从年报看谷歌和百度
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 8<span style="color: black;">月</span><span style="color: black;">6</span><span style="color: black;">日人民日报在海外社交<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>平台上<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>欢迎谷歌重返中国大陆,众多网民翘首期盼,再次<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>对百度和谷歌两家<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的对比和讨论。百度的竞价排名<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>深受诟病。<span style="color: black;">不外</span>,和百度<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,谷歌的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>收入<span style="color: black;">源自</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>。</span></span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">谷歌和百度的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>收入占比</span></strong></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">竞价排名<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>是一种互联网营销服务,它以客户对关键词付费的多少为标准,将购买<span style="color: black;">一样</span>关键词的客户网站链接在搜索结果中进行先后排序。这种营利模式由</span><span style="color: black;">Overturn</span><span style="color: black;">(<span style="color: black;">2003</span><span style="color: black;">年被雅虎收购)于</span></span><span style="color: black;">1998</span><span style="color: black;">年创立,而后为全世界搜索引擎服务商借鉴并广泛<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。谷歌于<span style="color: black;">2000</span><span style="color: black;">年推出其关键词竞价<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>系统</span><span style="color: black;">Adwords</span><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">据谷歌母<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">Alphabet</span><span style="color: black;">(谷歌占</span><span style="color: black;">Alphabet</span><span style="color: black;">收入比重在</span><span style="color: black;">99%</span><span style="color: black;">以上,其他业务占比极小)</span><span style="color: black;">2017</span><span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">10-K</span><span style="color: black;">表格,</span><span style="color: black;">2015-2017</span><span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">Alphabet</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>收入分别为</span><span style="color: black;">673.90</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元、</span><span style="color: black;">793.83</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元、</span><span style="color: black;">953.75</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元,分别占年营业收入</span><span style="color: black;">749.89</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元、</span><span style="color: black;">902.72</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元、</span><span style="color: black;">1108.55</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元的</span><span style="color: black;">89.87%</span><span style="color: black;">、</span><span style="color: black;">87.94%</span><span style="color: black;">和</span><span style="color: black;">86.04%</span><span style="color: black;">,虽然<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>收入</span><span style="color: black;">2016</span><span style="color: black;">、</span><span style="color: black;">2017</span><span style="color: black;">年收入增速为</span><span style="color: black;">18%</span><span style="color: black;">、</span><span style="color: black;">20%</span><span style="color: black;">,但<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>收入占比逐年略有所下降。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">据百度<span style="color: black;">2017</span><span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">20-F</span><span style="color: black;">表格(注册地不在美国的外国<span style="color: black;">机构</span>提交),</span><span style="color: black;">2015-2017</span><span style="color: black;">年百度在线营销服务收入(<span style="color: black;">能够</span>视作<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>收入的同义词)分别为人民币</span><span style="color: black;">640.37</span><span style="color: black;">亿元、</span><span style="color: black;">645.25</span><span style="color: black;">亿元和</span><span style="color: black;">731.46</span><span style="color: black;">亿元,分别占年营业收入</span><span style="color: black;">663.82</span><span style="color: black;">亿元、</span><span style="color: black;">705.49</span><span style="color: black;">亿元、</span><span style="color: black;">848.09</span><span style="color: black;">亿元的</span><span style="color: black;">96.47%</span><span style="color: black;">、</span><span style="color: black;">91.46%</span><span style="color: black;">、</span><span style="color: black;">86.25%</span><span style="color: black;">。<span style="color: black;">一样</span>,在线营销服务收入占比下降,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>下降的速度更快,<span style="color: black;">显示</span>其他业务收入增长更快。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">巧合的是,<span style="color: black;">2017</span><span style="color: black;">年谷歌和百度的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>收入占比均为营业收入的</span><span style="color: black;">86%</span><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></strong></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">谷歌和百度的<span style="color: black;">类似</span>及差异</span></strong></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">商场</span>模式的<span style="color: black;">类似</span>性,谷歌和百度的财报有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">类似</span>的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Alphabet2017<span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">10-K</span><span style="color: black;">表格中,第</span><span style="color: black;">4</span><span style="color: black;">页“<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>怎么挣钱”中写道:</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>业务的<span style="color: black;">目的</span>是在恰当的<span style="color: black;">机会</span>投放<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,给人们有用的<span style="color: black;">商场</span>信息</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,无论<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>什么设备。