怎么样做一个农药外贸合同
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"> <span style="color: black;">日前</span>国际大环境日益<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>,农药外贸企业更应该<span style="color: black;">提高</span><span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 国际贸易过程中,起草贸易合同是<span style="color: black;">第1</span>道<span style="color: black;">危害</span>防线,<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是最容易<span style="color: black;">忽略</span>的防线。在和客户<span style="color: black;">签定</span>订单后,</span> <span style="color: black;">合同的以下细节<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>:</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/JAR6Y4LibdibicHPh388sfNhMWjyJmP7GG23XEemQBia4z5tBJcWZVDsLnBb4LpgCx7XLStOxg2L5VYY5BRF2lcHBQ/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1.<span style="color: black;">知道</span>签约合同主体</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">合同主体,<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>合同当事人。合同主体的资料应该<span style="color: black;">包括</span>:交易各方的名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>、<span style="color: black;">位置</span>、联系方式等。<span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">以上</span>内容必须是<span style="color: black;">知道</span>、<span style="color: black;">详细</span>、<span style="color: black;">独一</span>。合同主体的信息,<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会放在合同的首部<span style="color: black;">做为</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>内容。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重视</span>:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 在<span style="color: black;">实质</span>操作过程中,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是首单客户,<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要仔细核对对方的身份信息,<span style="color: black;">是不是</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">表率</span>合作方<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。<span style="color: black;">不可</span>只靠</span><span style="color: black;">Email</span><span style="color: black;">和名片就确认代理<span style="color: black;">行径</span>是合法的。<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要<span style="color: black;">经过</span>网络信息收集,中信保等多种<span style="color: black;">途径</span>确认客户信息和代理信息的真实性。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>对方联系人并非该企业的员工,超出职权订立合同,重则可能<span style="color: black;">上当</span>钱骗货,轻则日后产生纠纷,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>有可能会在后续的仲裁调解或诉讼过程中<span style="color: black;">处在</span><span style="color: black;">有害</span>地位。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.鉴于条款</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 鉴于条款,最早<span style="color: black;">源自</span>于英文合同的</span><span style="color: black;">“Recitals”</span><span style="color: black;">,<span style="color: black;">重点</span>介绍合同的签约背景(</span><span style="color: black;">bac<span style="color: black;">公斤</span>round</span><span style="color: black;">)。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>在涉外合同中常<span style="color: black;">平常</span>到,<span style="color: black;">从而</span>在<span style="color: black;">有些</span>国内的合同中<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>一般国际惯例,鉴于条款对合同双方是<span style="color: black;">无</span>约束力的。<span style="color: black;">实质</span>诉讼或仲裁过程中,法官或仲裁员<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>在认定鉴于条款<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>有效力这一问题上遵循国际惯例,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>就有可能判定鉴于条款是<span style="color: black;">无</span>法律约束力的。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 例:甲乙双方<span style="color: black;">按照</span>中华人民共和国《民法典》及<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的法律规定,经平等自愿协商,就农药<span style="color: black;">制品</span>买卖事宜<span style="color: black;">签定</span>本合同。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">鉴于条款</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">有利于<span style="color: black;">知道</span>合同<span style="color: black;">签定</span>的目的。合同的<span style="color: black;">签定</span>目的的<span style="color: black;">知道</span>有利于在双方<span style="color: black;">出现</span>纠纷时对合同的解释。合同正文中的<span style="color: black;">区别</span>条款存在矛盾后,</span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">鉴于条款</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">中<span style="color: black;">表现</span>的合同目的将<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>对合同条款进行正确的解释。</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">制品</span>信息条款</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 《联合国国际货物<span style="color: black;">营销</span>合同公约》规定,合同的<span style="color: black;">意见</span></span><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>写明货物并且明示或暗示地规定数量和价格或规定<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>确定数量和价格,即为十分确定</span><span style="color: black;">”</span><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">制品</span>信息条款需要<span style="color: black;">知道</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>的名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>,</span> <span style="color: black;">品质,数量,包装,价格等信息。