【临床应用】八珍汤临床应用及实验科研发展
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">黄茜 综述,祝彼得 审校(成都中医药大学 610000)</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">【关键词】八珍汤; 临床应用; 实验<span style="color: black;">科研</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 八珍汤<span style="color: black;">也</span>为八珍散,出自元代《瑞竹堂经验方》,全方由人<span style="color: black;">参30g、白术30g、白茯苓30g、当归30g、川芎30g、白芍药30g、熟地黄30g、炙甘草30g<span style="color: black;">构成</span>,因其皆乃补气补血药中<span style="color: black;">宝贵</span>之品,故名八珍。方中人参、熟地为君;当归、芍药、白术、茯苓为臣;川芎为佐;甘草为使。此八味益气补血,主治气血两虚<span style="color: black;">导致</span>头目眩<span style="color: black;">头昏</span>、倦怠乏力、少气懒言、心悸怔仲、食少纳呆等症,临床应用广泛。现将八珍汤在临床各科应用及其实验<span style="color: black;">科研</span>综述如下。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">八珍汤源流、发展及方药解析。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">八珍汤源流及发展</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">在现存古籍中,<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>名为“八珍汤”</span></span><span style="color: black;">的方剂<span style="color: black;">重点</span>有七首,但其<span style="color: black;">源自</span>、方药<span style="color: black;">构成</span>、功效主治、用法用量等均有所<span style="color: black;">区别</span>。最早“八珍汤”之名见于元代·沙图穆苏所著《瑞竹堂经验方》一书,全方由人参、白术、茯苓、当归、川芎、白芍、熟地、炙甘草八味以等量人药,原书中主治:“脐腹<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>,全不思食,脏腑怯弱,泄泻,小腹坚痛,时作寒热。”常用于治疗久病失治、病后失调或失血过多<span style="color: black;">导致</span>之气血两虚之证。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 之后,在元代·朱震亨所著《丹溪心法》卷四中,<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了以治疗虚损<span style="color: black;">导致</span>脾胃不和诸症的“八珍汤”,该方由当归、赤芍、川芎、熟地、人参、白茯苓、甘草、砂仁等分人药,较之前方,去白术、添砂仁,且煎煮时配生姜、大枣,侧重于治疗虚损之气血两</span><span style="color: black;">虚、脾胃不调之证。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">到了明代,大医家薛己在其著作《正体类要》中将此方(《瑞</span><span style="color: black;">竹堂经验方》中八珍汤)<span style="color: black;">药品</span>剂量略微<span style="color: black;">调节</span>后,常用于治疗外伤失血<span style="color: black;">太多</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>气血皆虚,正如书中记载“治伤损等症,失血<span style="color: black;">太多</span>,或因克伐血气,耗损恶寒、发热、烦躁等症。”《王旭高医术六种》更<span style="color: black;">知道</span>指出:“四物地芍与归芎,血家百病此方通。八珍合入四君子,气血双疗功独崇。”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">随后,“八珍汤”的临床应用范围<span style="color: black;">持续</span>扩大,明代·申斗垣所著《外科启玄》中记载,“八珍汤”常用于治疗痘症日久、气血</span><span style="color: black;">已亏之证,《医方集解》有言:“四君合四物名八珍,主治心肺虚损,气血两虚及胃损<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>不为肌肤。其注目:肺主气,心主血,四君补气,四物补血。血气充,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>肌肉长。”此时的“八珍汤”已去白术、白芍,加了砂仁、白芷,共凑理气活血、渗湿殓肌之效。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">清代·陈士铎《石室秘录》中<span style="color: black;">也</span>记载了“八珍汤”(当归3钱,白芍2钱,黄耆3钱。白术3钱,柴胡5分,熟地5钱,升麻5分,人参1钱,茯苓1钱,川芎1钱)主治气沉血滞而成的呕逆、蹙废之证;又有清代·怀远《医彻》卷四中记载的“八珍汤”经方药加减后<span style="color: black;">重点</span>用于养胎保胎及产后气血两虚四肢乏力的治疗;《青囊全集》中所记“八珍汤”则侧重于治疗“遍身伤,老人气弱气虚者”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 到了近、现代,八珍汤则<span style="color: black;">更加是</span>被广泛应用于内、外、妇、儿各</span><span style="color: black;">科。