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>向<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>主<span style="color: black;">供给</span>工具,<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>更好地分配和衡量<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>投入。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span><span style="color: black;">处理</span><span style="color: black;">方法</span><span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>数以百万计的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>扩大<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的业务,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span><span style="color: black;">区别</span>形式的范围广泛的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的收入<span style="color: black;">重点</span>来自于投放效果(付费)<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>(</span><span style="color: black;">performance advertising</span><span style="color: black;">)和品牌<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>(</span><span style="color: black;">brand advertising</span><span style="color: black;">)。并解释道,效果<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>的用户将<span style="color: black;">经过</span>点击直接和<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>主<span style="color: black;">出现</span>联系。谷歌<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的竞价排名<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>(</span><span style="color: black;">auction-based advertising</span><span style="color: black;">)项目</span><span style="color: black;">AdWords</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>创造以文本为<span style="color: black;">基本</span>的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,<span style="color: black;">表示</span>在谷歌网站群和谷歌网络成员网站上。谷歌网络成员<span style="color: black;">运用</span>谷歌的</span><span style="color: black;">AdSense</span><span style="color: black;">项目在自己的网站上展示<span style="color: black;">关联</span><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,<span style="color: black;">得到</span>点击收入。品牌<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>则是<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>用户对<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>主<span style="color: black;">制品</span>和服务的认知度的视频、文本、图像<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>分配了<span style="color: black;">海量</span>的资源以阻止坏的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>实践,<span style="color: black;">守护</span>网络用户。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>用多种方式致力于为用户和<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>主创造最佳的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>体验,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>筛选出无效流量、从<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的系统中移除<span style="color: black;">海量</span>的坏<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,密切监控<span style="color: black;">表示</span><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>的网站和<span style="color: black;">APP</span><span style="color: black;">,当<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>有不良内容时,必要时将其<span style="color: black;">加入</span>黑名单。在<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>业务之外,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的收入还来自于数字内容、企业云服务和硬件等。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第<span style="color: black;">5</span><span style="color: black;">页“竞争”中写道:<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>业务的<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>方面都面临激烈的竞争,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是将人们和网上的信息相联接并向<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,并列出了九类<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的竞争对手,</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">第1</span>类<span style="color: black;">便是</span>通用搜索引擎,例如百度</span></strong><span style="color: black;">、微软的必应,</span><span style="color: black;">Naver</span><span style="color: black;">,</span><span style="color: black;"> Seznam</span><span style="color: black;">,</span><span style="color: black;">Verizon</span><span style="color: black;">的</span><span style="color: black;">Yahoo</span><span style="color: black;">和</span><span style="color: black;">Yandex</span><span style="color: black;">。第二类是垂直搜索引擎和电子商务网站,例如亚马逊等。第三类是社交<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>,例如脸书等。第三类是其他形式的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,例如<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>牌、杂志、报告、收音机和电视<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>主经常在多种<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>投放<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>线上和线下。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第<span style="color: black;">7</span><span style="color: black;">页“<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>”中<span style="color: black;">第1</span>条是:<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>面临激烈的竞争。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">连续</span>创新,向用户<span style="color: black;">供给</span>有价值的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>和服务,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>就可能不<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>竞争力,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的收入和运营结果可能受到<span style="color: black;">有害</span>影响。第二条是:<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>的收入<span style="color: black;">源自</span>于<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>主减少<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>支出或<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的合作伙伴减少,将影响<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>业务。