2022年10月“科学”流言榜：癌症疫苗打一针就不得癌？密胺碗是毒碗？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg70n2JNPQRAa4zbBZicIetuN9yaiafjvcFCXVe5BTr3ibhzHqlSNeWibFUOdDRO1WGjibyotDjDxlwicpBA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></a></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/Ljib4So7yuWia92JKiarN3QIqEvaia0V6MqnYicJZWwOnsISlDsEQskJeIUp71qeetMkO1icy9X75nWVrehFaAUm9c9g/640?wx_fmt=gif&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2022年10月“科学”流言榜揭晓！癌症疫苗打一针就不得癌症了？密胺碗是“夺命碗”？柿饼上的白霜是防腐剂？真相<span style="color: black;">诠释</span>>>></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg5htM6KLTDheO8bGBic8QHlhtbD6CCr42s44ibdHkV7sPRSbSjd1PY1w4oD7FrOcgLDS4ibMb4WhFMcQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">每月“科学”流言榜由北京市科学技术协会、北京市委网信办、首都互联网协会<span style="color: black;">指点</span>，北京科技记者编辑协会、北京地区<span style="color: black;">网</span>联合辟谣平台<span style="color: black;">一起</span><span style="color: black;">颁布</span>，得到中国科普作家协会科技记者与编辑专业委员会、中国晚报科学编辑记者学会、上海科技传播协会、北京市科学技术<span style="color: black;">科研</span>院科技情报<span style="color: black;">科研</span>所的支持。</p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1.癌症疫苗打一针就不得癌症了</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流言：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">有家德国生物技术<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的创始人<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>，针对癌症的疫苗可能2030年前上市。人类<span style="color: black;">最终</span>有<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>打一针就不得癌症了。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg5htM6KLTDheO8bGBic8QHlhQGxNtfDGaMYrvDG0tZMTZHjzlIDCX44h6JhIqNNQyF3g20ImoOv5VA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（<span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>/视觉中国）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">真相：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这是一种误读。癌症疫苗是“治疗性疫苗”，而非<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>小时候打的乙肝、小儿麻痹<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的“预防性疫苗”。一种疫苗，<span style="color: black;">常常</span>只对一种病原体有用。广谱的癌症预防疫苗不现实，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>癌症<span style="color: black;">并不</span>是一种病，而是<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的统<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>——<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>人的癌症其实都不太<span style="color: black;">同样</span>。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>，直接打一针就啥癌症都不得的想法很美好，但不现实。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人理解的疫苗，<span style="color: black;">便是</span>“预防性疫苗”：健康人打了疫苗，就能预防某种病。针对癌症<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是有<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的预防性疫苗的，<span style="color: black;">日前</span>有两种，即能预防肝癌的乙肝病毒（HBV） 疫苗（中国70%<span style="color: black;">上下</span>的肝癌和乙肝病毒<span style="color: black;">关联</span>）和能预防宫颈癌的人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗（99%的宫颈癌和人乳头瘤病毒<span style="color: black;">关联</span>）。但这两个疫苗严格<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，应该算是病毒疫苗，并非“癌症疫苗”。它们<span style="color: black;">亦</span>只能预防癌症里很小一部分亚型。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">目前几乎所有在临床实验的癌症疫苗都是“治疗性疫苗”，它<span style="color: black;">能够</span>分为两大类，分别叫“肿瘤特异抗原疫苗”和“肿瘤<span style="color: black;">关联</span>抗原疫苗”。这些疫苗能够<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>人体免疫细胞<span style="color: black;">精细</span>识别癌细胞，起到抗癌<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。“肿瘤治疗性疫苗”许多还在<span style="color: black;">实验</span>中，距离上市还有距离。</span></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.密胺碗是“夺命碗”</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流言：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">密胺餐具在<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>有宝宝的家庭备受<span style="color: black;">喜爱</span>，然而其原料三聚氰胺和甲醛会从餐具中渗入<span style="color: black;">食品</span>和饮料，<span style="color: black;">从而</span>影响健康，是不折不扣的“夺命碗”“毒餐盘”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg5htM6KLTDheO8bGBic8QHlhic9udIphKuh0bWhvialHtATYcMsAUNnZXsxJKS88ZBToORpwicrKI6UDQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（<span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>/视觉中国）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">真相：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">仿瓷餐具看起来如陶瓷般，但材质其实是塑料。这种用于餐具的塑料，<span style="color: black;">重点</span>原材料是高纯度的密胺树脂，又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>三聚氰胺甲醛树脂，是<span style="color: black;">经过</span>三聚氰胺和甲醛在高温<span style="color: black;">前提</span>下热固化形成的高分子化合物。