lbk60ox 发表于 2024-9-3 00:56:33

外贸小白必须记住的干货知识!(外贸业务流程合集)(上)


    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/1ibVqic9BvUcZj07FeXaa4vtUickB3C2icpkOMXEdeUshic4ia9EibnWA96n9d4iaQlcN4gT53WI8SslhFJIZkKlLhB5Kw/640?wx_fmt=gif&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>快速适应环境<span style="color: black;">作为</span>合格的外贸人,外贸小白必须<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>的事!<span style="color: black;">这次</span><span style="color: black;">博主</span>给<span style="color: black;">大众</span>分享的是外贸业务全流程和<span style="color: black;">有些</span>重点知识详解,供<span style="color: black;">大众</span>学习交流~(本文篇幅较长,此次先分享出运前七个流程)</span></strong></span></p><strong style="color: blue;">外贸业务全流程目录</strong><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>客户<span style="color: black;">研发</span>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">6、</span>验货质检&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 十<span style="color: black;">1、</span>提单交付</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>报价回盘&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">7、</span>包装方式&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 十<span style="color: black;">2、</span>银行结汇</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>订货签约&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">8、</span><span style="color: black;">拜托</span>报关&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 十<span style="color: black;">3、</span>核销退税</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span>付款方式&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span style="color: black;">9、</span>货运装船&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 十<span style="color: black;">4、</span><span style="color: black;">危害</span>防范</strong></span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5、</span>备货生产&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;十、运输保险&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 十<span style="color: black;">5、</span>全流程图</strong></span><strong style="color: blue;">0</strong><strong style="color: blue;">1</strong><strong style="color: blue;">客户<span style="color: black;">研发</span></strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/1ibVqic9BvUcZSXPULZvK3webiawNIs8PBYxWuT6R6kEklIOJAgooVpYcwlmCPmDj2fm5kAHLTJV5ESMawGvnib2KA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;from=appmsg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">1、<span style="color: black;">研发</span>前期准备</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)<span style="color: black;">外边</span>准备:所处行业<span style="color: black;">认识</span>、<span style="color: black;">制品</span>当前市场容量以及<span style="color: black;">将来</span>发展趋势和前景。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)内部准备:<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>类型、外文功能描述、市场定位、<span style="color: black;">机构</span>优劣势、同行业<span style="color: black;">制品</span>优劣势。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3)<span style="color: black;">认识</span>完<span style="color: black;">制品</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>更好地进行<span style="color: black;">营销</span>,需要<span style="color: black;">认识</span>的有:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">A. <span style="color: black;">制品</span>本身的特性。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">B. <span style="color: black;">机构</span>规模,生产流程的各个环节。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">C. 检测设备的<span style="color: black;">认识</span>,品质管控的特点。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">D. <span style="color: black;">制品</span>原材料的<span style="color: black;">认识</span>(含材料特性,供应商信息等)。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">2、客户<span style="color: black;">研发</span><span style="color: black;">途径</span><span style="color: black;">通常</span>有以下几种:</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)线上<span style="color: black;">研发</span>:独立站、国际B2B平台、海关数据、外贸客户<span style="color: black;">研发</span>软件,社媒营销、搜索引擎找客户、<span style="color: black;">归类</span>信息网、论坛、线上展会、行业协会、黄页名录、<span style="color: black;">tel</span>直接沟通等方式都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>进行客户<span style="color: black;">途径</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)线下<span style="color: black;">研发</span>:<span style="color: black;">目的</span>市场地推、国内外行业展会。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">3、发外贸<span style="color: black;">研发</span>信,打<span style="color: black;">tel</span>,外贸社媒<span style="color: black;">研发</span>:</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">始终</span><span style="color: black;">败兴</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>信都被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为外贸的敲门砖,</span>不管是扩展外贸业务量,还是<span style="color: black;">研发</span>培养新客户,<span style="color: black;">研发</span>信都是<span style="color: black;">非常</span>重要的。