这些“八珍汤”的组方中,《瑞竹堂经验方》及《正体类要》中所载为后世医家临证加减之<span style="color: black;">基本</span>,且应用广泛,故沿用<span style="color: black;">迄今</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/aerCehQayCLOwAo4S08jfYvdOq89v1l02eibHkX9iaWde32RBDOfPicLWRDUAyLbicFmFMemIynUntZ5BOGPCTZMHA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">八珍汤方药解析</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">据《瑞竹堂方》记载,八珍汤全方由人</span><span style="color: black;">参、白术、白茯苓、当归、川芎、白芍药、熟地黄、炙甘草8味<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">构成</span>。功用:益气补血 主治:气血两虚证。证见面色无华,<span style="color: black;">头昏</span>目眩,少气懒言,四肢倦怠,心悸怔忡,食少神疲,舌淡苔薄白,脉细弱或虚大无力等。诸症皆因久病失治、病后失调或失血<span style="color: black;">太多</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>的气血两虚,病在心、肝、脾三脏,心主血、肝藏血,心肝血虚,故而<span style="color: black;">显现</span>面色无华或苍白,血不上荣则<span style="color: black;">头昏</span>目眩、心悸怔忡、舌淡脉细,而脾主运化,乃气血生化之源,脾气虚则面色萎黄、倦怠乏力、少气懒言、食少神疲、脉虚无力。治则应补</span><span style="color: black;">气、养血并重,健运脾气,以资生化。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">《医方考》言曰:“血气俱虚者,此方主之。人之身,气血<span style="color: black;">罢了</span>。气者百骸之父,血者百骸之母,不可使其失养者<span style="color: black;">亦</span>。是方<span style="color: black;">亦</span>,人参、白术、茯苓、甘草,甘温之品<span style="color: black;">亦</span>,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>补气;当归、川芎、芍药、地黄,质润之品<span style="color: black;">亦</span>,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>补血。气旺则百骸资之以生,血旺则百骸资之以养。形体既充,则百邪不入,故人乐有药饵焉。气血,人身之阴阳<span style="color: black;">亦</span>,两相得则治,一有失则病。故阴血虚损,则阳气独治,阳气亲上,故令头痛、眩晕。是方<span style="color: black;">亦</span>,当归、川芎、芍药、地黄,味厚养血之品<span style="color: black;">亦</span>。复用人参、白术、茯苓、甘草甘温之品以养气者,何哉?太极之妙,阴生于阳,故兼用此辈以益气耳。或问头痛而用人参,阳邪不益亢乎?余日:虚火可补,人参、黄芪之类,此之谓<span style="color: black;">亦</span>。”可见方中参、地益气补血,共凑君药之效;白术、茯苓健脾渗湿,以助人参益气补脾,当归、芍药养血和营,以助熟地滋阴补血,共行臣药之职;佐以川芎,使气行、令血活,助君臣之品补益气血,而不使气滞血凝;再使甘草调气和中,诸要相协。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">方中人参、熟地为君,人参性甘、微苦、微温,<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>大补元气、补脾益肺、生津、安神的功效。《本经》中记载:“补五脏,安精神,定魂魄,止惊悸,除邪气,明目,开心益智。”《用药法象》有言:“人参甘温,能补肺中元气;肺气旺则四脏之气皆旺,精自生而形自盛,肺主诸气故<span style="color: black;">亦</span>。”《本草经疏》曰:“人参能回阳气与垂绝,却虚邪于俄顷。其主治<span style="color: black;">亦</span>,则补五脏。盖脏虽有五,以言乎生气之流通则一<span style="color: black;">亦</span>,益真气,则五脏皆补矣。邪气之<span style="color: black;">因此</span>久留而不去者,无他,真气虚则<span style="color: black;">不可</span>敌,故留连而不解,兹得补而真气充实,则邪<span style="color: black;">不可</span>容。”熟地黄性甘,微温,能补血滋阴,益精填髓。是治疗血虚萎黄、眩晕、心悸失眠、<span style="color: black;">大姨妈</span>失调、崩漏等症之要药。《珍珠囊》认为熟地“主补血气,滋肾水,益真阴。”又有《本草纲目》记载:“填骨髓,长肌肉,生精血,补五脏内伤不足,通血脉,利耳目,黑须发。”故八珍汤中以人参、熟地共为君药,一益气一补血。气充则精血化生有源,气旺则精血能藏能固而不外溢;血足则气得以养,不致气随血脱。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 白术性甘、苦、温,善补气健脾,燥湿利水,又能止汗、安胎。《本经》中言:“主风寒湿痹死肌,痉,疸,止汗,除热,消食。”《本草汇言》又道:“⋯ ⋯ 散湿除痹⋯ ⋯ 脾虚不健,术能补之;胃虚不纳,术能助之。”茯苓性甘淡平,行利水渗湿、健脾安神之效.</span><span style="color: black;">“久服安魂、养神、不饥、延年。”《本草纲目》曰:“后人治心悸必</span><span style="color: black;">用茯神,⋯ ⋯ 然茯苓未尝不治心病<span style="color: black;">亦</span>。”方中当归,性甘温味辛,补血活血,调经止痛。乃治疗心肝血虚、眩晕心悸之补血要药,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是治疗血虚或兼血淤之<span style="color: black;">大姨妈</span>不调、痛经、闭经等妇科要药。《本经》记载:“主⋯ ⋯ 妇人漏下,绝子,诸恶疮疡、金疮。”《景岳全书·本草正》言:“当归,其味甘而重,故专能补血;其气轻而辛,故又能行血。补中有动,行中有补,诚血中之气药,<span style="color: black;">也</span>血中之圣药<span style="color: black;">亦</span>。”白芍性甘微寒,味苦微酸。能养血调经,平肝止痛,敛阴止汗。在治疗血虚之<span style="color: black;">大姨妈</span>不调或崩漏等证时常与当归、熟地同用。《本草备要》云:“补血,泻肝,益脾,敛肝阴,治血虚之腹痛。”《温病条辨》道:“去恶血,生新血,且能调血中之气<span style="color: black;">亦</span>。”