</span><span style="color: black;">2017</span><span style="color: black;">年,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>收入的</span><span style="color: black;">86%</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">源自</span>于<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>。第三条是:<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>对新的业务、<span style="color: black;">制品</span>、服务和技术的投资<span style="color: black;">危害</span>很高,可能对<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的现有业务<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">有害</span>影响。</span><span style="color: black;">2015</span><span style="color: black;">年谷歌重组,创造出控股<span style="color: black;">机构</span></span><span style="color: black;">Alphabet</span><span style="color: black;">,将其他业务(</span></span><span style="color: black;">Other Bets</span><span style="color: black;">)独立为子<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>反映出谷歌<span style="color: black;">持续</span>创新的<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>。另外还列出日益强化的监管<span style="color: black;">检测</span>、法律<span style="color: black;">危害</span>等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">百度</span><span style="color: black;">2017<span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">20-F</span><span style="color: black;">表格第</span><span style="color: black;">5</span><span style="color: black;">页“<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>”中<span style="color: black;">第1</span>条是:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的在线营销服务<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">保存</span>现有客户或<span style="color: black;">不可</span>吸引新客户,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的业务、运营结果和增长前景可能受到严重损害。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>收入<span style="color: black;">源自</span>于在线营销服务,<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是效果付费服务(</span><span style="color: black;">pay-for-performance</span><span style="color: black;">, 简<span style="color: black;">叫作</span></span><span style="color: black;">P4P</span><span style="color: black;">服务)。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>主的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>投资<span style="color: black;">不可</span>拉动<span style="color: black;">营销</span>,<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>以合适和有效的方式展现<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的网页,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在线营销服务的客户就不会继续和<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>开展业务。第二条是:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>中国<span style="color: black;">经过</span>互联网搜索的在线营销服务<span style="color: black;">无</span>进一步的增长,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>收入和利润的能力将受到严重<span style="color: black;">有害</span>影响。第三条是:<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的业务依赖于一个强大的品牌,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>维持和<span style="color: black;">提高</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的品牌,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的业务和运营结果可能会受到<span style="color: black;">有害</span>影响。第四条是:<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>面临激烈的竞争,可能因竞争<span style="color: black;">引起</span>用户和客户的减少。第五条是:<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>新业务的扩张不成功,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">将来</span>的运营结果和发展前景可能受到<span style="color: black;">有害</span>影响。近年来,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>投入<span style="color: black;">海量</span>资源于人工智能技术的<span style="color: black;">开发</span>,并在</span><span style="color: black;">AI</span><span style="color: black;">技术的<span style="color: black;">商场</span>化方面取得<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的<span style="color: black;">发展</span>,例如对话式</span><span style="color: black;">AI</span><span style="color: black;">平台</span><span style="color: black;">DuerOS</span><span style="color: black;">,自动驾驶平台阿波罗,</span><span style="color: black;">AI</span><span style="color: black;">云服务和百度</span><span style="color: black;">Feed</span><span style="color: black;">流等。后面还列出的<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>向金融服务<span style="color: black;">行业</span>的扩张可能会使<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>面临监管、信用、运营和声誉<span style="color: black;">危害</span>;<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>和可能还会面临基于<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>平台内容、付费搜索结果的调查和诉讼<span style="color: black;">危害</span>等。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">第<span style="color: black;">51</span><span style="color: black;">页“竞争”中写道:<span style="color: black;">针对</span>百度的核心业务,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>的竞争者<span style="color: black;">包含</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>中文互联网搜索服务的美国互联网搜索<span style="color: black;">机构</span>和中国的互联网<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>和这些<span style="color: black;">机构</span>竞争用户和客户,竞争<span style="color: black;">重点</span>基于搜索结果的流量、质量(<span style="color: black;">关联</span>性)、安全性和用户体验,<span style="color: black;">制品</span>和服务的可得性、易用性,用户数量,<span style="color: black;">营销</span>和<span style="color: black;">关联</span>第三方网站的数量。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>面临传统<span style="color: black;">宣传</span><span style="color: black;">媒介</span>的竞争。</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>竞争者:美国互联网搜索<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,例如谷歌,比我们有更强劲的<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>覆盖、良好的品牌、<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的用户和客户、更强大的金融资源。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在中文搜索市场上<span style="color: black;">亦</span>面临其他现有竞争者和新进入者的的竞争。中国的互联网<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,例如阿里巴巴、腾讯、<span style="color: black;">外链论坛:www.fok120.com</span>、奇虎<span style="color: black;">360</span><span style="color: black;">、今日头条、小米等。