你晓得PHP协程是什么吗?
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">什么是协程</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">先搞清楚,什么是协程。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">你可能<span style="color: black;">已然</span>听过『进程』和『线程』这两个概念。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">进程<span style="color: black;">便是</span>二进制可执行文件在计算机内存里的一个运行实例,就好比你的.exe文件是个类,进程<span style="color: black;">便是</span>new出来的那个实例。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">进程是计算机系统进行资源分配和调度的基本单位(调度单位<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>别纠结线程进程的),<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>CPU下同一时刻只能处理一个进程。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">所说</span>的并行,只<span style="color: black;">不外</span>是看起来并行,CPU事实上在用<span style="color: black;">火速</span>的速度切换<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的进程。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">进程的切换需要进行系统调用,CPU要<span style="color: black;">保留</span>当前进程的各个信息,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>还会使CPUCache被废掉。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>进程切换不到费不得已就不做。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那样</span>怎么实现『进程切换不到费不得已就不做』呢?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">首要</span>进程被切换的<span style="color: black;">要求</span>是:进程执行完毕、分配给进程的CPU时间片结束,系统<span style="color: black;">出现</span>中断需要处理,<span style="color: black;">或</span>进程等待必要的资源(进程阻塞)等。你想下,前面几种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>自然<span style="color: black;">无</span>什么话可说,<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是在阻塞等待,是不是就浪费了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其实阻塞的话<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的程序还有其他可执行的<span style="color: black;">地区</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>执行,不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要傻傻的等!<span style="color: black;">因此</span>就有了线程。线程简单理解<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一个『微进程』,专门跑一个函数(<span style="color: black;">规律</span>流)。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在编写程序的过程中将<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">同期</span>运行的函数用线程来<span style="color: black;">表现</span>了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">线程有两种类型,一种<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>内核来管理和调度。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>说,只要<span style="color: black;">触及</span>需要内核参与管理调度的,代价都是很大的。这种线程其实<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就<span style="color: black;">处理</span>了当一个进程中,某个正在执行的线程遇到阻塞,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>调度<span style="color: black;">另一</span>一个可运行的线程来跑,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>还是在同一个进程里,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>没有了进程切换。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">还有<span style="color: black;">另一</span>一种线程,他的调度<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>程序员自己写程序来管理的,对内核<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>不可见。这种线程叫做『用户空间线程』。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">协程<span style="color: black;">能够</span>理解<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一种用户空间线程。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">协程,有几个特点:</p>协同,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">是由于</span>程序员自己写的调度策略,其<span style="color: black;">经过</span>协作而不是抢占来进行切换在用户态完成创建,切换和销毁⚠️ 从编程<span style="color: black;">方向</span>上看,协程的思想本质上<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>流的主动让出(yield)和恢复(resume)机制迭代器经常用来实现协程<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">说到<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>,你应该明白协程的基本概念了吧?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">PHP实现协程</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">循序渐进</span>来,从解释概念说起!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">可迭代对象</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">PHP5<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了一种定义对象的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>使其<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>单元列表来遍历,例如用foreach语句。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">你<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>要实现一个可迭代对象,你就要实现Iterator接口:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><?php</span>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">class</span> <span style="color: black;">MyIterator</span> <span style="color: black;">implements</span> <span style="color: black;">Iterator</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">private</span> $var = <span style="color: black;">array</span>();
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">($array)</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">if</span> (is_array($array)) {
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->var = $array;
}
}<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">rewind</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"rewinding\n"</span>;
reset(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->var);
}
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">current</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
$var = current(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->var);
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"current: $var\n"</span>;
<span style="color: black;">return</span> $var;
}
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">key</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
$var = key(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->var);
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"key: $var\n"</span>;
<span style="color: black;">return</span>$var;
}<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">next</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
$var = next(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->var);
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"next: $var\n"</span>;
<span style="color: black;">return</span> $var;
}
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">valid</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
$var = <span style="color: black;">$this</span>->current() !==<span style="color: black;">false</span>;
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"valid: {$var}\n"</span>;
<span style="color: black;">return</span> $var;
}
}
$values = <span style="color: black;">array</span>(<span style="color: black;">1</span>,<span style="color: black;">2</span>,<span style="color: black;">3</span>);
$it = <span style="color: black;">new</span> MyIterator($values);
<span style="color: black;">foreach</span>($it as $a => $b) {<span style="color: black;">print</span> <span style="color: black;">"$a: $b\n"</span>;
}