此四味共为臣药,白术、茯苓健脾渗湿,以助人参益气补脾,当归、白芍养血和营,助熟地滋阴补血。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">川芎性温味辛,活血行气,祛风止痛。为治疗<span style="color: black;">大姨妈</span>不调、经闭、痛经、产后淤滞腹痛等妇科病症之要药,故<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>其为“血中气药”。《本经》中记载:“主⋯ ⋯妇人血闭无子。”《本草汇言》道:“⋯ ⋯ 下调经水,⋯ ⋯ 昧辛性阳,气善走窜而无阴凝黏滞之态,虽入血分,又能去一切风,调一切气。”以本药为佐,补血养阴之余,不致黏滞,使血随气行。甘草性甘味平,补中益气,缓急止痛,调和药性。《本草正》曰:“⋯ ⋯ 随气药人气,随血药入血,无往不可⋯ ⋯ ”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/aerCehQayCLOwAo4S08jfYvdOq89v1l0g0hQJ1bsgFNdc6GoVxfqG2BNVbVBTeQRrDyX8QvEs5cHgj3icHUj0Dg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">八珍汤的临床应用</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.1失血、贫血症中的应用 </span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">黄梓平等 用八珍汤、四物汤、</span><span style="color: black;">铁剂对照治疗缺铁性贫血<span style="color: black;">病人</span>68例,结果<span style="color: black;">显示</span>八珍汤治愈率、总有效率最高。卢俊玲和黄梓平;以缩宫素合八珍汤有效缩短了<span style="color: black;">药品</span>流产<span style="color: black;">流血</span>时间,并减少了阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>量。杨芳娥等以八珍汤治疗气血两虚之崩漏及经期延长<span style="color: black;">病人</span>一段时问后,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>气血亏虚症状均有好转,血红蛋白含量<span style="color: black;">提升</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.2 肿瘤治疗及肿瘤放化疗后不良反应<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>中的应用</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"> 肿瘤</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">病人</span>放、化疗后,骨髓造血功能常常受到<span style="color: black;">损害</span>,表现为白细胞、血小板减少等骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>现象,八珍汤被越来越多地应用于减少</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">病人</span>放化疗<span style="color: black;">导致</span>骨髓<span style="color: black;">损害</span>治疗中。张爱琴等对晚期肺癌患</span><span style="color: black;">者进行化疗联合中药八珍汤进行治疗,对照单独化疗组肝肾功能损害更小,胃肠道反应更轻,外周血中白细胞、血红蛋白、血小板下降更少,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>总体活动能力较单独化疗强。提示八珍汤有促进外周血象恢复,降低肝肾功能因化疗<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">损害</span>及胃肠道</span><span style="color: black;">反应等不良反应。胡小平以八珍汤加味治疗膀胱癌化疗后</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">显现</span>的四肢倦怠、<span style="color: black;">头昏</span>眼花、心悸怔忡、少气懒言等气血两虚症状,十剂,症状改善;又十剂,症状基本消失、红细胞、白细胞数均<span style="color: black;">提升</span>;再十剂,不适症状消失。徐阳等采用参芪扶正注射液联合八珍汤减轻化疗后不良反应77例,结果<span style="color: black;">表示</span>其在改善化疗<span style="color: black;">导致</span>骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>、胃肠道反应及口腔炎方面优于仅用常规化疔组。张跃强和蒋士卿以八珍汤加减防治化疗后骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span></span><span style="color: black;">135例,有效率达到89%。高峰<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">报告</span>了应用黄芪阿胶八珍</span><span style="color: black;">汤可有效减少NP<span style="color: black;">方法</span>化疗<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>率。近来,赵昕和张黎又<span style="color: black;">报告</span>了八珍汤加减能有效<span style="color: black;">加强</span>机体免疫功能,对肺癌化疗后白细胞减少有<span style="color: black;">控制</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>。可见八珍汤在肿瘤治疗及肿瘤放化疗后不良反应<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>中以得到广泛应用。