在新<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>环境下,外贸客户<span style="color: black;">研发</span>效果更好的是社媒<span style="color: black;">研发</span>,打<span style="color: black;">tel</span>还有地推等等。</p><strong style="color: blue;">02</strong><strong style="color: blue;">报价回盘</strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/1ibVqic9BvUcZSXPULZvK3webiawNIs8PBYVulOJkKZe9uReswwiafScPjQrVHPHrk0NOtBwx78aaoSB6F9u1Yqumg/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、价格条款:</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">FOB船上交货、CFR成本加运费、CIF成本、保险费加运费、EXW工厂交货等形式。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、运输方式:</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">制品</span>重量综合<span style="color: black;">选取</span>快递,空运、海运<span style="color: black;">或</span>铁路各类运输价格,报价单中<span style="color: black;">各样</span>参数<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要准确。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、价格怎么报:</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">报价 = 货物的成本 + 其他<span style="color: black;">花费</span>(内陆费+港口杂费+仓储费+增值税的换算成本+暗佣+明佣+其他杂费......)+ 利润。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">以一单服装为例,货物的成本<span style="color: black;">便是</span>采购服装的价钱(<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是让工厂生产的话,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>采购面辅料的<span style="color: black;">花费</span>+付给工厂的加工<span style="color: black;">花费</span>)。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其它<span style="color: black;">花费</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>运费(价格条款里有说明)+各类杂费+报关<span style="color: black;">花费</span>+<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">平常</span>开销费+融资<span style="color: black;">花费</span>等等。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">利润<span style="color: black;">便是</span>自己挣的钱,有两部分<span style="color: black;">构成</span>:从客户那里挣的+国税局的退税。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>在搞清货物品名、型号、数量、包装规格、交货期、付款方式及柜型等等之时,要搞清报价里还含有<span style="color: black;">那些</span>东西。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">利润计算需要<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>的点:</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1)</span>客人群体:批发商,零售商,品牌商还是政府招标单。<span style="color: black;">区别</span>类型客人利润点不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2)<span style="color: black;">制品</span>类型:低附加值<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,网红<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,独有<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,技术型还是拼价格型。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3)首单还是返单,引进客人的目的是为了返单,还是以赢利为目的无返单报价。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4)订单客人和其他客人<span style="color: black;">有没有</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>性,订单客人和供应商<span style="color: black;">有没有</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>性。</span></span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">5)</span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">是不是</span>欠款客人,<span style="color: black;">按照</span>账期要计算上银行融资<span style="color: black;">花费</span>及信保费。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">6)</span></span><span style="color: black;">客人售后<span style="color: black;">需求</span><span style="color: black;">是不是</span>高。</span></p><strong style="color: blue;">03</strong><strong style="color: blue;">订货签约</strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/1ibVqic9BvUcZSXPULZvK3webiawNIs8PBYldGtPKLhmr7H4NvWG3VRWzjpS3ZzvviaZbAWjCLV56TiaibCxNJ6AfZ3w/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">贸易双方就报价达成意向后,需<span style="color: black;">签定</span>购货合同。签约过程中要对商品名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>、规格型号、数量、价格、包装、产地、装运期、付款<span style="color: black;">要求</span>、结算方式、索赔、仲裁等内容进行商谈,并将商谈后达成的协议写入<span style="color: black;">营销</span>合同。这标志着出口业务的正式<span style="color: black;">起始</span>。<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,<span style="color: black;">签定</span>购货合同一式两份由双方盖本<span style="color: black;">机构</span>公章生效,双方各<span style="color: black;">保留</span>一份。但这是正式的做法,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>适合于在与大、中型国外采购商做生意的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>你是做信用证(L/C)的话,这两者是要相符的,否则银行会以单证不符拒付银子的。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">随着国际贸易的<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>发展,买卖双方在这一环节<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上都追求灵活性和效率性,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>一个新客户<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">Email/WhatsApp</span><span style="color: black;">等发送正式定单或<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>只是语句性的描述的方式都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>下发定单,你确认了“合同”<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就成立了,当然这<span style="color: black;">亦</span>符合《合同法》的规定的。