AI助手革新软件研发 其中的挑战与机会
<span style="color: black;">点击上方“<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">蓝色字体</span></strong>”，<span style="color: black;">选取</span> “<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">设为星标</span></strong>”</span><p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">关键讯息，D1时间送达！</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ianq03UUWGmIjdcvsRu9vwib8r3GibibtkQ76vGtFtHTbTPt4Mv8DeVcFvCNnaC5QLD1DibIL4CllIO0szRSzdd0L4g/640?wx_fmt=other&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;">随着GenAI技术在代码编写方面的进步，软件<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队的结构正在<span style="color: black;">出现</span>深刻变革，QA和初级<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员的职位面临<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。AI助手能够生成高质量代码，使<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队更加精简，以资深<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员为核心，负责监督和优化AI生成的代码。企业<span style="color: black;">经过</span>AI工具实现<span style="color: black;">研发</span>流程的自动化和精益化，减少了初级<span style="color: black;">研发</span>者和<span style="color: black;">制品</span>经理的<span style="color: black;">需要</span>，转而依赖于跨职能团队和资深软件架构师，然而，这一趋势<span style="color: black;">亦</span>带来了挑战，如培训下一代软件架构师的<span style="color: black;">困难</span>。尽管许多IT领导者认为AI助手将<span style="color: black;">提高</span>生产力，减少<span style="color: black;">研发</span>岗位的<span style="color: black;">需要</span>，但<span style="color: black;">有些</span>专家对此持<span style="color: black;">可疑</span>态度，认为AI的<span style="color: black;">实质</span>效益可能被夸大。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">随着AI在编写代码方面的能力越来越强，<span style="color: black;">有些</span>IT领导者认为，软件<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队可能会缩减为仅由<span style="color: black;">少许</span>高级职位<span style="color: black;">构成</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">尽管<span style="color: black;">初期</span>的反馈结果好坏参半，但结论似乎<span style="color: black;">已然</span>显而易见：GenAI编码助手将重塑软件<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队的组建方式，QA(质量<span style="color: black;">保准</span>)和初级<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员的职位面临<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">随着AI助手在代码编写方面的能力<span style="color: black;">持续</span><span style="color: black;">提高</span>，<span style="color: black;">有些</span>IT领导者<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>，CIO和<span style="color: black;">研发</span>负责人将会重新<span style="color: black;">调节</span>团队，重点放在AI专家和高级<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员身上，由<span style="color: black;">她们</span>负责监督和优化AI生成的代码。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">应用<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队将变得更加精简，剩下的高级<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员将专注于<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>将<span style="color: black;">制品</span><span style="color: black;">需要</span>最有效地转化为软件<span style="color: black;">研发</span>，Climate Tech Strategic Advisors的创始人、曾任Fermata Energy(一个车网互联应用<span style="color: black;">供给</span>商)<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队负责人的Anna Demeo<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">她指出，依赖AI编码助手的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>将减少对初级<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员、实习生，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>某些<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下对<span style="color: black;">制品</span>经理的招聘，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>这些角色将被AI取代。她说：“当你<span style="color: black;">持有</span>一个庞大的团队时，总会有A类和B类员工，<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>不会有C类员工，但现实中<span style="color: black;">她们</span>存在，AI在某种程度上使<span style="color: black;">作为</span>C类或B类员工变得更加困难。”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">剩下的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员将需要具备批判性思维，能够理解业务<span style="color: black;">需要</span>，并能与<span style="color: black;">制品</span>专家、市场<span style="color: black;">分部</span>和其他员工<span style="color: black;">一块</span>跨职能合作。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员的角色如同编辑</strong></span></p><span style="color: black;">Demeo<span style="color: black;">已然</span>看到<span style="color: black;">有些</span>客户<span style="color: black;">机构</span>正在围绕AI重组<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队，由高级<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员或软件架构师监督并<span style="color: black;">调节</span>AI生成的代码，她将这种角色变化比作出版小说的过程。</span><span style="color: black;">“程序员<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>需要是写作者——<span style="color: black;">她们</span>是编辑，”她说，“这些高级<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员必须理解内容是谁在阅读，在这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，谁是客户，以及<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>试图实现什么<span style="color: black;">目的</span>。”</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">将来</span>的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队将由<span style="color: black;">制品</span>经理或业务分析师、UX设计师和软件架构师<span style="color: black;">构成</span>，软件架构师将<span style="color: black;">运用</span>AI工具生成原型，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>对代码进行<span style="color: black;">调节</span>，直到准备好发布，Copado的高级副总裁David Brooks<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>道，Copado是Salesforce的DevOps平台<span style="color: black;">供给</span>商。</span><span style="color: black;">他预测，AI将接管其余的软件<span style="color: black;">研发</span>角色，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>安全和合规审查。</span><span style="color: black;">“某个时刻，<span style="color: black;">日前</span>的软件<span style="color: black;">研发</span>岗位将被淘汰，初级软件<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员将是最先被取代的，”他<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>道，“软件架构师将减少编码，<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>地从事高层次的系统设计，并关注AI生成的<span style="color: black;">处理</span><span style="color: black;">方法</span>。”