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.3 创伤愈合中的应用 原旗 </span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"> 在骨折不愈合的110例治</span><span style="color: black;">疗中,辅以八珍汤加<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>消、活、补、通络功效的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>补益气血、强筋壮骨,收到很好的疗效。程宇星等在点式小切口术后结合八珍汤治疗单纯下肢静脉啦张,<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>其对术后<span style="color: black;">初期</span>疼</span><span style="color: black;">痛、肿胀,皮下淤斑、卯圆窝处皮下<span style="color: black;">流血</span>等症状的<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>较未用八</span><span style="color: black;">珍汤效果更佳,印证了八珍汤补气行气、养血活血之功效。张洪清等等<span style="color: black;">报告</span>了八珍汤加减治疗颅脑外伤后<span style="color: black;">综合症</span>90例,结果<span style="color: black;">表示</span>总有效率达91% ,头痛、<span style="color: black;">头昏</span>、心悸、耳鸣、失眠等</span><span style="color: black;">症状<span style="color: black;">显著</span>消退。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.4 心血管<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>中的应用</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">冯纯惠等 用八珍汤加味治疗<span style="color: black;">心率</span>失常36例,总有效率达96%。孙志欣和刘新桥对42例气虚血淤型冠心病、心绞痛<span style="color: black;">病人</span>予以八珍汤颗粒进行治疗,经一个疗程治疗后心绞痛症状疗效及心电图疗效均肯定。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2.5 其他应用</span></strong><span style="color: black;"> 杨芳娥和陈秀芸采用抗结核西药<span style="color: black;">协同</span>八珍汤及中药灌肠治疗结核性盆腔炎30例,有效率达100%.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">八珍汤<span style="color: black;">功效</span>机制的实验研究</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.1 对造血系统影响的<span style="color: black;">科研</span></span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.1.1 对骨髓细胞增殖及<span style="color: black;">关联</span>因子产生的影响</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"> 罗霞等</span><span style="color: black;">对比了八珍汤和鸡血藤对环磷酰胺(cY)<span style="color: black;">导致</span>小鼠骨髓造血<span style="color: black;">损害</span>恢复<span style="color: black;">情况</span>,提示八珍汤和鸡血藤都有可能促进CY所<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的骨髓及免疫系统<span style="color: black;">损害</span>的恢复。郭泽等<span style="color: black;">亦</span>用八珍汤对CY模型小鼠进行<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>八珍汤<span style="color: black;">不仅</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>受损小鼠骨髓细胞增殖能力,还能刺激脾细胞<span style="color: black;">要求</span>培养液(scM)、肺<span style="color: black;">要求</span>培养液(LCM)、腹腔巨噬细胞培养液,肌<span style="color: black;">要求</span>培养液(sMCM)中集落刺激因子(CSFs)的分泌,提示八珍汤对CY所<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>拮抗<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,能有效修复骨髓<span style="color: black;">损害</span>。<span style="color: black;">一样</span>,江南等<span style="color: black;">亦</span>得出了<span style="color: black;">类似</span>的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结论,<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>八珍汤可部分恢复CY<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的骨髓<span style="color: black;">损害</span>、促进小鼠骨髓细胞增殖及SCM、LCM 中CSFs的产生,并且还能<span style="color: black;">加强</span>粒~巨噬细胞集落形成单位(CFUGM)集落形成。祝红焰和谭允育<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,八珍汤可<span style="color: black;">加强</span>Co射线照射小鼠骨髓细胞增殖能力、腹腔巨噬细胞分泌白细胞介素一1(II ——1)、脾细胞分泌白细胞介素一2(II——2)、白细胞介素一3(IL——3)的能力,由此可见,八珍汤可<span style="color: black;">经过</span>刺激骨髓细胞增殖及<span style="color: black;">关联</span>因子分泌,调控骨髓造血及机体免疫。