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">二者都将亚马逊、阿里巴巴等电子商务网站列为竞争对手,的确,电子商务网站<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是一种<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>平台。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">二者<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有差距<span style="color: black;">很强</span>的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">使命和愿景</span></strong><span style="color: black;">:百度创立<span style="color: black;">败兴</span>的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>使命是:让人们最平等<span style="color: black;">方便</span>地获取信息,找到所求。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2017<span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">5</span><span style="color: black;">月</span><span style="color: black;">4</span><span style="color: black;">日发布新的使命:</span></span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">用科技让<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的世界更简单</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。两个支柱是加强移动<span style="color: black;">基本</span>和领导人工智能(<span style="color: black;">strengthening our mobile foundation and leading in artificial intelligence</span><span style="color: black;">)。百度</span><span style="color: black;">2017</span><span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">20-F</span><span style="color: black;">表格和网上都<span style="color: black;">无</span>找到愿景。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Alphabet2017<span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">10-K</span><span style="color: black;">表格中列出,</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">谷歌的使命是:<span style="color: black;">保证</span>信息服务<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>人,而不是<span style="color: black;">少许</span>人</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。(《重新定义团队》中说谷歌的使命是“整合<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>信息,使人人都能<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>并从中受益”。)</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">愿景是:始终<span style="color: black;">作为</span><span style="color: black;">难以置信</span>的创造力和创新之地,用<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的技术专长<span style="color: black;">处理</span>重大问题</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">国际化程度</span></strong><span style="color: black;">:<span style="color: black;">2015-2017</span><span style="color: black;">年,来自中国的收入占百度收入的</span><span style="color: black;">98.9%</span><span style="color: black;">、</span><span style="color: black;">97.8%</span><span style="color: black;">、</span><span style="color: black;">97.8%</span><span style="color: black;">,来自美国的收入占谷歌收入的</span><span style="color: black;">46.4%</span><span style="color: black;">、</span><span style="color: black;">47.4%</span><span style="color: black;">、</span><span style="color: black;">47.3%</span><span style="color: black;">。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">市值</span></strong><span style="color: black;">:<span style="color: black;">2018</span><span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">8</span><span style="color: black;">月</span><span style="color: black;">17</span><span style="color: black;">日,谷歌市值</span><span style="color: black;">8348</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元,百度市值</span><span style="color: black;">772</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元。谷歌是百度的</span><span style="color: black;">10.8</span><span style="color: black;">倍。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">营业收入</span></strong><span style="color: black;">:<span style="color: black;">2017</span><span style="color: black;">年,谷歌营业收入</span><span style="color: black;">1108.55</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元(在</span><span style="color: black;">2018</span><span style="color: black;">年《财富》世界</span><span style="color: black;">500</span><span style="color: black;">强排行榜中居于</span><span style="color: black;">52</span><span style="color: black;">位,上年是</span><span style="color: black;">65</span><span style="color: black;">位),百度营业收入</span><span style="color: black;">130.34</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元(百度未进入</span><span style="color: black;">500</span><span style="color: black;">强,第</span><span style="color: black;">500</span><span style="color: black;">名营业收入是</span><span style="color: black;">236</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元),谷歌是百度的</span><span style="color: black;">8.5</span><span style="color: black;">倍。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">利润</span></strong><span style="color: black;">:<span style="color: black;">2017</span><span style="color: black;">年,谷歌利润</span><span style="color: black;">126.62</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元,百度利润</span><span style="color: black;">28.10</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元,谷歌是百度的</span><span style="color: black;">4.5</span><span style="color: black;">倍。</span></span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">令人向往的谷歌文化</span></strong></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">谷歌首席人才官拉斯洛</span><span style="color: black;">∙</span><span style="color: black;">博克<span style="color: black;">2015</span><span style="color: black;">年出版了一本书《重新定义团队 谷歌<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>工作》,</span><span style="color: black;">2015</span><span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">12</span><span style="color: black;">月中信出版集团就出版了中文版。这本书真是谷歌极好的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,看了让人非常向往谷歌的企业文化和工作环境,更能理解谷歌<span style="color: black;">为何</span><span style="color: black;">作为</span><span style="color: black;">全世界</span>最成功的互联网企业之一(<span style="color: black;">日前</span>市值排名<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>第</span><span style="color: black;">2</span><span style="color: black;">,仅次于苹果)。