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>，用三聚氰胺甲醛树脂作原材料生产密胺餐具是一种较成熟的工艺，严格<span style="color: black;">根据</span>国家标准生产、质量合格的密胺树脂餐具在正常<span style="color: black;">运用</span>时，几乎不会产生有毒的、游离状态的三聚氰胺及甲醛单体，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>不会对人体产生<span style="color: black;">害处</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">从监管<span style="color: black;">分部</span>的抽检结果来看，<span style="color: black;">日前</span>市场上<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>担忧和质疑的“夺命碗”都是不合格<span style="color: black;">制品</span>，<span style="color: black;">重点</span>是<span style="color: black;">有些</span>小厂家生产过程中的温度、压力和成型时间等参数<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>好<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。而除此之外，则是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>三聚氰胺成本相对较高，<span style="color: black;">有些</span><span style="color: black;">违法</span><span style="color: black;">公司</span>在原料中掺杂了价格较低、稳定性较弱，容易释放出甲醛的脲醛树脂。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另外</span>，即使是合格的密胺仿瓷餐具，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>应该<span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>放入微波炉、烤箱<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>高温消毒，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不<span style="color: black;">意见</span>盛装腐蚀性液体，避免产生有毒有害物质。</span></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.总用一款牙膏会产生耐药性</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流言：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">牙膏<span style="color: black;">必须</span>勤换牌子和款式，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">长期</span>用同一款牙膏，就会产生耐药性。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg5htM6KLTDheO8bGBic8QHlhglT4hVuxY8EZo88CgtAHbLAo5MPZq22uqbdrnOxneNLCpfHswB7Nxg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（<span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>/视觉中国）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">真相：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">牙膏不存在“耐药性”问题。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>市售的牙膏<span style="color: black;">重点</span>分为普通型牙膏和功效型牙膏两种。普通型牙膏的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>功能是清洁，其<span style="color: black;">成份</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>摩擦剂、洁净剂和润湿剂等。其中，摩擦剂占到 30%-55%，它的<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>是借助牙刷的机械摩擦动作，对牙釉质进行打磨，除去附着在牙齿表面的牙菌斑和牙石，使口腔洁净清爽，<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>能起到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的美白<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。<span style="color: black;">因为</span>不含<span style="color: black;">药品</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>普通型牙膏不存在耐药性问题。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">功效型牙膏是在普通牙膏的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上加入<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的功效性<span style="color: black;">成份</span>，如<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>防龋、增白、抑菌和消炎等<span style="color: black;">功效</span>的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>或化学制剂。跟普通型牙膏比，它们<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>特殊功效，但<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>同一种功效型牙膏<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>口腔问题，如：<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>添加过氧化物辅助美白<span style="color: black;">成份</span>的牙膏容易<span style="color: black;">导致</span>牙釉质<span style="color: black;">损害</span>，使牙本质小管暴露，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>牙齿<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>等。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>，<span style="color: black;">运用</span>功效型牙膏可<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">定时</span>更换，避免过量摄入添加<span style="color: black;">成份</span>而<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>口腔问题，但这和“耐药性”<span style="color: black;">没</span>关。</span></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4.柿饼上的白霜是防腐剂</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流言：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">柿饼上的白霜是防腐剂，在食用前要将其洗掉。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg5htM6KLTDheO8bGBic8QHlhgFGDNIrulAZeictxTlXbtdzMkprV4JfcJkuEwKqlDdA5hiazvJG9bwug/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（<span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>/视觉中国）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">真相：</span></p><span style="color: black;">柿饼上的白霜其实是柿饼制作过程中天然形成的糖霜。收获的柿子削皮后进行晾晒，晾晒过程中柿子内部的水混着糖渗到了果实表面，当水分蒸发后，糖结晶<span style="color: black;">累积</span>在表面就形<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>白霜。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这层白霜的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">成份</span>是葡萄糖，葡萄糖属于甜度较低的糖，<span style="color: black;">小于</span>果糖，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>吃起来并不是非常甜。