确认单证无误后,银行会将单证发送给进口方的银行。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">7、<span style="color: black;">通告</span>进口方付款和提货</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">进口方的银行(开证行)经审单无误,并货物到港后,<span style="color: black;">通告</span>进口方付款。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">进口方收到<span style="color: black;">通告</span>后,付款并取得货运单据后,凭以提货。进口方银行再将款项转给出口方的银行。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">出口方银行收到货款后,将<span style="color: black;">通告</span>出口商提取提单并进行结算。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">案例分享</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">我国A<span style="color: black;">机构</span>向加拿大B<span style="color: black;">机构</span>以CIF术语出口一批货物,合同规定4月份装运。B<span style="color: black;">机构</span>于4月5日开来不可撤销信用证。此证按UCP600规定办理。证内规定:装运期不得晚于4月15日。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">此时我方已来不及办理租船订舱,立即<span style="color: black;">需求</span>B<span style="color: black;">机构</span>将装期延至5月15日。随后B<span style="color: black;">机构</span>来电<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>:同意展延船期,有效期<span style="color: black;">亦</span>顺延<span style="color: black;">一月</span>。我A<span style="color: black;">机构</span>于5月10日装船,提单签发日5月10日,并于5月14日将全套符合信用证规定的单据交银行办议付。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">问:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">我国A<span style="color: black;">机构</span>能否顺利收汇?<span style="color: black;">为何</span>?</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">答:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">A<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>结汇, 理由如下:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">①信用证的修改程序<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>出口商审证<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>有不可接受条款或<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>错误和与合同不符的条款时,向进口商提出改证<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>进口商同意修改,由进口商<span style="color: black;">经过</span>开证行办理改证手续。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">本案中A<span style="color: black;">机构</span>提出信用证装运期的延期<span style="color: black;">需求</span>仅得到B<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的允诺,并未由银行开出修改<span style="color: black;">通告</span>书,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>B<span style="color: black;">机构</span>同意修改是无效的。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">②信用证上规定装运期“不晚于4月15日”,而A<span style="color: black;">机构</span>所交提单的签发日为5月10日。与信用证规定不符,即单证不符,银行<span style="color: black;">能够</span>拒付。</span></span></p>
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