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">作者加入谷歌时就很兴奋,“想到<span style="color: black;">能够</span>加入一家以使信息对所有人开放为成立<span style="color: black;">目的</span>的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>就令人兴奋不已,<span style="color: black;">由于</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">自由的状态是以自由表达为<span style="color: black;">基本</span>的,而自由表达又依靠对信息和真实<span style="color: black;">状况</span>的<span style="color: black;">认识</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">。”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">书中写</span><span style="color: black;">Google<span style="color: black;">的十大信条:</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1<span style="color: black;">.以用户为中心,其他一切自然水到渠成。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2<span style="color: black;">.专心将一件事做到极致。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3<span style="color: black;">.越快越好。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4<span style="color: black;">.网络上<span style="color: black;">亦</span>讲民主。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">5<span style="color: black;">.信息随时随地可得。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">6<span style="color: black;">.<span style="color: black;">挣钱</span>不必作恶。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">7<span style="color: black;">.信息无极限。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">8<span style="color: black;">.信息<span style="color: black;">需要</span>无国界。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">9<span style="color: black;">.认真不在着装。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">10<span style="color: black;">.追求无止境。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“</span><span style="color: black;">以用户为中心,其他一切自然水到渠成</span><span style="color: black;">”,这句话和默克制药<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的</span><span style="color: black;">乔治·默克二世<span style="color: black;">1950</span><span style="color: black;">年说的“<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要始终不忘<span style="color: black;">药物</span>旨在救人,不在求利,但利润会随之而来”异曲同工。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>谷歌<span style="color: black;">无</span>这些理念,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">没法</span><span style="color: black;">作为</span>一个伟大的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">谷歌是同等规模的企业中极少几家全员持股的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>之一。<span style="color: black;">2004</span><span style="color: black;">年上市的时候,招股说明书写“谷歌是围绕着吸引和发挥出众的技术专家和商务人士的能力而打造的。谷歌非比寻常的员工所有制成就了今天的<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>最大的<span style="color: black;">优良</span>在于有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>重要项目可做,员工<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>做出贡献,得到成长。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>致力于打造<span style="color: black;">这般</span>一种</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">工作环境:有<span style="color: black;">才可</span>、<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>工作的人会<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>对谷歌的贡献以及为世界<span style="color: black;">作为</span>更好<span style="color: black;">地区</span>所做的<span style="color: black;">奋斗</span>而得到奖励</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">书中写道:在谷歌,<span style="color: black;">欢快</span>是非常重要的一部分,使人不必谨小慎微,</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span>发挥<span style="color: black;">研发</span>和探索的能力。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">机构</span>文化的三个<span style="color: black;">基本</span>元素</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">:</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">使命、透明和发声的权利。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">谷歌的使命是<span style="color: black;">机构</span>文化的第<span style="color: black;">一起</span>基石。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的使命是“整合<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>信息,使人人都能<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>并从中受益”。<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的使命使个人的工作有了<span style="color: black;">道理</span>,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>它不是一种<span style="color: black;">商场</span><span style="color: black;">目的</span>而是一种道德<span style="color: black;">目的</span>。<span style="color: black;">这般</span>宽泛的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>使命给了谷歌人空间,去创造美妙的事情,<span style="color: black;">促进</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">持续</span>创新、探索新的<span style="color: black;">行业</span>。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在践行<span style="color: black;">机构</span>使命时,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>带来了令人惊喜的实用价值。</span><span style="color: black;">透明是谷歌<span style="color: black;">机构</span>文化的第二块基石。什么叫透明?谷歌人是<span style="color: black;">这般</span>定义的:应该假设所有的信息都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>与团队分享,而<span style="color: black;">不可</span>假设任何信息都<span style="color: black;">不可</span>分享。限制信息传播皆为有意而为,最好有充足的理由再<span style="color: black;">这般</span>做。发声的权利是谷歌文化的第三块基石。发声的权利<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着给员工真正的话语权,决定<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>运营。你需要决定<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>相信员工,欢迎<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">发布</span>意见。虽然<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>组织而言,<span style="color: black;">这般</span>很令人恐惧,<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">仅有</span><span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>秉持<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的价值观。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">虽然有不少<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会声<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>自己<span style="color: black;">注重</span>人才、要使世界更美好,但并不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>真能做到,而书中讲的事例让人看到谷歌的确是践行了自己的原则。