白霜的多少，取决于柿子的含糖量、晾晒的温度和湿度以及不同的制作工艺。在温度<span style="color: black;">上升</span>时，这层白霜还可能<span style="color: black;">由于</span>温度高而融化，变得越来越少。</span></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5.“巨型稻”种植<span style="color: black;">前提</span>苛刻，不如普通水稻</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流言：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“巨型稻”长得<span style="color: black;">高挑</span>，肯定<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>伺候，且<span style="color: black;">必须</span>苛刻的环境<span style="color: black;">才可</span>种植，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>不如普通水稻。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg5htM6KLTDheO8bGBic8QHlhWUNQGw4nKRMnJlHFeXs8CZFp3IlPcOxX2qHeCGibVOCt6ib8gENR8J2Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（<span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>/视觉中国）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">真相：</span></p><span style="color: black;">“巨型稻”平均株高<span style="color: black;">能够</span>达到2米，个别植株最高能达到2.2米，属于高秆水稻，有别于普通水稻1米<span style="color: black;">上下</span>的高度。成年人钻进稻田地里犹如来到“水稻森林”，只闻其声，不见其人。</span><span style="color: black;">专家<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>“巨型稻”<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>籼粳稻与野生稻进行远缘杂交，<span style="color: black;">而后</span>经过人工定向选育得到的，它很好地继承<span style="color: black;">了多种水稻的优点，<span style="color: black;">同期</span>突破性地产生了有别于其他水稻的优良特点。</span></span><span style="color: black;">其实，普通水稻<span style="color: black;">针对</span>种植环境<span style="color: black;">需求</span>反而比较苛刻，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">仅有</span>水热<span style="color: black;">前提</span>良好的水田<span style="color: black;">才可</span>满足。相比之下，“巨型稻”的根系发达、生长速度较快，对肥分的利用率达到70%以上，对水肥<span style="color: black;">前提</span>的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>略<span style="color: black;">小于</span>普通水稻。其生命力非常顽强，耐旱、抗碱、耐海水，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>在旱地的环境下<span style="color: black;">亦</span>能正常生长，<span style="color: black;">同期</span>，每亩产出3-5吨秸秆，可部分<span style="color: black;">处理</span>我国牧草短缺的难题。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>“巨型稻”株形<span style="color: black;">高挑</span>，根系深厚，能够有效应对<span style="color: black;">有些</span>小型洪涝灾害和暴雨天气，<span style="color: black;">极重</span>降低了气象灾害<span style="color: black;">危害</span>损失。并且秸秆较长且数量多，<span style="color: black;">鲜嫩</span>度高，是青储饲料的不二之选。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">不外</span>，新品种大面积推广种植并<span style="color: black;">不易</span>，在一个区域进行推广之前，<span style="color: black;">必要</span>先进行实验，经过当地农作物品种审定委员会审定，取得合法“身份证”后<span style="color: black;">才可</span>进行大面积的种植。</span></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">6.防晒衣是“智商税”</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流言：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">除了防晒霜、打伞之类的<span style="color: black;">平常</span>手段，利用服装服饰防晒<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是个好办法。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>，普通衣服就足够挡住紫外线了，防晒衣<span style="color: black;">便是</span>“智商税”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg5htM6KLTDheO8bGBic8QHlhFS2S9hdxXXdL2aOJWv7l7ku4hjHSRsibzVWbA9DqCukCfudB4OXG52A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（<span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>/视觉中国）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">真相：</span></p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">根据</span>国标GB/T 18830-2009《纺织品防紫外线性能的评定》的规定，防紫外线纺织品<span style="color: black;">必要</span>达到UPF（紫外线防护系数）＞40，UVA透过率＜5%，<span style="color: black;">才可</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为防紫外线<span style="color: black;">制品</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>合格的、符合标准的防晒衣并不是“智商税”。</span><span style="color: black;">人们<span style="color: black;">平常</span>穿着的服装面料，确实都有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的防紫外线功能。当紫外线照射到服装表面时，会<span style="color: black;">出现</span>反射、散射、吸收、透过等现象，<span style="color: black;">这般</span>人皮肤表面受到的<span style="color: black;">损伤</span>就变小了。</span><span style="color: black;">面料的防紫外效果与纤维材料、织造结构紧密度、织物厚重度、颜色深浅等要素有<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>关系。例如，天然纤维中的棉和丝的防紫外效果<span style="color: black;">通常</span>，毛稍好，亚麻最好，化学纤维中涤纶（又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>聚酯纤维）的防紫外效果最好；面料的织造结构紧密度越高、越厚重、透孔率越低，防紫外效果就越好。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>，<span style="color: black;">平常</span>服装对紫外线的防护效果有限，<span style="color: black;">长期</span>暴露在<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>阳光下的户外场景里，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>就<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>较高紫外线防护功能的防晒衣，它们<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>对紫外线的反射、散射<span style="color: black;">或</span>吸收能力，从而减少透过面料到达皮肤表面的紫外线。