陈玉春等的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果<span style="color: black;">表示</span>,八珍汤能<span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>正常小鼠、大鼠血清促红细胞生成素(EPO)水平,促进正常及血虚大鼠SCM 中EPO样生长因子生成。近来,何维福等的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>,八珍汤能<span style="color: black;">显著</span>促进骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>小鼠外周血象恢复及骨髓有核细胞数的<span style="color: black;">增多</span>,<span style="color: black;">身体</span>用药<span style="color: black;">亦</span>能<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>三系造血祖细胞集落生成,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>还能促进受损小鼠骨髓细胞由GO/G1期进入s期、由s期向G2/M 期转化,提示八珍汤能有效拮抗放、化疗对小鼠<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的骨髓<span style="color: black;">损害</span>,为八珍汤“补气生血”功效的临床应用<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了依据。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.1.2 对骨髓细胞凋亡的影响 </span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"> 赵弋清等 <span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>,八珍</span><span style="color: black;">汤对骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>小鼠骨髓细胞和脾细胞凋亡在照射后6,12,18,24 h均有拮抗<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,在6、24 h时模型组分别<span style="color: black;">显现</span>两次凋亡峰,八珍汤组与之比较差异有统计学<span style="color: black;">道理</span>(P<0.01),说明八珍汤对照射小鼠骨髓细胞及脾细胞均有<span style="color: black;">守护</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>,可<span style="color: black;">控制</span>其凋亡。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>认为,Bax基因是一种重要的凋亡调节基因,Bax蛋白司以促进细胞凋亡,刘曾敏等的实验结果<span style="color: black;">显示</span>,八珍汤能<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">控制</span>骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>小鼠骨髓细胞中Bax的表达,提示八珍汤可<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">控制</span>促凋亡基因的表达,拮抗骨髓细胞凋亡,从而促进骨髓造血功能的恢复。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.1.3 对造血微环境的影响 </span></strong><span style="color: black;"> 聂金娜等的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>结果<span style="color: black;">表示</span>,</span><span style="color: black;">八珍汤对造血功能受损小鼠除能有效恢复其外周血象外,还能减少受损后<span style="color: black;">海量</span><span style="color: black;">增加</span>的脂肪组织,<span style="color: black;">提高</span>造血组织含量、骨髓巨核细胞数及血窦容量,从而改善受损小鼠的骨髓造血微环境。郭泽等在<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,八珍汤还能诱导CY<span style="color: black;">导致</span>骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>小鼠骨髓基质细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3.2 对免疫系统影响的<span style="color: black;">科研</span> </span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"> 刘春英等<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,加味八</span><span style="color: black;">珍汤对S180荷瘤小鼠的平均抑瘤率达45.9%,且能<span style="color: black;">显著</span>促进NK细胞活性、<span style="color: black;">加强</span>IL2分泌及腹腔巨噬细胞能力,提示八珍汤可能<span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>IL一2分泌促进NK细胞活性,<span style="color: black;">从而</span>NK 细胞及巨噬细胞对肿瘤细胞进行杀灭。刘晓霞等实验结果<span style="color: black;">显示</span>,八珍汤可使转化生长因子<span style="color: black;">控制</span>的人T淋巴细胞功能有所恢复,降低CD4 CD25 调节性T淋巴细胞比例、<span style="color: black;">加强</span>CD69、CD71表达,促进T淋巴细胞分泌干扰素.