农药原药<span style="color: black;">制品</span>名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>可用</span> <span style="color: black;">% </span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">暗示</span>。但制剂<span style="color: black;">由于</span>有比重和密度的影响,需要统一成 </span><span style="color: black;">g/<span style="color: black;">公斤</span> </span><span style="color: black;">或 </span><span style="color: black;">g/L</span><span style="color: black;">的写法。</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.1</span><span style="color: black;">品质</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">在农药<span style="color: black;">制品</span><span style="color: black;">营销</span>中,要对<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>检测信息做约定,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>含量,水分,</span><span style="color: black;">PH</span><span style="color: black;">值等。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3.1.1 <span style="color: black;">品质动机幅度</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">准许</span>卖方交货的品质与合同<span style="color: black;">需求</span>的品质略有<span style="color: black;">区别</span>,只要<span style="color: black;">无</span>超出机动幅度的范围,买方就无权拒收。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>有两种约定<span style="color: black;">办法</span>:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">一是约定<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的差异范围(例如:长度在</span>xx-xx<span style="color: black;">之间);</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">二是约定<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的上下极限(含水量最高在</span>5%<span style="color: black;">;</span><span style="color: black;">XX</span><span style="color: black;">含量最少为</span><span style="color: black;">60%</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">如<span style="color: black;">制品</span>含量符合</span><span style="color: black;">FAO</span><span style="color: black;">标准,含水量最高为</span><span style="color: black;">5%</span><span style="color: black;">等。<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>不要约定<span style="color: black;">详细</span>的数值。在实操过程中,机动幅度越大对供应商越有利。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.1.2 </span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">制品</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>条款</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 约定范围需要是以<span style="color: black;">制品</span>本身的理化性质为依托,容易<span style="color: black;">经过</span>第三方检测确定的。如含量,</span><span style="color: black;">PH</span><span style="color: black;">值,水分含量等。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>效果,<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>不做承诺性约定。如约定该<span style="color: black;">制品</span>在目的国小麦田的防效达到什么程度等。<span style="color: black;">区别</span>国家,区域的作物生长<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,气候和病虫害抗药性各不相同,很难都达到相同的防效。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.1.2 </span><span style="color: black;">品质增减价条款</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 依<span style="color: black;">附着</span>品质条款,是卖方交付货物的品质与合同中品质条款的<span style="color: black;">需求</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>差异时,对货物价格所做相应<span style="color: black;">调节</span>方面的规定。<span style="color: black;">按照</span>国内的外贸合约时间,品质增减价条款<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有</span>2<span style="color: black;">种订法:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">第1</span>,</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">对机动幅度内的品质差异,可按交货<span style="color: black;">实质</span>品质规定予以增价或减价。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 例如:在我国农药<span style="color: black;">制品</span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">出口合同中规定</span>:“<span style="color: black;">水分每增减</span><span style="color: black;">1%</span><span style="color: black;">, </span></span><span style="color: black;">价格相应的做出<span style="color: black;">调节</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 第二,</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">只对品质<span style="color: black;">小于</span>合同规定者扣价。在品质机动幅度范围内,交货品质<span style="color: black;">小于</span>合同规定者扣价,而高于合同规定者却不<span style="color: black;">增多</span>价格。为了更有效地约束卖方按规定的品质交货,还可规定<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的扣价办法。