看完感到谷歌<span style="color: black;">便是</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">不吝</span>一切代价找到最优秀的人,以理念愿景激励<span style="color: black;">她们</span>,给<span style="color: black;">她们</span>以最大的自由</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。有能激励人的愿景理念、给员工以自由的空间,<span style="color: black;">才可</span>吸引和留住最优秀的人,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>会创造出<span style="color: black;">难以置信</span>的惊喜。谷歌<span style="color: black;">开发</span>高级副总裁尤斯塔斯说“</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">拔尖工程师的价值相当于普通工程师的<span style="color: black;">300</span><span style="color: black;">倍</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">”。书中援引<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>认为</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">在职的培训<span style="color: black;">道理</span>不大,人力资源的投入应该前置到招聘环节而不是在职培训环节</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。谷歌的应聘者拿到工作机会之前曾经要参加<span style="color: black;">15-25</span><span style="color: black;">次面试,需要等上</span><span style="color: black;">6</span><span style="color: black;">个月<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>更久,每聘用一位应聘者就要投入</span><span style="color: black;">150-500</span><span style="color: black;">小时谷歌人的时间,直到招聘团队的一名博士分析员(后来<span style="color: black;">作为</span>商务团队人力资源主管)分析<span style="color: black;">发掘</span></span><span style="color: black;">4</span><span style="color: black;">次面试就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>有</span><span style="color: black;">86%</span><span style="color: black;">的确信<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>聘用某个人,</span><span style="color: black;">4</span><span style="color: black;">次面试之后的每一次面试仅<span style="color: black;">加强</span></span><span style="color: black;">1%</span><span style="color: black;">的效用,谷歌才推行了“四次准则”。谷歌的原则是“</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">宁愿丢失两个了不起的员工<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要避免一名表现糟糕的员工</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。表现糟糕的员工和耍心机的人会给<span style="color: black;">全部</span>团队带来毒性反应,需要<span style="color: black;">连续</span>投入管理时间对其进行训导或劝退。”<span style="color: black;">做为</span>一名管理者,看到这句话觉得简直<span style="color: black;">不可</span>更赞同。谷歌对优秀人才的渴求简直是登峰造极,书里写谷歌<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>和应用程序工程高级副总裁胡贝尔曾经历经<span style="color: black;">10</span><span style="color: black;">年<span style="color: black;">始终</span>在劝说一名优秀工程师加入谷歌,<span style="color: black;">这里</span><span style="color: black;">时期</span>此人换过</span><span style="color: black;">3</span><span style="color: black;">家<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,最后才加入谷歌。当然,硅谷<span style="color: black;">机构</span>都将吸引人才<span style="color: black;">做为</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>要务,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>硅谷<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的“并购雇佣”,并购一个崭露头角的小<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,而后关闭其<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,只是为了雇佣其<span style="color: black;">重点</span>的人员。这一做法代价<span style="color: black;">昂贵</span>,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>这些人<span style="color: black;">经过</span>其<span style="color: black;">制品</span>展现出了足够的能力,若非并购<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不会主动加入并购<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一个企业的基因<span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">是由于</span>其创始人(<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是<span style="color: black;">长期</span><span style="color: black;">实质</span>经营企业的创始人)决定的,创始人的视野、格局决定了企业能达到的高度。书中写到谷歌的两名创始人之一谢尔盖</span><span style="color: black;">∙</span><span style="color: black;">布林,他的父亲<span style="color: black;">1979</span><span style="color: black;">年带着<span style="color: black;">整家</span>排除万难从苏联移民到美国,这影响了谢尔盖性格中的叛逆和寻求自由。拉里</span></span><span style="color: black;">∙</span><span style="color: black;">佩奇和谢尔盖都是蒙台梭利教育法教育出的<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>,这种教育法的特点是针对<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>的个性因材施教,鼓励<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>质疑,发挥创造力。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">在书中,谷歌的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span><span style="color: black;">不但</span>是盈利<span style="color: black;">源自</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是一件非常有<span style="color: black;">道理</span>、有价值的事情。</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>对<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>将每一名员工的工作与<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的使命联系到<span style="color: black;">一块</span>,博克举了一个例子,他曾与一组<span style="color: black;">300</span><span style="color: black;">多名<span style="color: black;">营销</span>人员做了一次<span style="color: black;">交流</span>,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>全天都在网上<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>小微企业宣传<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>谷歌人而言,这项工作有些无聊。博克告诉<span style="color: black;">她们</span>,这些小微企业来寻求<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>在你们看来很简单的问题,对<span style="color: black;">她们</span>而言则很难。你们组织过数百次<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>宣传活动,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>这对<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>却是<span style="color: black;">第1</span>次。当亚利桑那州诺加莱斯生产定制牛仔靴子的保罗·邦德皮靴<span style="color: black;">机构</span>想要拓展口口相传的<span style="color: black;">营销</span>模式时,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>在谷歌投放的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>批<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>就带来</span><span style="color: black;">20%</span><span style="color: black;">的<span style="color: black;">营销</span>额<span style="color: black;">提高</span>。