</span><span style="color: black;">Brooks<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>，前进的道路上会有<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">曲折</span>，最大的挑战将是培训新一代的软件架构师——<span style="color: black;">因为</span>初级<span style="color: black;">研发</span>岗位减少，将<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>有自然的晋升通道<span style="color: black;">能够</span>培养资深<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">编码助手<span style="color: black;">已然</span>普及</strong></span></p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>尚不清楚<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队的重组何时会达到临界点，但<span style="color: black;">按照</span>GitHub<span style="color: black;">近期</span>的一项调查，AI编码助手的<span style="color: black;">运用</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>在<span style="color: black;">研发</span>者中广泛普及，来自四个国家的97%以上的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>，<span style="color: black;">她们</span>在工作中<span style="color: black;">运用</span>了AI编码工具，这<span style="color: black;">亦</span>强化了行业观察家们的观点，即编码助手是GenAI最受欢迎的应用之一。</span><span style="color: black;">GitHub报告<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>，<span style="color: black;">截止</span>1月底，已有130万用户<span style="color: black;">运用</span>了其Copilot编码助手，比上一财季增长了30%，<span style="color: black;">截止</span>7月底，已有超过77000个组织采用了Copilot，GitHub的母<span style="color: black;">机构</span>Microsoft<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">与此<span style="color: black;">同期</span>，在线教育<span style="color: black;">供给</span>商Pluralsight的最新调查<span style="color: black;">表示</span>，大约四分之三的IT专业人士担心AI会让<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的技能变得过时。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">有些</span>观察人士认为，AI的影响将是<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>的，许多<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队将在<span style="color: black;">将来</span>几个月内加快步伐，充分利用AI。</span><span style="color: black;">Intellibus的创始人兼负责人Ed Watal<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>，在<span style="color: black;">将来</span>一到两年内，<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上可能会变得更大，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>需要额外的导师来<span style="color: black;">加强</span>生产力，并在现有团队中培养AI提示工程技能。</span><span style="color: black;">但他<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>道，从长远来看，<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队可能会缩小，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>三名软件工程师将能够完成过去五到六个人的工作。</span><span style="color: black;">与此<span style="color: black;">同期</span>，传统的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>团队将被打破，<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的员工能够<span style="color: black;">运用</span>AI和低代码/无代码工具编写应用程序，Watal<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">她们</span>有能力编写代码，尽管<span style="color: black;">她们</span>可能并不深入理解AI生成的代码是<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>工作的。”他说。</span><span style="color: black;">尽管许多IT领导者预测AI编码助手<span style="color: black;">最后</span>将<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员岗位的减少，但<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有人质疑将大部分编程任务交给AI<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>明智，<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>负责人质疑<span style="color: black;">运用</span>AI<span style="color: black;">同期</span>编写和调试代码的<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>性。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">这些好处<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>被夸大了?</strong></span></p><span style="color: black;">Sauce Labs的首席测试策略师Marcus Merrell<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>，<span style="color: black;">有些</span>企业可能高估了AI编码助手节省的时间，他认为，<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员生产力可能<span style="color: black;">加强</span>30%，这是一个良好的开端，但并非<span style="color: black;">基本</span>性的变革。</span><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上我看到的是，团队认为<span style="color: black;">她们</span>会从这些工具中<span style="color: black;">得到</span>巨大的好处，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>过度投资于工具，过分依赖结构和流程的改变，<span style="color: black;">或</span>在<span style="color: black;">已然</span>计划好的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上，进一步削减员工数量，基于<span style="color: black;">她们</span>想象中从AI工具<span style="color: black;">供给</span>商那里<span style="color: black;">得到</span>的收益。”他<span style="color: black;">弥补</span>道。</span><span style="color: black;">Merrell并不认为GenAI会取代<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员的工作，相反，低代码/无代码工具的影响会更大。AI编码实验将继续取得适度成功，但<span style="color: black;">最后</span>，大型AI<span style="color: black;">机构</span>需要从<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的巨额投资中<span style="color: black;">得到</span><span style="color: black;">报答</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>将在<span style="color: black;">将来</span>两到三年内试图从这项技术中挤出生产力和‘魔法’，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>才慢慢承认这一切<span style="color: black;">不外</span>是个空壳游戏，”Merrell说，“我担心的是，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>会对这些工具产生依赖，而<span style="color: black;">哪些</span><span style="color: black;">机构</span>随后会<span style="color: black;">起始</span>收取运营这些模型的<span style="color: black;">实质</span><span style="color: black;">花费</span>，这将对<span style="color: black;">全部</span>系统<span style="color: black;">导致</span>巨大冲击。”</span>
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对于这个问题，我有不同的看法...
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