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 例如:在机动幅度范围内,交货品质<span style="color: black;">小于</span>合同规定</span>1%<span style="color: black;">,扣价</span><span style="color: black;">1%;</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">小于</span>合同规定</span><span style="color: black;">1%</span><span style="color: black;">以上者</span><span style="color: black;">,</span><span style="color: black;">则<span style="color: black;">加强</span>扣价比例。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">订立品质增减价条款<span style="color: black;">实质</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">守护</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>出口方,对<span style="color: black;">有些</span>不会影响<span style="color: black;">制品</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>的品质差异,有条款进行折价处理,而并非直接退货。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.2</span><span style="color: black;">数量</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 商品的数量是国际货物买卖合同中不可缺少的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">要求</span>之一。<span style="color: black;">根据</span>某些国家的法律规定,卖方交货数量必须与合同规定相符,否则,买方有权提出索赔,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>拒收货物。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而《联合国国际货物<span style="color: black;">营销</span>合同公约》<span style="color: black;">亦</span>规定,按约定的数量交付货物是卖方的一项基本义务。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 数量条款(</span><span style="color: black;">Quantity Clause</span><span style="color: black;">)的基本内容<span style="color: black;">包含</span>:规定交货的数量和<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的计量单位。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是按重量计算的货物,还要规定计算重量的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,如毛重、净重等。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 在<span style="color: black;">一般</span>的农药贸易中。原药<span style="color: black;">通常</span>以重量(<span style="color: black;">KG</span>)为约定单位。制剂的液体单位为体积(<span style="color: black;">L</span>),固体为(<span style="color: black;">KG</span>)。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.3</span><span style="color: black;">包装</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 包装条款(</span><span style="color: black;">Packing Clause</span><span style="color: black;">)<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>:商品包装的方式、材料、包装<span style="color: black;">花费</span><span style="color: black;">包袱</span>、运输标志、包装的文字说明、等内容。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">标志性内容</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 运输标志:唛头(</span><span style="color: black;">Shipping Marks</span><span style="color: black;">),它<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">是由于</span>一个简单的几何图形和<span style="color: black;">有些</span>字母、数字及简单的文字<span style="color: black;">构成</span>,其<span style="color: black;">功效</span>在于使货物在装卸、运输、保管过程中容易被<span style="color: black;">相关</span>人员识别,以防错发错运。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">需要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是,<span style="color: black;">区别</span>国家都唛头<span style="color: black;">需求</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>的内容<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>,可能<span style="color: black;">包含</span>原产地、合同号、许可证号和体积与重量等内容。制作唛头时<span style="color: black;">已然</span>要和客户反复确认。以防<span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>内容不符合当地国家的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>而<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>清关。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">指示性标志:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">指示性标志是提示人们在装卸、运输和保管过程中需要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的事项,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>都是以简单、醒目的图形和文字在包装上标出,<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>有人<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>其为<span style="color: black;">重视</span>标志。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">警告性标志:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>危险货物包装标志。凡运输包装内装有爆炸品、易燃物品、有毒物品、腐蚀物品、氧化剂和放射性物资等危险货物时,都必须在运输包装上标明用于<span style="color: black;">各样</span>危险品的标志,以示警告。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">尤其是农药<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,<span style="color: black;">区别</span>危险品类别所需要标识的警告性标志<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>。如</span><span style="color: black;">3</span><span style="color: black;">类危险品需要火焰标志等。警告性标识应与货物真实类别相适应。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 所有可能出<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>外包装上的内容应该在合同中做出约定尤其是唛头和警告性标志部分。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">包装<span style="color: black;">花费</span>条款:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 包装<span style="color: black;">花费</span><span style="color: black;">一般</span>是<span style="color: black;">包含</span>在货价之中,不另计收。