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/aerCehQayCLOwAo4S08jfYvdOq89v1l0b6sqPegXMrVf7CugtQN5bxNowzR7IQzcib0yEaftkLd0RISuer2DtRg/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">展 望</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 中医认为“损者益之,虚者补之”,八珍汤合四君子汤、四物</span><span style="color: black;">汤补气补血之长,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>多种<span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>的气血两虚之证,能起到扶正抑邪,补气养阴,滋养肝肾,健脾生血之效,故推崇为气血双补经典之方,临床常用于内、外、妇、产及老年病科。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">随着八珍汤<span style="color: black;">研究</span>工作的深入,其药效机理<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>被人们所认识,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是在对骨髓造血功能恢复及机体免疫功能<span style="color: black;">加强</span>等<span style="color: black;">科研</span>方面取得了可喜的<span style="color: black;">发展</span>,其中八珍汤对骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>小鼠、大鼠犬外周血象的恢复、骨髓有核细胞数的增殖、三系祖细胞集落产率的<span style="color: black;">加强</span>均有<span style="color: black;">知道</span>的促进<span style="color: black;">功效</span>,八珍汤对小鼠T、B淋巴细胞增殖,IL一1、IL一2、IL一3分泌的促进<span style="color: black;">也</span>有<span style="color: black;">报告</span>。但<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">科研</span>缺乏系统性,多停留在细胞水平,横向广度及纵向深度不够。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>设想紧密结合八珍汤的临床应用,采用现代科学技术手段多学科、多层次的从整体、组织、细胞、蛋白、分子等水平进行系统而全面的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,这能为八珍汤的临床应用,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>剂型改革、新药<span style="color: black;">研发</span>等方面<span style="color: black;">供给</span>有利的理论依据。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">另外</span>,自从我国食品<span style="color: black;">药物</span>监督管理局正式颁布《中药配方</span><span style="color: black;">颗粒管理暂行规定》及《中药配方颗粒质量标准<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的技术<span style="color: black;">需求</span>》<span style="color: black;">败兴</span>,中药配方颗粒渐渐被<span style="color: black;">病人</span>所<span style="color: black;">喜爱</span>。传统熬药煎服的方<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>难于满足<span style="color: black;">病人</span>快节奏的<span style="color: black;">平常</span>生活方式,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是<span style="color: black;">青年</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>,熬药的耗时耗神渐渐令传统医学将部分<span style="color: black;">病人</span>“拒之门外”。</span><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">日前</span>虽然许多医院、药店<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了代<span style="color: black;">病人</span>熬药的服务,但<span style="color: black;">一样</span>这</span><span style="color: black;">种中药制剂<span style="color: black;">不方便</span>于携带和<span style="color: black;">保留</span>。此时,中药配方颗粒就<span style="color: black;">表现</span>出了其体积小、重量轻、贮藏携带方便、<span style="color: black;">吃下</span>简单、<span style="color: black;">很难</span>污染,质量相对稳定等特有的<span style="color: black;">优良</span>,这无疑给<span style="color: black;">病人</span>带来了<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的<span style="color: black;">方便</span>。但传统中药汤剂与中药配方颗粒在药效上<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>存在差异?单味中药有效<span style="color: black;">成份</span>提取后组方与整方有效<span style="color: black;">成份</span>提取之间,即“单煎”与“合煎”在药效上<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>存在差异?