在<span style="color: black;">无</span>和客户<span style="color: black;">签定</span>正式购货合同的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,为了起码的安全<span style="color: black;">保证</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>便于双方后续的沟通和操作,<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">机构</span>都要给客户开个“形式发票”(Proforma Invoice),<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">一般</span>所说的PI。在上面写上型号、规格、数量、价格、包装、装运期、目的港口、付款方式等内容就OK。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">内容完整、描述准确和格式规范是一份合同的基本<span style="color: black;">需求</span>,否则会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>合同瑕疵,容易<span style="color: black;">导致</span>双方纠纷。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是交易对方发来合同,外贸人员<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要进行全面专业的审核,合同一旦确认签字之后,就将产生法律效力,如审核<span style="color: black;">欠妥</span>将会给企业带来不可预估的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>,企业或将<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>遭受巨大的损失。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">危害</span>提示:</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)<span style="color: black;">机构</span>名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>、客户名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>、抬头和日期、<span style="color: black;">制品</span>名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>、规格、单价、总金额、重量、体积等<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要逐个<span style="color: black;">检测</span>,<span style="color: black;">保证</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>错误;<span style="color: black;">不可</span>有矛盾和<span style="color: black;">模糊</span>不清的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>说对可能<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的额外<span style="color: black;">花费</span>,像保险<span style="color: black;">花费</span>、运费上涨等,必须说明由何方承担,<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要认真审核。<span style="color: black;">重视</span>各条款之间的联系以及双方各自的责任。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)<span style="color: black;">针对</span>客户寄来须签回的合同、Order 、Agreement之类,要看仔细,对有异议的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>要<span style="color: black;">即时</span>提出,不要置之<span style="color: black;">不睬</span>,以防被认为是默认接受;在退回时,防止重复签署,<span style="color: black;">导致</span>一个合同两笔交易。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3)合同其他条款<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要做细做全。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>:支付方式和<span style="color: black;">要求</span>、<span style="color: black;">保准</span>和索赔、不可抗力条款、延迟交货和罚款、违约责任、法律适用、争议<span style="color: black;">处理</span>等。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4)合同双方都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>草拟。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>用你的,你是卖方,那<span style="color: black;">便是</span>销货合同(Sales Contract );<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>用客户的,他是买方,那<span style="color: black;">便是</span>购货合同(Purchase Contract)。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是确认书,那<span style="color: black;">便是</span>售货确认书(Sales Confirmation)和购货确认书(Purchase Confirmation)。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>一式两份,各执其一。</p><strong style="color: blue;">04</strong><strong style="color: blue;">付款方式</strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/1ibVqic9BvUcZSXPULZvK3webiawNIs8PBYIHVSFdQIquU2bv5aibX6fem8uLRnB3vroeEo9pKtibcHazSjThWCmwlw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;from=appmsg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>比较常用的国际付款方式有四种:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">信用证付款方式、T/T付款方式、OA付款方式和直接付款方式。</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">信用证付款方式:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">指开证银行应申请人(进口方)的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>并按其指示向受益人开立的,载有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>金额的,在一<span style="color: black;">定时</span>限内凭符合规定的单据付款的书面<span style="color: black;">保准</span>文件。信用证关系着货物的装运、交单和<span style="color: black;">最后</span>的收付款项,出口方<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>在收到进口方开出的信用证时,才会安排发货,否则货物将<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>发出和到达。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,当出口企业和人员备好货物,但进口方却迟迟未开信用证时,就需要外贸人员向进口方催开信用证,以<span style="color: black;">保准</span>交易能按合同约定进行。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重视</span>:信用证的开证日期应当<span style="color: black;">知道</span>、清楚、完整。出口货物的装运期限应在信用证的有效期限内进行,信用证交单期限必须不迟于信用证的有效日期内提交。国际贸易中以信用证为付款方式的<span style="color: black;">占多数</span>。此种付款方式<span style="color: black;">亦</span>比较适用于初次合作的客户及信誉不高的国家客户。