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">7.孕妇拍摄胸部X线会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>宝宝畸形</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流言：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">孕妇拍摄胸部X线，以及<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>电脑、手机的辐射会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>宝宝畸形，WiFi、<span style="color: black;">轻轨</span>安检仪<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有<span style="color: black;">一样</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg5htM6KLTDheO8bGBic8QHlhUKa4L1APNB1OqsqMtLansLlVL6f9cqSlDVYUbibI9y7NKOQvJAjPG6Q/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（<span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>/视觉中国）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">真相：</span></p><span style="color: black;">辐射分两种：一种是非电离辐射，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>常说的电脑、手机、电视、微波炉、WiFi、收音机、烤箱等都是非电离辐射。<span style="color: black;">按照</span>世界卫生组织的<span style="color: black;">意见</span>，暴露于正常环境中的非电离辐射磁场中，不会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>流产、胎儿畸形、胎儿生长<span style="color: black;">生长</span>迟缓、死胎等出生缺陷的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>非电离辐射是安全的。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">另一</span>一种辐射是电离辐射，孕妈妈最常接触到的电离辐射<span style="color: black;">便是</span>诊断性影像学<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>X线、CT等。<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>胎儿不良<span style="color: black;">结果</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">体积</span>取决于胎儿的暴露孕周和暴露剂量。<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，辐射剂量<span style="color: black;">小于</span>50mGy（毫戈瑞）时，不会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>胎儿不良影响。<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>大剂量的暴露，即大于1000mGy（毫戈瑞）时才会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>胚胎死亡，大于610mGy（毫戈瑞）的辐射剂量可能<span style="color: black;">导致</span>出生后智力<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>。<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，临床常用的诊断性的影像学<span style="color: black;">检测</span>的辐射量远远<span style="color: black;">小于</span>安全剂量。其中常用的胸部X射线和胸部CT的胎儿辐射暴露剂量分别为0.0005-0.001mGy（毫戈瑞），<span style="color: black;">因此</span>孕期的诊断性影像学<span style="color: black;">检测</span>是安全的。</span></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">8.太阳镜颜色和功能<span style="color: black;">没</span>关</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流言：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">太阳镜<span style="color: black;">那样</span>多种颜色，其实只是人们品位不同罢了，和功能<span style="color: black;">无</span>什么关系。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg5htM6KLTDheO8bGBic8QHlhCWZ32b9mQIYFd7FCk7TSWqVtJAbDw3ZYwz68vXrJG0Csp5cq5xehLA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（<span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>/视觉中国）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">真相：</span></p><span style="color: black;">太阳镜的颜色不同，其<span style="color: black;">功效</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>不同。<span style="color: black;">认识</span>太阳镜颜色的<span style="color: black;">奥密</span>，会让佩戴者更好地<span style="color: black;">守护</span>眼睛。</span><span style="color: black;">茶色镜片能滤除<span style="color: black;">海量</span>蓝光，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>改善视觉的对比度和清晰度，适合在空气污染严重<span style="color: black;">或</span>多雾的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下佩戴。茶色镜片在减少光亮度的<span style="color: black;">同期</span>，物体颜色的失真最小，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>能略减蓝光的光晕，使影像更清晰，<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>眩光防护。茶色系镜片<span style="color: black;">能够</span>挡住平滑光亮表面的反射光线，让人们即使戴着太阳镜仍然可看清细微部分，是驾驶员的理想<span style="color: black;">选取</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">灰色镜片对太阳光中各色的过滤量几乎相等，可完全吸收红外线和98%的紫外线。它最大的好处是不会使景物原来的颜色因镜片而改变，<span style="color: black;">况且</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>非常有效地降低光线强度。</span><span style="color: black;">绿色系镜片<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>有效地吸收红外线和99%的紫外线。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>，绿色镜片<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>阻挡了光线中的青、红色，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>所看到的景物颜色在经过绿色镜片后有时会<span style="color: black;">出现</span>改变，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>其阻隔光线的效果<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要略<span style="color: black;">小于</span>灰色镜片。