都需要进一步深入<span style="color: black;">科研</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本文源自检验医学与临床2011年10月第8卷第19期</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 黄梓平,张泽瑜,王钦和.八珍汤与四物汤治疗缺铁性贫</span><span style="color: black;">血疗效比较.中医<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,2004,17(2):24—26.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 卢俊玲,黄梓平.缩宫素联合八珍汤治疗药流<span style="color: black;">流血</span>时间延</span><span style="color: black;">长的疗效观察.实用临床医学,2006,7(6):99—100.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 杨芳娥,乔秋飞,官亚萍.探析八珍汤在妇产科的临床应</span><span style="color: black;">用.四川中医,2008,26(2):73 74.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 张爱琴,孙在典,包素珍.八珍汤加减防治晚期肺癌化疗</span><span style="color: black;">毒副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>36例临床观察.新中医,2005,37(9):18—19.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 胡晓平.中医药治疗肿瘤化疗后不良反应.湖北中医</span><span style="color: black;">杂志,2010,32(3):57—58.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 徐阳,于淑珍,邵丽华.参芪扶正注射液联合八珍汤减轻</span><span style="color: black;">化疗副反应临床观察.丹东医药,2008,3:43—44.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 张跃强,蒋士卿.八珍汤加减防治化疗后骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>135例</span><span style="color: black;">.河南中医,2007,27(7):66—67.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 高峰.黄芪阿胶八珍汤减轻NP<span style="color: black;">方法</span>化疗骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>的体</span><span style="color: black;">· 2379 ·</span><span style="color: black;">会.现代中西医结合杂志,2008,17(17):2656—2657.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 赵听,张黎.八珍汤加减对肺癌化疗后白细胞影响的疗效</span><span style="color: black;">观察.实用中医内科杂志,2010,24(6):90—91.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">原旗.中西医结合治疗骨折不愈合110例.辽宁中医</span><span style="color: black;">杂志,2005,32(6)575.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">程宇星,文春娅,吴盘红,等.小切口结合八珍汤治疗单纯</span><span style="color: black;">下肢静脉曲张经验体会.中国中西医结合外科杂志,</span><span style="color: black;">2009</span><span style="color: black;">,15(5):505—506.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">张洪清,左明晏,孟德玉.八珍汤治疗颅脑外伤后<span style="color: black;">综合症</span></span><span style="color: black;">90</span><span style="color: black;">例.光明中2010,25(6):1011.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">冯纯惠,李忠礼,刘德芬,等.八珍汤加味<span style="color: black;">协同</span>西药治疗心</span><span style="color: black;">律失常36例.陕西中医,2004,25(7):593—594.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">孙志欣,刘新桥.八珍汤颗粒治疗气虚血瘀型冠心病心绞</span><span style="color: black;">痛42例[.I].中西医结合心脑血管病杂志,2007,5、</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">~杨芳娥,陈秀芳.抗结核要配八珍汤及中药灌肠治疗结核</span><span style="color: black;">性盆腔炎30例.陕西中医,2007,28(11):1471—1472.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">罗霞,陈东辉,余梦瑶,等.八珍汤和鸡血藤对环磷酰胺所</span><span style="color: black;">致小鼠骨髓造血微环境<span style="color: black;">损害</span>的影响.四川大学学报,</span><span style="color: black;">2006,43(2):441-444.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">郭泽,罗霞,陈东辉,等.八珍汤对血虚模型小鼠造血调控</span><span style="color: black;">因子影响的实验<span style="color: black;">科研</span>.