Android(安卓)到底有多开源?
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/443b297a6cea4c46ac0b7e89eeed23ce~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1728809368&x-signature=vnzmDLfRzdJtn%2FSypWgIlWuKO68%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">自从<span style="color: black;">她们</span>发布<span style="color: black;">第1</span>个 Android 版本<span style="color: black;">败兴</span>,Google 已将许多重要功能转移到其专有的 Google Play 服务中。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>Android手机上安装的谷歌Android版本<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为开源。像 microG <span style="color: black;">这般</span>的替代服务试图<span style="color: black;">处理</span>这个问题。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当人们比较两个占主导地位的移动操作系统</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">iOS</span></strong><span style="color: black;">和</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Android</span></strong><span style="color: black;">时,<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">一般</span>指出后者的开源性质及其为用户<span style="color: black;">供给</span>的自由是优于前者的<span style="color: black;">优良</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">的确,Android 设备比 iPhone 更易于定制,但这<span style="color: black;">重点</span>与苹果和谷歌在<span style="color: black;">研发</span>操作系统时采用的<span style="color: black;">区别</span>设计理念<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。与台式电脑的 macOS <span style="color: black;">同样</span>,Apple 牺牲了自定义选项,以使 iOS 尽可能简单易用。<span style="color: black;">亦</span>许这个决定对 iPhone 的巨大成功至关重要。</span></p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/726645ff6f0b43f3820cdb01d89ae4a7~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1728809368&x-signature=KFrVpwy18DauTQmL0v9ZWLpu1ZE%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">照片</span>源自 Android Authority</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">谷歌<span style="color: black;">选取</span>了一条完全<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的道路。<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>强迫手机制造商<span style="color: black;">运用</span>一个集中<span style="color: black;">守护</span>的 Android 版本,而是<span style="color: black;">准许</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>创建自己的操作系统版本,并添加和删除<span style="color: black;">她们</span>认为合适的功能。这不仅<span style="color: black;">引起</span>许多 Android 手机上的软件泛滥被英国<span style="color: black;">媒介</span>报道,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>更有意思的是,华为在被禁止继续与谷歌合作后,能够基于</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Android 开源项目 (AOSP ) <span style="color: black;">研发</span>自己的移动操作系统)</span></strong><span style="color: black;">。</span></p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e358c9aee63e4da7ae475eb745a7ba05~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1728809368&x-signature=STBU0LwJZrgFbnY7dQ2cefZON6U%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">照片</span>源自 CNX Software</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">AOSP 源代码仍然可<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>费<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>,但它只占当今移动操作系统的一小部分。要<span style="color: black;">认识</span>其中的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>必须<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span> Android 在 2007 年<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上是<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">起始</span>的。</span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">Android开源项目的诞生</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当 iPhone 发布时,Google 遇到了一个问题:在<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">重点</span>竞争的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span> Apple 垄断了智能手机<span style="color: black;">行业</span><span style="color: black;">而后</span>决定放弃 Google <span style="color: black;">做为</span>其首选搜索引擎会<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span>?这对其向<span style="color: black;">宣传</span>商出售数据的<span style="color: black;">商场</span>模式<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着什么?</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">谷歌<span style="color: black;">想要</span><span style="color: black;">早点</span>进入智能手机竞赛就必须<span style="color: black;">快速</span>采取行动,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>出于绝望,它<span style="color: black;">拜托</span><span style="color: black;">近期</span>收购的</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Android <span style="color: black;">机构</span></span></strong><span style="color: black;">的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员<span style="color: black;">研发</span>基于 Linux 内核的开源移动操作系统,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>time为<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">开放手机联盟</span></strong><span style="color: black;">招募了几家大<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,<span style="color: black;">包含</span> HTC、摩托罗拉、索尼和三星,Android 操作系统将<span style="color: black;">作为</span>其旗舰软件。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">该计划奏效后,随着 Android <span style="color: black;">火速</span>在大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>硬件制造商的移动设备上运行,它在市场份额上超过了 Apple 的 iOS。