</span><span style="color: black;">红色镜片<span style="color: black;">能够</span>过滤95%的紫外线和<span style="color: black;">有些</span>波长较短的可见光，<span style="color: black;">意见</span>在天气多变的<span style="color: black;">前提</span>下<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">黄色镜片可吸收100%的紫外线，并且能让红外线和83%的可见光穿透镜片。黄色镜片最大的特点在于吸收了大部分的蓝光，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>使自然界的景物更清楚，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>常用来当作“滤光镜”，适用于清晨、<span style="color: black;">傍晚</span>或是雨天的光线环境。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">镭射镜片适用于海滩、雪地或船上等阳光、反光<span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>的环境。</span></p><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">9.孕期吃螃蟹会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>流产</span></strong>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">流言：</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">孕期<span style="color: black;">不可</span>吃螃蟹、冰淇淋，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>流产<span style="color: black;">或</span>难产，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>喝咖啡，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>流产<span style="color: black;">或</span>胎儿畸形。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/U0CLMuPcsg5htM6KLTDheO8bGBic8QHlh5MYoJJteAFM8GovWBYPEsXJ1PeqmAuKQxicbM5PxGbuib0u5zvn6Dzvg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（<span style="color: black;">照片</span><span style="color: black;">源自</span>/视觉中国）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">真相：</span></p><span style="color: black;">确定对海鲜<span style="color: black;">不外</span>敏的孕妇，在螃蟹完全煮熟后是<span style="color: black;">能够</span>吃的，螃蟹肉质高蛋白低脂肪，<span style="color: black;">饱含</span>不饱和脂肪酸、DHA以及微量元素，被美国FDA<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>为仅次于鱼类的妊娠期最佳食材之一。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>孕前从未涉足过螃蟹美味，那就怀孕<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>次不要尝试了，万一过敏可不是小事，过敏会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>流产、早产<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>威胁生命。</span><span style="color: black;">怀孕<span style="color: black;">时期</span>偶尔吃一根冰淇淋解解馋是<span style="color: black;">准许</span>的。但<span style="color: black;">首要</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>适量原则，其次要<span style="color: black;">选取</span>符合卫生标准的冰淇淋，并且避免反复冻融，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>冰淇淋细菌超标，会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>严重腹泻<span style="color: black;">引起</span>流产，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>不幸感染了李斯特菌，严重可<span style="color: black;">导致</span>菌血症<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>脑膜炎，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>付出生命的代价。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">怀孕<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是<span style="color: black;">能够</span>喝咖啡的，但原则<span style="color: black;">便是</span>不要过量，<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，怀孕后，只要<span style="color: black;">每日</span>摄入的咖啡因总量不超过200mg就不会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>不良后果。一杯中杯（345ml）的美式咖啡，咖啡因含量是150mg。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">点此查看往期《每月“科学”流言榜》</a></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（本期内容<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：科普中国、中国消费者报、北京科技报、“科学辟谣”平台、腾讯较真、“菠萝因子”<span style="color: black;">微X</span>公众号）</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">推</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">荐</span></strong><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">阅读</span></strong></span></p><a style="color: black;">辛吉飞首次<span style="color: black;">回复</span>食品添加剂争议，食品添加剂真的是“海克斯科技”吗？</a><a style="color: black;">没</a>有心跳，却能像正<span style="color: black;">一般人</span><span style="color: black;">同样</span>生活！“人工心脏”的<span style="color: black;">哪些</span>事儿<a style="color: black;">欧盟将统一<span style="color: black;">运用</span>Type-C接口！苹果Lightning接口<span style="color: black;">为么</span>被时代抛弃？</a><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">出品：科普中央厨房 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">监制：北京科技报 | 北科传媒</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">欢迎分享到<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span>圈</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">公众号、报刊等转载</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">请发邮件至bjkjbeditor@163.com</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">未经授权谢绝转载，违者必究</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">识别二维码，下载“北京科技报”客户端</strong></p>
谷歌网站排名优化 http://www.fok120.com/ 大势所趋，用于讽刺一些制作目的就是为了跟风玩梗，博取眼球的作品。 期待你更多的精彩评论，一起交流学习。 外链论坛的成功举办，是与各位领导、同仁们的关怀和支持分不开的。在此，我谨代表公司向关心和支持论坛的各界人士表示最衷心的感谢！ 网站建设seio论坛http://www.fok120.com/ 感谢你的精彩评论，带给我新的思考角度。 回顾历史，我们感慨万千；放眼未来，我们信心百倍。 “BS”（鄙视的缩写）
页:
[1]