但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>买方对包装有非常规<span style="color: black;">需求</span>,除非事先<span style="color: black;">知道</span>包装<span style="color: black;">花费</span><span style="color: black;">包括</span>在货价内,其超出的包装<span style="color: black;">花费</span>:<span style="color: black;">如客户<span style="color: black;">需要</span>的纸箱和瓶子不是常规瓶型,需要开模<span style="color: black;">或</span>材料成本过高等。原则上应由买方<span style="color: black;">包袱</span>,并应在合同中<span style="color: black;">详细</span>规定<span style="color: black;">包袱</span>的<span style="color: black;">花费</span>和支付<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3.4</span><span style="color: black;">价格</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 价格条款(</span><span style="color: black;">Price Clause</span><span style="color: black;">)<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>单价(</span><span style="color: black;">Unit Price</span><span style="color: black;">)和总值(</span><span style="color: black;">Amount</span><span style="color: black;">)<span style="color: black;">构成</span>。其中单价<span style="color: black;">包含</span>计量单位、单位价格金额、计价货币、价格术语四项内容。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">价格条款中需要尽可能<span style="color: black;">知道</span>地指明港口、<span style="color: black;">地区</span>或地点的<span style="color: black;">详细</span>地理位置。<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>的价格术语,需要列出<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的信息,<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">①装运时限(</span><span style="color: black;">Time of Shipment</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">②装运口岸</span><span style="color: black;">(Port of Loading)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">③目的口岸</span><span style="color: black;">(Port of Destination)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">④保险(</span><span style="color: black;">Insurance</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">⑤单据(</span><span style="color: black;">Documents</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">⑥装运<span style="color: black;">通告</span>(</span><span style="color: black;">Shipping Advice</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">⑦商品检验 </span><span style="color: black;">(Inspection)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4.</span><span style="color: black;">支付条款</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 在国际贸易合同中支付条款是对支付货款的货币、金额、方式、支付时间等的规定,它是合同中必不可缺的一部分。国际贸易的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>支付方式有汇款、托收和信用证(</span><span style="color: black;">L/C</span><span style="color: black;">)三种方式,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>国际贸易合同的支付条款<span style="color: black;">通常</span>应<span style="color: black;">详细</span>为汇付条款、托收条款和信用证条款。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">汇付</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">汇付的方式比较多,比较多企业会<span style="color: black;">运用</span>电汇(</span><span style="color: black;">T/T</span><span style="color: black;">);当约定<span style="color: black;">运用</span>电汇(</span><span style="color: black;">T/T</span><span style="color: black;">)方式时,应当在合同中<span style="color: black;">知道</span>约定汇付的时间、<span style="color: black;">详细</span>汇付的方式和汇付的<span style="color: black;">详细</span>币种与金额。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">托收</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 托收<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>出口商(卖方)<span style="color: black;">拜托</span>出口地银行<span style="color: black;">经过</span>它的海外联行,向外国进口商收取货款。托收<span style="color: black;">通常</span>分为</span><span style="color: black;">D/P</span><span style="color: black;">付款交单与</span><span style="color: black;">D/A</span><span style="color: black;">承兑交单。在<span style="color: black;">运用</span>托收方式时,应在买卖合同中<span style="color: black;">知道</span>规定交单<span style="color: black;">要求</span>、方式和买方的付款或承兑责任以及付款期限等信息。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">信用证(</span><span style="color: black;">L/C</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 信用证的<span style="color: black;">归类</span>较多,<span style="color: black;">运用</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>相对<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>需要采用信用证(</span><span style="color: black;">L/C</span><span style="color: black;">)方式付款,需要在合同中合同中<span style="color: black;">知道</span>受益人、开证行、开证时间、信用证的种类、金额、有效期和到期地点等方面的内容。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">并且<span style="color: black;">重视</span>合同中<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>存在重叠性条款,例如:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">信用证付款中<span style="color: black;">需求</span>交单付款,单据中<span style="color: black;">包括</span>验收证书。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>另一方面又<span style="color: black;">需求</span>验货后才签收。