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">T/T付款方式:</span></strong>是以外汇现金方式结算,由你的客户将款项汇至<span style="color: black;">机构</span>指定的外汇银行账号内,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">需求</span>货到后<span style="color: black;">必定</span>期限内汇款。T/T付款方式<span style="color: black;">亦</span>叫电汇,又分为前T/T和后T/T。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">前T/T<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>在卖家发货前,付清100%货款。这种付款方式对卖家而言,是<span style="color: black;">日前</span>国际贸易中,最安全的贸易方式。<span style="color: black;">不外</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>国外买家<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,就存在相当大的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>,就怕遇到骗子收钱就跑路。后T/T付款方式<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">需求</span>买家先支付一部分定金,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>发货,买家收到货物并<span style="color: black;">检测</span>无误后,再支付余款。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3、<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">OA付款方式:</span></strong>赊账交易,通俗<span style="color: black;">来讲</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>货到付款,在这种交易方式下,卖方先行发运货物并寄交全套单据给进口方,进口方<span style="color: black;">根据</span>合同约定在<span style="color: black;">将来</span>某天将货款寄交给出口方。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">例如:O/A30day 应为买方收到货物内30天内付款。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>投中信保,对客户背景进行调查,能识别客户的付款能力和信用等级,从而批复<span style="color: black;">必定</span>金额,和客户签合同不要超过批复的金额。<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>发货后,客户<span style="color: black;">显现</span>破产、拒收、拒付等<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,中信保会进行赔偿。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">此种方式对卖家的资金流和买方的信誉是<span style="color: black;">极重</span>考验。</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4、<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">直接付款方式:</span></strong><span style="color: black;">指的是</span>买卖双方直接交货付款。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">收到客户定金</span></strong>:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)<span style="color: black;">检测</span>客户打款<span style="color: black;">机构</span>名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>和账号<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>正确,不正确要提醒客户,有些客户会给假水单骗生产;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)新客户,信用<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>的客户最好一<span style="color: black;">起始</span>不要<span style="color: black;">运用</span>Paypal付款,Paypal<span style="color: black;">能够</span>几个月内哪怕客户收到货都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>撤销款项,最后<span style="color: black;">导致</span>财货两空。</p><strong style="color: blue;">05</strong><strong style="color: blue;">备货生产</strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/1ibVqic9BvUcZSXPULZvK3webiawNIs8PBYp8jpmANYyHmOE6lQun01wfhpnvZGb1waDOWmCCrVYNO4Z3sJJsZbRA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;from=appmsg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">备货在<span style="color: black;">全部</span>贸易流程中,占据着<span style="color: black;">非常</span>重要的地位,技术、品质、数量和交期须<span style="color: black;">根据</span>合同逐一落实,尤其在L/C付款<span style="color: black;">要求</span>下交期更显重要。必须要在<span style="color: black;">全部</span>过程中紧密关注并做好协调。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、下达生产<span style="color: black;">通告</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在确定交货期后,满足下列<span style="color: black;">状况</span>可下达生产<span style="color: black;">通告</span>,<span style="color: black;">通告</span>工厂按时生产:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是L/C付款的客户,<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是在交货期前1个月确认L/C<span style="color: black;">已然</span>收到,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>业务员和单证员分别审查信用证,<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">是不是</span>存在错误,交货期能否<span style="color: black;">保证</span>及其它可能的问题,如有问题应立即请客人改证。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是T/T付款的客户,要确认定金<span style="color: black;">已然</span>到账。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3)<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是放账客户,或<span style="color: black;">经过</span>银行D/A等方式收汇等,需<span style="color: black;">关联</span>负责人确认。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、下订单给工厂备货是履行合同的首要<span style="color: black;">过程</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是交易<span style="color: black;">行径</span>的正式开展,出口方须<span style="color: black;">根据</span>合同内容逐一落实备货。<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">备货的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>核对内容如下:</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)要写清楚<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>、规格和数量;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)跟工厂确认大概交期;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3)合作老客户,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在未打款前提前<span style="color: black;">通告</span>工厂备料;等收到客户银行水单再安排工厂生产;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4)备注好<span style="color: black;">各样</span>OEM生产细节。