</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">生成器</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span>说之前为了<span style="color: black;">持有</span>一个能够被foreach遍历的对象,你不得不去实现一堆的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,yield关键字<span style="color: black;">便是</span>为了简化这个过程。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">生成器<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了一种<span style="color: black;">更易</span>的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>来实现简单的对象迭代,相比较定义类实现Iterator接口的方式,性能开销和<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>性大大降低。</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><?php</span>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">xrange</span><span style="color: black;">($start, $end, $step = <span style="color: black;">1</span>)</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">for</span> ($i = $start; $i <= $end; $i += $step) {
<span style="color: black;">yield</span> $i;
}
}
<span style="color: black;">foreach</span> (xrange(<span style="color: black;">1</span>, <span style="color: black;">1000000</span>) <span style="color: black;">as</span> $num) {
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> $num, <span style="color: black;">"\n"</span>;
}
</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">记住,一个函数中<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>用了yield,他<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一个生成器,直接调用他是<span style="color: black;">无</span>用的,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>等同于一个函数那样去执行!</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>,yield<span style="color: black;">便是</span>yield,下次谁再说yield是协程,我肯定把你xxxx。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">PHP协程</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">前面介绍协程的时候说了,协程需要程序员自己去编写调度机制,下面<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>来看这个机制怎么写。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">0)生成器正确<span style="color: black;">运用</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">既然生成器<span style="color: black;">不可</span>像函数<span style="color: black;">同样</span>直接调用,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>怎么<span style="color: black;">才可</span>调用呢?</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">办法</span>如下:</p>foreach他send($value)current / next...<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1)Task实现</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Task<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一个任务的抽象,<span style="color: black;">刚才</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>说了协程<span style="color: black;">便是</span>用户空间协程,线程<span style="color: black;">能够</span>理解<span style="color: black;">便是</span>跑一个函数。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>Task的构造函数中<span style="color: black;">便是</span>接收一个闭包函数,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>命名为coroutine。</p><span style="color: black;">/**
* Task任务类
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">class</span> <span style="color: black;">Task</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">protected</span> $taskId;
<span style="color: black;">protected</span> $coroutine;
<span style="color: black;">protected</span>$beforeFirstYield =<span style="color: black;">true</span>;
<span style="color: black;">protected</span> $sendValue;
<span style="color: black;">/**
* Task constructor.
* <span style="color: black;">@param</span> $taskId
* <span style="color: black;">@param</span> Generator $coroutine
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">($taskId, Generator $coroutine)</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->taskId = $taskId;
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->coroutine = $coroutine;
}
<span style="color: black;">/**
* 获取当前的Task的ID
*
*<span style="color: black;">@return</span> mixed
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">getTaskId</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">return</span> <span style="color: black;">$this</span>->taskId;
}
<span style="color: black;">/**
* 判断Task执行完毕了<span style="color: black;">无</span>
*
* <span style="color: black;">@return</span>bool
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">isFinished</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">return</span> !<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->coroutine->valid();
}
<span style="color: black;">/**
* 设置下次要传给协程的值,<span style="color: black;">例如</span> $id = (yield $xxxx),这个值就给了$id了
*
*<span style="color: black;">@param</span> $value
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">setSendValue</span><span style="color: black;">($value)</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->sendValue = $value;
}
<span style="color: black;">/**
* 运行任务
*
*<span style="color: black;">@return</span> mixed
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">run</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">// <span style="color: black;">这儿</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>,生成器的<span style="color: black;">起始</span>会reset,<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>个值要用current获取</span>
<span style="color: black;">if</span> (<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->beforeFirstYield) {
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->beforeFirstYield = <span style="color: black;">false</span>;
<span style="color: black;">return</span> <span style="color: black;">$this</span>->coroutine->current();
} <span style="color: black;">else</span> {
<span style="color: black;">// <span style="color: black;">咱们</span>说过了,用send去调用一个生成器</span>
$retval = <span style="color: black;">$this</span>->coroutine->send(<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->sendValue);
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->sendValue = <span style="color: black;">null</span>;
<span style="color: black;">return</span>$retval;
}
}
}<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2)Scheduler实现</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">接下来<span style="color: black;">便是</span>Scheduler这个重点核心部分,他<span style="color: black;">装扮</span>着调度员的角色。</p><span style="color: black;">/**
* Class Scheduler
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">Class</span> <span style="color: black;">Scheduler</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">/**
* <span style="color: black;">@var</span>SplQueue
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">protected</span> $taskQueue;
<span style="color: black;">/**
* <span style="color: black;">@var</span> int
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">protected</span> $tid = <span style="color: black;">0</span>;
<span style="color: black;">/**
* Scheduler constructor.