这两个条款就属于重叠性条款,是相互矛盾的,<span style="color: black;">无</span>买方验收卖方就没法交单,卖方没法交单买方就没法提货,卖方<span style="color: black;">不可</span>提货就<span style="color: black;">没法</span>安排验收。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">区别</span>银行对开证方与收证方的<span style="color: black;">要求</span>和<span style="color: black;">需求</span>有所<span style="color: black;">区别</span>,若准备以信用证<span style="color: black;">做为</span>支付方式,需要提前做好周全准备。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">除了支付方式需要留意,部分合同中会在支付条款上附加<span style="color: black;">要求</span>。例如附带<span style="color: black;">必定</span>标准的验收<span style="color: black;">要求</span>,<span style="color: black;">需求</span>验收符合规定后<span style="color: black;">才可</span>安排付余款。<span style="color: black;">此时</span>候,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>买方<span style="color: black;">连续</span>拖延验收,<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着卖方<span style="color: black;">始终</span><span style="color: black;">没法</span>收到尾款,质保责任<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在<span style="color: black;">始终</span>延长。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>合同中有类似附加的支付条款,<span style="color: black;">做为</span>卖方,当买方<span style="color: black;">需求</span>支付货款(尾款)前附带<span style="color: black;">必定</span>验收<span style="color: black;">要求</span>,买方就需要规定“最长检验期限”,<span style="color: black;">或</span>质保期在交货后</span><span style="color: black;">XX</span><span style="color: black;">天将终止,否则视为验收合格,以<span style="color: black;">保证</span>卖方权益。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5.<span style="color: black;">违约条款</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 一份正式的合同中,违约条款是约束合同双方的一大重要条款。<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是在外贸合同中,双方规定违约责任更有利于<span style="color: black;">保证</span>交易安全。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">索赔条款</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 索赔条款是当一方违约,对方有权提出索赔。违约这是索赔的基本前提。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>还<span style="color: black;">包含</span>索赔依据、索赔期限等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">索赔依据<span style="color: black;">重点</span>规定索赔<span style="color: black;">必须</span>的证据及出证<span style="color: black;">公司</span>。但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>的证据不充足、不齐全、不清楚,或出证<span style="color: black;">公司</span>未经对方同意,均可能遭到对方拒赔。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>订立索赔条款时,尽可能详尽清晰细致。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">需要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>合同中有约定罚金条款时,英美法系是不承认<span style="color: black;">针对</span>带有<span style="color: black;">处罚</span>性的罚金,只承认损害赔偿。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>在与英美法系国家进行贸易时,需要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>约定罚金的合法性与<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>性。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">6.<span style="color: black;">不可抗力条款(</span><span style="color: black;">Force Majeure Clause</span><span style="color: black;">)</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“不可抗力”是一个法律专业术语,《民法典》将不可抗力解析为“是<span style="color: black;">不可</span>预见、<span style="color: black;">不可</span>避免且<span style="color: black;">不可</span>克服的客观<span style="color: black;">状况</span>”<span style="color: black;">能够</span>通俗地理解为是一种<span style="color: black;">不可</span>预见、不可避免、<span style="color: black;">不可</span>克服的自然、社会现象之类的客观<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。<span style="color: black;">包含</span>但不限于:天灾人祸、战争、政府政策等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 合同中一方当事人<span style="color: black;">由于</span>不可抗力<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>履行合同的,<span style="color: black;">按照</span>不可抗力的影响,部分<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">所有</span>免除责任,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>它方当事人不得据此<span style="color: black;">需求</span>损害赔偿,这属于一个“免责条款”。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">但需要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的一点:当<span style="color: black;">显现</span>不可抗力的客观<span style="color: black;">状况</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">没法</span>履行合同的,应当<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">通告</span>合同向对方,尽可能减轻给对方带来的损失,并且在<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>期限内<span style="color: black;">供给</span>证明。