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3、做合同<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要做细,合同号,各个<span style="color: black;">制品</span>规格参数<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要写全;数量、金额要仔细核对无误;验货方式要写<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>、清楚;确认付款方式;确认出了问题的<span style="color: black;">处理</span>办法和索赔方式。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4、生产样品如客户需要看样,可安排工厂打样,<span style="color: black;">或</span>安排寄常规样。如客户想要定制样,开样板合同。收到客户样板费,安排打样,客户返单的就<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">不消</span>打样。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5、打定金给<span style="color: black;">关联</span>工厂要:核对工厂账号信息;核对本<span style="color: black;">机构</span>会计打款的账单信息;跟踪工厂钱款<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>到账。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6、跟踪生产进程,确认货物尺寸、重量。有的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>有专人跟单,业务跟单那就得跟工厂紧密联系,随时<span style="color: black;">认识</span>生产<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,并<span style="color: black;">即时</span>反应给客户。</p><strong style="color: blue;">06</strong><strong style="color: blue;">验货质检</strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/1ibVqic9BvUcZSXPULZvK3webiawNIs8PBY0WB4mO9o8j7sUJha4v2DlKSd6IKxLib7YxW1Xic2E3icevUEe0z25s2kA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">为了<span style="color: black;">保证</span>质量和交货<span style="color: black;">无</span>问题,<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>外贸<span style="color: black;">机构</span>会派专门的人员(如:跟单、QC)去工厂<span style="color: black;">跟踪</span>生产,检验货物。<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有老外指派的专门验货的<span style="color: black;">公司</span>(第三方),如 SGS,OMIS,BV 等来验货。<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>需要<span style="color: black;">即时</span>联络、送检(或接检)和取得证书,在L/C付款方式下,此检验证书<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是需要提交的重要单据。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">通关手续极为烦琐又极其重要,如<span style="color: black;">不可</span>顺利通关则<span style="color: black;">没法</span>完成交易。</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">属法定检验的出口商品须办出口商品检验证书。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>我国进出口商品检验工作<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有四个环节:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1)接受报验:</strong>报验<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>对外贸易关系人向商检<span style="color: black;">公司</span>报请检验。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2)抽样:</strong>商检<span style="color: black;">公司</span>接受报验之后,<span style="color: black;">即时</span>派员赴货物堆存地点进行现场检验、鉴定。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3)检验:</strong>商检<span style="color: black;">公司</span>接受报验之后,认真<span style="color: black;">科研</span>申报的检验项目,确定检验内容。并仔细审核合同(信用证)对品质、规格、包装的规定,弄清检验的依据,确定检验标准、<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。(检验<span style="color: black;">办法</span>有抽样检验、仪器分析检验、<span style="color: black;">理学</span>检验、感官检验、微生物检验等)</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">4)签发证书:</strong>在出口方面,凡<span style="color: black;">加入</span>〖种类表〗内的出口商品,<span style="color: black;">做生意</span>检<span style="color: black;">公司</span>检验合格后,签发放行单(或在出口货物报关单上加盖放行章,以代替放行单)。</p><strong style="color: blue;">07</strong><strong style="color: blue;">包装装船</strong><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/1ibVqic9BvUcZSXPULZvK3webiawNIs8PBYp8jpmANYyHmOE6lQun01wfhpnvZGb1waDOWmCCrVYNO4Z3sJJsZbRA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;from=appmsg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>货物的<span style="color: black;">区别</span>来<span style="color: black;">选取</span>包装形式(如:纸箱、木箱、编织袋等)。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>国内企业不<span style="color: black;">注重</span>这一点,</span><span style="color: black;">事实上,包装是<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的重要<span style="color: black;">构成</span>部分,无论是民用<span style="color: black;">制品</span>、商用<span style="color: black;">制品</span>还是工业<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,都必须在<span style="color: black;">守护</span>和运输标志方面<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>资质和专业水平。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1、货物包装形式:(提前确认)</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)<span style="color: black;">通常</span>出口包装标准:<span style="color: black;">按照</span>贸易出口通用的标准进行包装。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)特殊出口包装标准:<span style="color: black;">按照</span>客户的特殊<span style="color: black;">需求</span>进行出口货物包装。