多发性骨髓瘤的初期症状表现有哪些?
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.骨病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> 因骨痛是本病的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>首发症状,是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>骨质溶解、破坏<span style="color: black;">导致</span>,多为腰骶、胸骨、肋骨<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>。骨痛强度常与<span style="color: black;">疾患</span><span style="color: black;">发展</span>程度<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。骨痛<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>加剧<span style="color: black;">常常</span>提示<span style="color: black;">出现</span>了病理性骨折。<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">由于</span>骨痛而到骨科就诊,仅仅依据影响学误诊为骨质疏松、骨质增生、肌肉劳损、腰椎间盘<span style="color: black;">明显</span>、骨折、类风湿性关节炎<span style="color: black;">或</span>是骨转移瘤等<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.感染</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>表现为<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>道和泌尿系的反复感染,<span style="color: black;">也</span>可见真菌、病毒。而这些症状的<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">实质</span>是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>骨髓瘤细胞恶性增生,分泌<span style="color: black;">海量</span>单克隆免疫球蛋白,而正常免疫球蛋白分泌减少以及骨髓瘤侵润<span style="color: black;">引起</span>白细胞生成减少,体液免疫和细胞免疫均受到<span style="color: black;">控制</span>,<span style="color: black;">引起</span>机体免疫力降低<span style="color: black;">导致</span>。此时<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>仅诊断为某一系统的感染,给予抗感染治疗而不寻找感染的原因则容易漏诊。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.贫血、<span style="color: black;">流血</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">贫血、<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>是骨髓造血系统受到<span style="color: black;">控制</span>,使血细胞减少。临床上常表现为<span style="color: black;">头昏</span>、乏力、心慌、鼻<span style="color: black;">流血</span>、牙龈<span style="color: black;">流血</span>以及皮肤紫癜等,容易误诊为白血病、骨髓增生<span style="color: black;">反常</span>综合症、再生<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>性贫血</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.肾病</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">多发性骨髓瘤<span style="color: black;">导致</span>肾损害<span style="color: black;">重点</span>与<span style="color: black;">血液</span>中游离的免疫球蛋白轻链经肾小球滤过对肾小管的肾毒性<span style="color: black;">功效</span></p>
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