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">/* 原理<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">守护</span>了一个队列,
* 前面说过,从编程<span style="color: black;">方向</span>上看,协程的思想本质上<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>流的主动让出(yield)和恢复(resume)机制
* */</span>
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->taskQueue = <span style="color: black;">new</span>SplQueue();
}<span style="color: black;">/**
* <span style="color: black;">增多</span>一个任务
*
* <span style="color: black;">@param</span> Generator $task
* <span style="color: black;">@return</span> int
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">addTask</span><span style="color: black;">(Generator $task)</span>
</span>{
$tid =<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->tid;
$task = <span style="color: black;">new</span> Task($tid, $task);
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->taskQueue->enqueue($task);
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->tid++;
<span style="color: black;">return</span> $tid;
}
<span style="color: black;">/**
* 把任务进入队列
*
*<span style="color: black;">@param</span> Task $task
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">schedule</span><span style="color: black;">(Task $task)</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->taskQueue->enqueue($task);
}
<span style="color: black;">/**
* 运行调度器
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">run</span><span style="color: black;">()</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">while</span> (!<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->taskQueue->isEmpty()) {
<span style="color: black;">// 任务出队</span>
$task = <span style="color: black;">$this</span>->taskQueue->dequeue();
$res = $task->run(); <span style="color: black;">// 运行任务直到 yield</span>
<span style="color: black;">if</span>(!$task->isFinished()) {<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->schedule($task); <span style="color: black;">// 任务<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>还没完全执行完毕,入队等下次执行</span>
}
}
}
}
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>基本就实现了一个协程调度器。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">你<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>下面的代码来测试:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><?php</span>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">task1</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">for</span>($i =<span style="color: black;">1</span>; $i <= <span style="color: black;">10</span>; ++$i) {
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"This is task 1 iteration $i.\n"</span>;
<span style="color: black;">yield</span>; <span style="color: black;">// 主动让出CPU的执行权</span>
}
}
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">task2</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">for</span> ($i = <span style="color: black;">1</span>; $i <= <span style="color: black;">5</span>; ++$i) {
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"This is task 2 iteration $i.\n"</span>;
<span style="color: black;">yield</span>; <span style="color: black;">// 主动让出CPU的执行权</span>
}
}
$scheduler = <span style="color: black;">new</span> Scheduler; <span style="color: black;">// 实例化一个调度器</span>
$scheduler->newTask(task1()); <span style="color: black;">// 添加<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的闭包函数<span style="color: black;">做为</span>任务</span>$scheduler->newTask(task2());
$scheduler->run();</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">关键说下在哪里能用得到PHP协程。</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">task1</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">/* <span style="color: black;">这儿</span>有一个远程任务,需要耗时10s,可能是一个远程<span style="color: black;">设备</span>抓取分析远程网址的任务,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>只要提交最后去远程<span style="color: black;">设备</span>拿结果就行了 */</span>remote_task_commit();<span style="color: black;">// <span style="color: black;">此时</span>候请求发出后,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>不要在<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>等,主动让出CPU的执行权给task2运行,他不依赖这个结果</span>
<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;
<span style="color: black;">yield</span> (remote_task_receive());
...
