肿瘤标志物的参考道理是什么?
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">概述</h2>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤标志(tumor marker,TM)<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>肿瘤组织产生的<span style="color: black;">能够</span>反映肿瘤<span style="color: black;">自己</span>存在的化学物质,又<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>肿瘤标记物。是反映肿瘤存在的化学类物质。它们或不存在于正常成人组织而仅见于胚胎组织,或在肿瘤组织中的含量大大超过在正常组织里的含量,它们的存在或量变<span style="color: black;">能够</span>提示肿瘤的性质,借以<span style="color: black;">认识</span>肿瘤的组织<span style="color: black;">出现</span>、细胞分化、细胞功能,以<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>肿瘤的诊断、<span style="color: black;">归类</span>、预后判断以及治疗<span style="color: black;">指点</span>。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">.肿瘤标志物的特点</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、由肿瘤细胞产生,并可在血液、组织液、分泌液或肿瘤组织中检测出;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、在正常机体和良性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>组织中<span style="color: black;">不可</span>检测出;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3、某一肿瘤的肿瘤标志物能在该肿瘤大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>病例中检测出;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4、在临床尚<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">知道</span>肿瘤证据之前能被检测出;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5、肿瘤标志物的量值能反映肿瘤<span style="color: black;">体积</span>;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6、在<span style="color: black;">必定</span>程度上能有助于估计疗效、预测肿瘤复发和转移等。但在现行检测的肿瘤标志物中,绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">不仅</span>存在于恶性肿瘤中,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>存在于良性肿瘤胚胎组织,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>正常组织中。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">肿瘤标志物可<span style="color: black;">做为</span>体检项目吗?</h2>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>、诊断是治愈肿瘤,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>是预防肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">重要</span>。体检是<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>癌症和癌前病变的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>途径。体检中各项血液<span style="color: black;">检测</span>指标,<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>、X线、肛门直肠指检,妇科体检中的巴氏涂片、乳腺钼钯摄片等都是常用的筛查肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。血液<span style="color: black;">检测</span>是体检中查出<span style="color: black;">初期</span>癌症的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>手段,检测血液中<span style="color: black;">各样</span>肿瘤标志物指标<span style="color: black;">是不是</span><span style="color: black;">上升</span>,则可有助于<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>、鉴别<span style="color: black;">各样</span>恶性肿瘤。从正常细胞到肿瘤细胞及癌前病变是一个较长的过程,<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>肿瘤<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的肿瘤标志物的<span style="color: black;">反常</span>,<span style="color: black;">即时</span>采取有效的预防或治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,阻止正常细胞的癌变或阻止良性肿瘤细胞恶变,从而预防肿瘤<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是恶性肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>肿瘤的治愈率。在现今致癌<span style="color: black;">原因</span><span style="color: black;">持续</span><span style="color: black;">增加</span>,环境污染程度不可知<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不可控的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,将肿瘤标志物检测<span style="color: black;">做为</span>体检项目是必要的。<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是明智的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>。</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">临床进行<span style="color: black;">有些</span>组合<span style="color: black;">检测</span>肿瘤普查</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一种肿瘤可分泌多种肿瘤标志物,而不同的肿瘤标志物的不同组织类型可有相同的肿瘤标志物,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>在不同的肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">身体</span>,肿瘤标志物的质和量变化<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">很强</span>。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,单独检测一种肿瘤标志物,可能会<span style="color: black;">由于</span>测定<span style="color: black;">办法</span>的灵敏度<span style="color: black;">不足</span>而<span style="color: black;">显现</span>假阴性,联合检测多种肿瘤标志物有利于<span style="color: black;">加强</span>检出的阳性率。为此,<span style="color: black;">选取</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>特异性强、<span style="color: black;">能够</span>互补的肿瘤标志物联合测定,对<span style="color: black;">加强</span>肿瘤的检出率是有价值的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、肿瘤普查四项:AFP、CEA、Fer、β2-MG</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、肿瘤三项:AFP、CEA、CA199</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3、妇科肿瘤五项:AFP、CEA、CA125、CA153、CA199</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4、卵巢癌二项:CA125、CEA</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">5、乳腺癌二项:CA153、CA199</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">6、消化道肿瘤六项:AFP CEA CA199 CA242 CA724 CA50</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">7、肝胆肿瘤五项:AFP CEA CA199 CA125 CA50</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">8、胃癌三项:CEA CA724 CA199</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">9、肺癌三项:CEA NSE CYFRA211</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">十、</span>前列腺癌三项:PSA FPSA PAP</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">11、前列腺癌两项:PSA FPSA</p>
<h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">肿瘤标志物阳性还要做什么<span style="color: black;">检测</span>?</h2>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>高度<span style="color: black;">可疑</span>肿瘤病人<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,进行肿瘤标志物<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>阳性结果,则对肿瘤的诊断<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了支持依据,再采用其他<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>超声、磁共振、CT、X线拍片、红外乳腺等<span style="color: black;">检测</span>给予进一步确诊,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>达到<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,<span style="color: black;">初期</span>治疗的目的。 <span style="color: black;">针对</span>事先并<span style="color: black;">没</span>癌症迹象,只是例行体检中<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>肿瘤标志物阳性者<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,<span style="color: black;">首要</span>还是要对相应器官进一步<span style="color: black;">检测</span>,<span style="color: black;">包含</span>超声、磁共振、CT、X线拍片、红外乳腺等<span style="color: black;">检测</span>,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>CA242阳性,就重点<span style="color: black;">检测</span>胃镜、腹部超声等,NSE阳性就重点<span style="color: black;">检测</span>腹部X线拍片和CT等,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>出问题,就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在肿瘤<span style="color: black;">没</span>症状的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>诊断和治疗,效果很好。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>肿瘤标志物阳性,其他<span style="color: black;">检测</span>未<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>肿瘤,则应该3个月或半年复查,若还是<span style="color: black;">升高</span>,还要对相应器官进行其他<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>,若变为阴性结果,则<span style="color: black;">能够</span>改为1年<span style="color: black;">检测</span>1次。</p>
说得好啊!我在外链论坛打滚这么多年,所谓阅人无数,就算没有见过猪走路,也总明白猪肉是啥味道的。 外贸B2B平台有哪些?
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