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>需要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 货物价格短期大幅度<span style="color: black;">提高</span>(或降低)<span style="color: black;">或</span>是汇率大幅度变动不是“不可抗力”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">针对</span>这种在合同订立后,合同的<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">要求</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>了<span style="color: black;">没法</span>预见又不属于<span style="color: black;">商场</span><span style="color: black;">危害</span>的重大变化(例如是货物价格暴升暴跌,超出<span style="color: black;">商场</span><span style="color: black;">危害</span>范畴;)继续履行<span style="color: black;">针对</span>合同当事人一方<span style="color: black;">显著</span>不公平的情形属于“情事变更”<span style="color: black;">(</span>国外<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>之为:艰难情形(<span style="color: black;">Hardship</span>)。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">所说</span>“情事变更”,意思是:虽然仍然<span style="color: black;">能够</span>按合同约定履行,<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>不寻找任何经济<span style="color: black;">道理</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">受<span style="color: black;">有害</span>影响的当事人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>与对方重新协商;</span><span style="color: black;">在<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>期限内协商不成的,当事人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>请求人民法院<span style="color: black;">或</span>仲裁<span style="color: black;">公司</span>变更<span style="color: black;">或</span>解除合同。</span><span style="color: black;">人民法院<span style="color: black;">或</span>仲裁<span style="color: black;">公司</span>应当结合案件的<span style="color: black;">实质</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>,<span style="color: black;">按照</span>公平原则变更<span style="color: black;">或</span>解除合同。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">7.<span style="color: black;">合同的解除条款</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">是不是</span>需要设置解除条款,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>合同标的额的<span style="color: black;">体积</span>、合同各<span style="color: black;">办法</span>律关系的<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>程度、合同期限的长短、利益<span style="color: black;">原因</span>等进行综合考量。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">合同解除分为法定解除和约定解除,<span style="color: black;">所说</span>约定解除即合同双方当事人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>约定一方解除合同的<span style="color: black;">要求</span>,当解除合同的<span style="color: black;">要求</span>成就时,解除权人<span style="color: black;">就可</span>解除合同。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>在拟定<span style="color: black;">或</span>审查合同的解除条款时,应当注重条款的细节,<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>有严重<span style="color: black;">有害</span>于己方利益的条款<span style="color: black;">或</span>是这个条款的设置<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>具备可操作性。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">8.争议<span style="color: black;">处理</span>条款</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 争议条款是保底条款。这是在合同商谈<span style="color: black;">时期</span>与合同起草<span style="color: black;">时期</span>就需要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>和清晰的问题。<span style="color: black;">处理</span>争议的方式<span style="color: black;">通常</span>有四种:协商(</span><span style="color: black;">negotiation</span><span style="color: black;">)、调解(</span><span style="color: black;">mediation</span><span style="color: black;">)、仲裁(</span><span style="color: black;">arbitration</span><span style="color: black;">)和诉讼(</span><span style="color: black;">litigation</span><span style="color: black;">)。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">在实务中,仲裁是一个相对便利快捷和具备执行力的一个争议<span style="color: black;">处理</span>方式。在争议条款的约定中,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>对仲裁的条款表述得非常细致,以<span style="color: black;">保准</span>一方利益,例如:仲裁员的人数、仲裁地(国家<span style="color: black;">/</span>城市)、仲裁的语言、仲裁庭的<span style="color: black;">构成</span>、仲裁员的资格、<span style="color: black;">花费</span>承担、仲裁裁决的形式和效力。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">9.<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">通告</span>条款</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">通告</span>条款比较容易被忽略,被忽略的<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>是不少人都觉得<span style="color: black;">关联</span>资料<span style="color: black;">已然</span>在合同主体资料表述的时候有清楚的认识。<span style="color: black;">不外</span>,<span style="color: black;">通告</span>条款在关键时候会起到重要<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是涉外的商事合同。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"> 在<span style="color: black;">实质</span>操作中<span style="color: black;">能够</span>约定,任何以放向另一方发出的书面<span style="color: black;">通告</span>或讯息,</span> <span style="color: black;">应向本合同首页所列各方<span style="color: black;">位置</span>,联系方式送达。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/JAR6Y4Libdibicf9Rtjrptiakt7E3a6ABOib2F2y3zmthv1IicGgTjhxAdbL1b7fQXvlZs35uBMbtYdLFjFC42lcoJTg/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
祝福你、祝你幸福、早日实现等。 你的话语真是温暖如春,让我心生感激。
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