}
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">task2</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">for</span> ($i = <span style="color: black;">1</span>; $i <= <span style="color: black;">5</span>; ++$i) {<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"This is task 2 iteration $i.\n"</span>;
<span style="color: black;">yield</span>; <span style="color: black;">// 主动让出CPU的执行权</span>
}
}
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span>就<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了程序的执行效率。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">关于『系统调用』的实现,鸟哥<span style="color: black;">已然</span>讲得很明白,我<span style="color: black;">这儿</span><span style="color: black;">再也不</span>说明。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3)协程堆栈</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">鸟哥文中还有一个协程堆栈的例子。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>上面说过了,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>在函数中使用了yield,就<span style="color: black;">不可</span>当做函数<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>你在一个协程函数中嵌套<span style="color: black;">另一</span>一个协程函数:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><?php</span>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">echoTimes</span><span style="color: black;">($msg, $max)</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">for</span> ($i = <span style="color: black;">1</span>; $i <= $max; ++$i) {
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"$msg iteration $i\n"</span>;
<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;
}
}<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">task</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
echoTimes(<span style="color: black;">foo</span>, <span style="color: black;">10</span>); <span style="color: black;">// print foo ten times</span>
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"---\n"</span>;
echoTimes(<span style="color: black;">bar</span>, <span style="color: black;">5</span>); <span style="color: black;">// print bar five times</span>
<span style="color: black;">yield</span>; <span style="color: black;">// force it to be a coroutine</span>
}
$scheduler = <span style="color: black;">new</span> Scheduler;
$scheduler->newTask(task());
$scheduler->run();
</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这儿</span>的echoTimes是执行不了的!<span style="color: black;">因此</span>就需要协程堆栈。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不外</span><span style="color: black;">不碍事</span>,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>改一改<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">刚才</span>的代码。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">把Task中的初始化<span style="color: black;">办法</span>改下,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在运行一个Task的时候,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>要分析出他<span style="color: black;">包括</span>了<span style="color: black;">那些</span>子协程,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>将子协程用一个堆栈<span style="color: black;">保留</span>。(C语言学的好的<span style="color: black;">朋友</span>自然能理解<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>,<span style="color: black;">不睬</span>解的<span style="color: black;">朋友</span>我<span style="color: black;">意见</span>去<span style="color: black;">认识</span>下进程的内存模型是怎么处理函数调用)</p><span style="color: black;">/**
* Task constructor.
*<span style="color: black;">@param</span> $taskId
* <span style="color: black;">@param</span> Generator $coroutine
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">($taskId, Generator $coroutine)</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->taskId = $taskId;<span style="color: black;">// $this->coroutine = $coroutine;</span>
<span style="color: black;">// 换成这个,<span style="color: black;">实质</span>Task->run的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>stackedCoroutine这个函数,不是$coroutine<span style="color: black;">保留</span>的闭包函数了</span>
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->coroutine = stackedCoroutine($coroutine);
}<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当Task->run()的时候,一个循环来分析:</p><span style="color: black;">/**
* <span style="color: black;">@param</span> Generator $gen
*/</span>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">stackedCoroutine</span><span style="color: black;">(Generator $gen)</span>
</span>{
$stack = <span style="color: black;">new</span>SplStack;<span style="color: black;">// <span style="color: black;">持续</span>遍历这个传进来的生成器</span>
<span style="color: black;">for</span> (; ;) {
<span style="color: black;">// $gen<span style="color: black;">能够</span>理解为指向当前运行的协程闭包函数(生成器)</span>
$value = $gen->current(); <span style="color: black;">// 获取中断点,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>yield出来的值</span>
<span style="color: black;">if</span> ($value instanceof Generator) {
<span style="color: black;">// <span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是一个生成器,这<span style="color: black;">便是</span>子协程了,把当前运行的协程入栈<span style="color: black;">保留</span></span>
$stack->push($gen);
$gen = $value; <span style="color: black;">// 把子协程函数给gen,继续执行,<span style="color: black;">重视</span>接下来<span style="color: black;">便是</span>执行子协程的流程了</span>
<span style="color: black;">continue</span>;
}