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3)货物的包装和唛头(运输标志):应进行认真<span style="color: black;">检测</span>核实,使之符合交易中的规定。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2、集装箱装货方式:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)整装集装箱(直接在工厂装箱)</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)拼装集装箱(在工厂<span style="color: black;">或</span>海关仓库拼装)</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3、集装箱的类型:</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">集装箱又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>货柜  </p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1)按规格尺寸分:</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">外尺寸为20英尺X8英尺X8英尺6吋,简<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>20尺货柜;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">40英尺X8英尺X8英尺6吋,简<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>40尺货柜;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">及近年较多<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的40英尺X8英尺X9英尺6吋,简<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>40尺高柜。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">20尺柜:</span>内容积为5.69米X2.13米X2.18米,配货毛重<span style="color: black;">通常</span>为17.5吨,体积为24-26立方米。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">40尺柜:</span>内容积为11.8米X2.13米X2.18米,配货毛重<span style="color: black;">通常</span>为22吨,体积为54立方米。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">40尺高柜:</span>内容积为11.8米X2.13米X2.72米。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">配货毛重<span style="color: black;">通常</span>为22吨,体积为68立方米。&nbsp;</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">45尺高柜:</span>内容积为:13.58米X2.34米X2.71米,配货毛重<span style="color: black;">通常</span>为29吨,体积为86立方米。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">20尺开顶柜:</span>内容积为5.89米X2.32米X2.31米,<span style="color: black;">配货毛重20吨,体积31.5立方米。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">40尺开顶柜:</span>内容积为12.01米X2.33米X2.15米,配货毛重30.4吨,体积65立方米。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">20尺平底货柜:</span>内容积5.85米X2.23米X2.15米,配货毛重23吨,体积28立方米。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">40尺平底货柜:</span>内容积12.05米X2.12米X1.96米,配货毛重36吨,体积50立方米。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2)按制箱材料分:&nbsp;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有铝合金集装箱</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">钢板集装箱</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">纤维板集装箱</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">玻璃钢集装箱</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3)按用途分:&nbsp;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">干集装箱(DRY CONTAINER);</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">冷冻集装箱(REEFER CONTAINER);</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">挂衣集装箱(DRESS HANGER CONTAINER);</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">开顶集装箱(OPENTOP CONTAINER);</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">框架集装箱(FLAT RACK CONTAINER);</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">罐式集装箱(TANK CONTAINER).&nbsp;</p><strong style="color: blue;">END</strong>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">以上内容来自:外贸Kathy,网络搜集整编,转载请注明。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">免责声明:本<span style="color: black;">微X</span>公众平台所<span style="color: black;">发布</span>内容注明<span style="color: black;">源自</span>的<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">,版权归原出处所有</span></strong></span></strong></span></strong>(<span style="color: black;">没法</span>查证版权的或未注明出处的均<span style="color: black;">源自</span>于网络搜集)。<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">本文仅用于学习交流,不做<span style="color: black;">商场</span>用途,</span></strong><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>原作者<span style="color: black;">区别</span>意或<span style="color: black;">触及</span>版权问题,请与<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>联系,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>将在<span style="color: black;">第1</span>时间删除。本公众号<span style="color: black;">持有</span>对此声明的<span style="color: black;">最后</span>解释权。</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/1ibVqic9BvUcZj07FeXaa4vtUickB3C2icpkkrn1k2SMfJqVVxgIcuezg1Q26ib4OCtLGZPsZaRYJibBJj0iaG9HQreGw/640?wx_fmt=gif&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>




星☆雨 发表于 2024-9-8 11:35:51

外链发布社区 http://www.fok120.com/

灯笼芯 发表于 2024-9-9 12:56:39

你的见解独到,让我受益匪浅,非常感谢。

4zhvml8 发表于 2024-9-26 03:13:57

论坛的成果是显著的,但我们不能因为成绩而沾沾自喜。

b1gc8v 发表于 2024-10-10 10:16:35

系统提示我验证码错误1500次 \~゛,

qzmjef 发表于 2024-10-17 03:04:05

认真阅读了楼主的帖子,非常有益。

7wu1wm0 发表于 2024-10-26 03:37:25

说得好啊!我在外链论坛打滚这么多年,所谓阅人无数,就算没有见过猪走路,也总明白猪肉是啥味道的。

4lqedz 发表于 2024-10-28 09:09:12

你的留言真是温暖如春,让我感受到了无尽的支持与鼓励。
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