</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">保罗的<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">忽然</span>与一个更大的世界联系到了<span style="color: black;">一块</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>次与谷歌人分享<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的故事视频时,谷歌人都<span style="color: black;">反常</span>兴奋、深受鼓舞。还有写到竞价拍卖关键词,“萨拉尔</span><span style="color: black;">∙</span><span style="color: black;">卡曼加有远见卓识,创造出搜索条目的拍卖形式。他与工程师埃里克</span><span style="color: black;">∙</span><span style="color: black;">维奇默契合作,<span style="color: black;">创立</span>起谷歌的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>套<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>系统。<span style="color: black;">例如</span>在出版<span style="color: black;">行业</span>,杂志会列出每一百万读者阅读的收费标价。萨拉尔<span style="color: black;">无</span>进行预先收费,而是梦想着依据用户搜索的每一个单词或短语进行拍卖。谷歌不会独断专权决定<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>的展示<span style="color: black;">次序</span>。相反,由<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>登出<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>竞标,决定<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">期盼</span>在<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>列表中的排位,</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">价格从<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>单词不足<span style="color: black;">1</span><span style="color: black;">美分到超过</span><span style="color: black;">10</span><span style="color: black;">美元不等。这些有洞察力的想法为<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的股东创造了数十亿美元的价值,为登<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>带来了数千亿美元的新商机,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>用户<span style="color: black;">亦</span>更加高兴,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">此刻</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>能够从<span style="color: black;">全部</span>网络中准确地找到需要的信息。</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">”</span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">“不作恶”既靠自律<span style="color: black;">亦</span>靠他律</span></strong></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">《重新定义团队》中将谷歌的文化写得非常美好,但<span style="color: black;">实质</span>中<span style="color: black;">同样</span>有<span style="color: black;">各样</span>各样的问题。以其<span style="color: black;">重点</span>盈利<span style="color: black;">源自</span>竞价排名<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>来看,<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>本身是联接生产者和消费者的桥梁。从市场营销课开篇那句“不是你</span><span style="color: black;">制造出更好的捕鼠器,需要灭鼠的消费者就会自动送上门来</span><span style="color: black;">”,到马克思的名言“</span><span style="color: black;">商品到货币是一次惊险的跳跃</span><span style="color: black;">”,<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>,<span style="color: black;">无</span>营销,商品<span style="color: black;">没法</span>到达需要的消费者心中和手中。竞价排名<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>使互联网搜索<span style="color: black;">机构</span>找到了盈利<span style="color: black;">源自</span>。但和卖实物商品的电子商务平台面临<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>减少假货的问题<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,互联网搜索<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>面临着<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>识别信息真假的问题。一是信息不对<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>问题本身很难<span style="color: black;">处理</span>,二是正如风吹江南在<span style="color: black;">2016</span><span style="color: black;">年的“百度事件或将改变互联网历史”一文中所分析的,以不正当手段<span style="color: black;">得到</span>暴利的企业(如生产假货的企业、打虚假<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>的医院等)</span></span><span style="color: black;">有更高的收益空间来支撑流量的购买</span><span style="color: black;">。互联网平台的<span style="color: black;">商场</span>模式很难从<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上杜绝此类问题。需要在<span style="color: black;">外边</span>监管约束下,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>企业本身为了长远发展的道德自律下,企业以<span style="color: black;">持续</span>改进的技术手段来防范和减少假货、假信息的问题。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2015<span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">6</span><span style="color: black;">月虎嗅网的<span style="color: black;">文案</span>“‘不作恶’的谷歌<span style="color: black;">为何</span>要‘做正确的事’?”中写道:“在谷歌正式更名</span><span style="color: black;">Alphabet</span><span style="color: black;">之后,</span><span style="color: black;">Alphabet</span><span style="color: black;">向内部所有员工发布了<span style="color: black;">机构</span>新的<span style="color: black;">行径</span>准则‘做正确的事——遵守法律、<span style="color: black;">行径</span>端正,相互尊重’,而之前的‘不作恶’并<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>在内。<span style="color: black;">始终</span><span style="color: black;">败兴</span>,‘不作恶’是老谷歌引以为傲的精神信仰,意在于让谷歌<span style="color: black;">作为</span>与众<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。这一价值观于</span><span style="color: black;">1999</span><span style="color: black;">年首次确认,在</span><span style="color: black;">2004</span><span style="color: black;">年被写入<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的首次公开招股书中。</span><span style="color: black;">10</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">数年</span>过去了,尽管批评者们常借此评判其并未总能遵守这一点,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>乔布斯都<span style="color: black;">打击</span>过谷歌<span style="color: black;">所说</span>‘不作恶’信条完全是‘扯淡’,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>,这并不妨碍谷歌<span style="color: black;">作为</span>一家伟大的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。”</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2016<span style="color: black;">年百度因魏则西事件被指“邪恶”,开头有人拿谷歌的“不作恶”和百度作对比,<span style="color: black;">火速</span>有人翻出谷歌的黑历史,“美国怎么打击虚假医药<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>?谷歌遭受钓鱼执法”一文讲述了</span><span style="color: black;">2011</span><span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">8</span><span style="color: black;">月,谷歌与美国司法部就<span style="color: black;">违法</span>网络药店<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>一事达成和解,谷歌为此支付了</span><span style="color: black;">5</span><span style="color: black;">亿美元罚金的事,“<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>将百度和谷歌的对比归结于企业的道德,无疑是最简单却又偷懒的<span style="color: black;">诠释</span>。