<span style="color: black;">// <span style="color: black;">咱们</span>对子协程返回的结果做了封装,下面讲</span>$isReturnValue = $value instanceof CoroutineReturnValue;<span style="color: black;">// 子协程返回`$value`需要主协程帮忙处理 </span>
<span style="color: black;">if</span> (!$gen->valid() || $isReturnValue) {
<span style="color: black;">if</span> ($stack->isEmpty()) {
<span style="color: black;">return</span>;
}
<span style="color: black;">// <span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是gen<span style="color: black;">已然</span>执行完毕,<span style="color: black;">或</span>遇到子协程需要返回值给主协程去处理</span>
$gen = $stack->pop(); <span style="color: black;">//出栈,得到之前入栈<span style="color: black;">保留</span>的主协程</span>
$gen->send($isReturnValue ? $value->getValue() : <span style="color: black;">NULL</span>); <span style="color: black;">// 调用主协程处理子协程的输出值</span>
<span style="color: black;">continue</span>;
}
$gen->send(<span style="color: black;">yield</span> $gen->key() => $value); <span style="color: black;">// 继续执行子协程</span>
}
}
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而后</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>echoTime的结束标示:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">class</span> <span style="color: black;">CoroutineReturnValue</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">protected</span> $value;
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">($value)</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->value = $value;
}
<span style="color: black;">// 获取能把子协程的输出值给主协程,<span style="color: black;">做为</span>主协程的send参数</span>
<span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">getValue</span><span style="color: black;">()</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">return</span> <span style="color: black;">$this</span>->value;
}
}
<span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">retval</span><span style="color: black;">($value)</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">return</span> <span style="color: black;">new</span> CoroutineReturnValue($value);
}
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而后</span>修改echoTimes:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">echoTimes</span><span style="color: black;">($msg, $max)</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">for</span> ($i = <span style="color: black;">1</span>; $i <= $max; ++$i) {
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"$msg iteration $i\n"</span>;
<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;
}
<span style="color: black;">yield</span> retval(<span style="color: black;">""</span>); <span style="color: black;">// <span style="color: black;">增多</span>这个<span style="color: black;">做为</span>结束标示</span>
}
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Task变为:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">task1</span>()
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">yield</span> echoTimes(<span style="color: black;">bar</span>, <span style="color: black;">5</span>);
}
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span>就实现了一个协程堆栈,<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>你<span style="color: black;">能够</span>举一反三了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4)PHP7中yield from关键字</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">PHP7中<span style="color: black;">增多</span>了yield from,<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>不需要自己实现携程堆栈,真实太好了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">把Task的构造函数改回去:</p><span style="color: black;">public</span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">__construct</span><span style="color: black;">($taskId, Generator $coroutine)</span>
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->taskId = $taskId;
<span style="color: black;">$this</span>->coroutine = $coroutine;<span style="color: black;">// $this->coroutine = stackedCoroutine($coroutine); //不需要自己实现了,改回之前的</span>
}
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">echoTimes函数:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">echoTimes</span><span style="color: black;">($msg, $max)</span> </span>{
<span style="color: black;">for</span> ($i = <span style="color: black;">1</span>; $i <= $max; ++$i) {
<span style="color: black;">echo</span> <span style="color: black;">"$msg iteration $i\n"</span>;
<span style="color: black;">yield</span>;
}
}
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">task1生成器:</p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">task1</span>()
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">yield</span> <span style="color: black;">from</span> echoTimes(<span style="color: black;">bar</span>, <span style="color: black;">5</span>);
}
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/212520e9354d4caa9ede50a6055453d3~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1728304721&x-signature=ItDmniFJ5qwzELT7e3mPXuknoek%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">function</span> <span style="color: black;">task1</span>()
</span>{
<span style="color: black;">yield</span> <span style="color: black;">from</span> echoTimes(<span style="color: black;">bar</span>, <span style="color: black;">5</span>);
}
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这般</span>,<span style="color: black;">容易</span>调用子协程。</p>
说得好啊!我在外链论坛打滚这么多年,所谓阅人无数,就算没有见过猪走路,也总明白猪肉是啥味道的。
页:
[1]