生物医学工程学杂志,2004,21</span><span style="color: black;">(5)</span><span style="color: black;">:727—731.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">江南,罗霞,陈东辉,等.八珍汤对环磷酰胺<span style="color: black;">导致</span>低白模型</span><span style="color: black;">小鼠造血系统的影响中国免疫学杂志,2003,19(4):</span><span style="color: black;">614</span><span style="color: black;">—615.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">祝红焰,谭允育.八珍汤对 。Co照射小鼠骨髓细胞及<span style="color: black;">关联</span></span><span style="color: black;">细胞因子影响的实验<span style="color: black;">科研</span>.中国免疫学杂志,2000,16</span><span style="color: black;">(2)</span><span style="color: black;">:81-83.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">陈玉春,王碧英,高依卿.八珍汤对红细胞生成素影响的</span><span style="color: black;">动物实验<span style="color: black;">科研</span>.上海中医药杂志,2000,4(4):45—46.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">何维福,许勇,刘曾敏.八珍汤对骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>小鼠血<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的</span><span style="color: black;">影响.中华实用中西医杂志,2009,18(22):1434—1437.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">赵弋清,罗霞,陈东辉,等.八珍汤对 。Co照射小鼠骨髓细</span><span style="color: black;">胞及脾细胞凋亡<span style="color: black;">科研</span>.中国中药杂志,2004,29(12):</span><span style="color: black;">1165</span><span style="color: black;">一l167.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">刘曾敏,毕京峰,许勇.八珍汤对骨髓<span style="color: black;">控制</span>小鼠骨髓细胞</span><span style="color: black;">BaxmRNA</span><span style="color: black;">的影响.江西中医学院学报,2007,19(6):</span><span style="color: black;">67</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">聂金娜,蔡万德,王迪.八珍汤及其所含方剂对血虚小鼠</span><span style="color: black;">造血功能的影响.长春中医药大学学报,2007,23(2):</span><span style="color: black;">17</span><span style="color: black;">—18.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">刘春英,董明,李淑玲,等.加为八珍汤对$180荷瘤小鼠</span><span style="color: black;">的免疫抑瘤<span style="color: black;">功效</span>.中国中医药信息杂志,2003,10(7):</span><span style="color: black;">30 31</span><span style="color: black;">.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">刘晓霞,陈剑华,陈育民,等.八珍汤对TGF-~ <span style="color: black;">控制</span>的T</span><span style="color: black;">淋巴细胞增殖及其活化影响.细胞与分子免疫学杂</span><span style="color: black;">志,2009,25(11):1053-1055.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">刘晓霞,刘红珍,霍忠超,等.中药八珍汤对TGF一8 <span style="color: black;">控制</span></span><span style="color: black;">下人T淋巴细胞功能恢复的<span style="color: black;">科研</span>.现代中西医结合杂</span><span style="color: black;">志,2010,19(9):1046—1048.</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/aerCehQayCLOwAo4S08jfYvdOq89v1l0TkqxU32lxibZ68PcicZnwpVcWgxtPv7dYMiboibZlwfRfM8BBqvKjOG1XQ/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/aerCehQayCLOwAo4S08jfYvdOq89v1l0pLFeEYd6ibbbc3Ts98RQetcMoTndWsMDgTiboacPH4fL6YyibvurAiaDYQ/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/aerCehQayCLOwAo4S08jfYvdOq89v1l0RZdmYXELTefVcQRP1QMCPhhwvicrFDx8BeIjxVZ7NupVpTZVRwbgfvg/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/aerCehQayCLOwAo4S08jfYvdOq89v1l0VFSD5nE6rSotYGYETqIu1uJiaqB7mPfPKJ2kQAXObx45sqYQ7Mm4DZw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
我深感你的理解与共鸣,愿对话长流。
页:
[1]