但谷歌<span style="color: black;">为何</span>能够不作恶,谷歌真的从不作恶吗?<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>回顾谷歌在虚假医疗<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>问题上的过往,或许会惊奇地<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,谷歌<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在这个问题上摔过跟头,并且遭受过严厉的<span style="color: black;">处罚</span>。但正<span style="color: black;">由于</span>此,谷歌<span style="color: black;">才可</span>始终感受到来自<span style="color: black;">背面</span>的鞭策,<span style="color: black;">持续</span>完善自己的<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>审核机制和员工道德准则。”此后,谷歌<span style="color: black;">持续</span>细化<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>法则,采取<span style="color: black;">许多</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>对<span style="color: black;">违法</span><span style="color: black;">宣传</span>加强监管、更清晰列明搜索广告。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>,百度竞价排名<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>中<span style="color: black;">显现</span>的问题,不仅是企业<span style="color: black;">自己</span>经营理念的问题,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>和曾经的监管缺失<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2018<span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">7</span><span style="color: black;">月</span><span style="color: black;">18</span><span style="color: black;">日,欧盟宣布对谷歌处以创纪录的</span><span style="color: black;">43.4</span><span style="color: black;">亿欧元罚款,理由是谷歌<span style="color: black;">经过</span></span><span style="color: black;">Android</span><span style="color: black;">系统将用户引导至自己的搜索引擎,削弱了有竞争关系的搜索引擎<span style="color: black;">供给</span>商和应用<span style="color: black;">研发</span>者,阻碍市场竞争。谷歌搜索引擎在欧洲有超过</span><span style="color: black;">90%</span><span style="color: black;">的份额。美国财经<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>认为,与</span><span style="color: black;">2004</span><span style="color: black;">年的微软反垄断案类似,这场官司可能需要几年时间<span style="color: black;">才可</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>上诉程序得到<span style="color: black;">处理</span>,任何<span style="color: black;">最后</span><span style="color: black;">解救</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>可能都会比欧盟期望的晚太多,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不太可能对竞争的放开产生预期的影响。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">企业自然有盈利的动机和压力,<span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">把握</span>越来越大的权力(数据资源)的互联网巨头,削弱或打压竞争对手以扩大自己市场份额,利用客户数据谋取更大利益,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是一个自然的倾向。但以何为度,过之则是“恶”,则是一个相当<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的问题。例如用户隐私<span style="color: black;">守护</span>,欧盟的标准<span style="color: black;">亦</span>许太严苛,中国的标准<span style="color: black;">亦</span>许太宽松,是以发展、便利为优先,还是更保守、审慎,各国有<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>(立法者<span style="color: black;">表率</span>或代替人民作出的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>),会<span style="color: black;">极重</span>影响<span style="color: black;">将来</span>的发展。</span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">5、</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">百度和谷歌的竞争</span></strong></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">南桥<span style="color: black;">2018</span><span style="color: black;">年</span><span style="color: black;">8</span><span style="color: black;">月</span><span style="color: black;">10</span><span style="color: black;">日财新博客<span style="color: black;">文案</span>“谷歌和百度差距不在搜索”认为“谷歌<span style="color: black;">挣钱</span>、<span style="color: black;">办事</span>两不误,姿态优美得多。有<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">商场</span>伦理,是二者的一大差别。”“百度旗下<span style="color: black;">制品</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>在整合性、用户体验这些方面我感觉还早得很。</span></span><span style="color: black;">做出超群的<span style="color: black;">制品</span>,是谷歌远超百度的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>。谷歌<span style="color: black;">制品</span>不需要<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>营销,用过的人自然<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">”文中列出了<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>谷歌<span style="color: black;">制品</span>的优点,可惜我都还没用过。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">我自然<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">期盼</span>谷歌能进入大陆,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">巴望</span>的是谷歌的英语文献搜索功能,谷歌比百度强太多。网友一边倒的在谷歌和百度之间<span style="color: black;">选取</span>谷歌,</span><span style="color: black;">既有对百度</span><span style="color: black;">本身</span><span style="color: black;">的不满,<span style="color: black;">更加是</span>对<span style="color: black;">有些</span>政策不满的发泄。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">不外</span>,</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>象在欧洲<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,谷歌取得压倒性市场份额,对中国<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的大国,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>未必是好事。<span style="color: black;">2010</span><span style="color: black;">年谷歌退出中国大陆,<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上是给了百度成长空间。百度在中文搜索<span style="color: black;">行业</span>,应该还是有和谷歌竞争的实力的,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>百度要竞争的<span style="color: black;">行业</span>,已不限于中文搜索。<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>谷歌的重新进入,给中国用户<span style="color: black;">选取</span>的空间,给百度更大的竞争压力,使百度在竞争中<span style="color: black;">作为</span>更优秀的企业。毕竟,<span style="color: black;">做为</span>中国的消费者,还是<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>中国的企业能在中国能有主场<span style="color: black;">优良</span>,在世界舞台上有一席之地,只要<span style="color: black;">她们</span>不是<span style="color: black;">那样</span>老是让消费者失望。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">百度,要加油啊!</span></p>
页:
[1]