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">但<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>谷歌遇到了新问题:Android 是开源的,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>理论上任何人都<span style="color: black;">能够</span>分叉该项目,创建自己的操作系统版本,并有机会变得比谷歌更成功。这<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">为何</span>在移动市场<span style="color: black;">得到</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>吸引力后,谷歌改变了策略,继续将闭源软件重新引入 Android 生态系统:<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>间,标准 AOSP 应用程序的改进版本<span style="color: black;">得到</span>了谷歌品牌,<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>开放-资源。这<span style="color: black;">包含</span>日历、相机<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>键盘。</span></p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5a2b007b5dd046338caa278dfc8a073f~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1728809368&x-signature=TLKHcRsyuPA%2FZZKuRGuNdSfDois%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">尽管<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>有<span style="color: black;">海量</span>可用的专有 Google 应用程序可供<span style="color: black;">选取</span>,但这并不预示着开放式 Android 生态系统的终结。然而,谷歌更进一步,以<span style="color: black;">保证</span>大<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员不得不以某种方式依赖其服务。</span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">Google Play 服务</h1>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bd98a009e31e4d3b9c360c2706578127~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1728809368&x-signature=1q7%2BsGBdMj9G1Cp1Z0dlHafcSC8%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">照片</span>源自 The Verge</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">最初的想法是崇高的:<span style="color: black;">因为</span>手机制造商<span style="color: black;">运用</span>许多<span style="color: black;">区别</span>的 Android 迭代,谷歌<span style="color: black;">没法</span>轻易地将操作系统更新推送到所有设备。相反,制造商<span style="color: black;">首要</span>必须让它们适应自己的 Android 版本,这可能需要很<span style="color: black;">长期</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">为<span style="color: black;">认识</span>决这个问题,谷歌推出了</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Play Services</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,以其应用程序 Play Store 命名,<span style="color: black;">经过</span>它<span style="color: black;">能够</span>推送更新。随着时间的推移,越来越多的功能<span style="color: black;">作为</span>这个包的一部分,为<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员<span style="color: black;">供给</span>了<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>适用于所有设备的 API 的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,<span style="color: black;">同期</span>有利于 Google 的<span style="color: black;">商场</span>模式:想在您的应用程序中<span style="color: black;">供给</span>应用程序内购买吗?为此,您将不得不<span style="color: black;">运用</span> Google 的 API,该<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>从中抽取费用。想查看用户的位置?谷歌会为你做这件事,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会将这些数据用于自己的目的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">迁移到</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Play Services</span></strong><span style="color: black;">的最重要的功能是能够<span style="color: black;">容易</span>发送和接收<span style="color: black;">信息</span>以及推送<span style="color: black;">通告</span>。能够向用户发送<span style="color: black;">通告</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>许多应用程序的运行至关重要,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>这是 Android <span style="color: black;">将来</span>开放性棺材上的最后一颗钉子。<span style="color: black;">运用</span>替代<span style="color: black;">办法</span>的应用程序很少见,但<span style="color: black;">相关</span>电子邮件<span style="color: black;">供给</span>商为其移动应用程序,实施了自己的<span style="color: black;">处理</span><span style="color: black;">方法</span>。</span></p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cc7e63335de648e086f07c438274f25b~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1728809368&x-signature=ZPzdXdgHWwRAj0z4yx4bDmC9Rjg%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">Google Play 服务的替代品</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">已然</span>有<span style="color: black;">商场</span>和非<span style="color: black;">商场</span>尝试放弃对谷歌服务的依赖。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">亚马逊在基于 AOSP <span style="color: black;">研发</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">Fire OS</span></strong><span style="color: black;">时,还创建了自己的应用商店、地图 API 和推送<span style="color: black;">通告</span>服务,在很大程度上独立于谷歌。然而,想要在<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的亚马逊设备上<span style="color: black;">运用</span>谷歌应用程序的用户<span style="color: black;">一般</span>需要跳过技术<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>让它们正常运行。</span></p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b695d5e0c5bb49bba818d7be9659a4b9~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1728809368&x-signature=adLxfAK%2Bkf3MtGIcA77gvSGr8Xc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">照片</span>源自 Amazon</p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在开源方面,</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">microG</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">供给</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">签名<span style="color: black;">诈骗</span></span></strong>伪装成 Google Play 服务的 API<span style="color: black;">。它<span style="color: black;">已然</span>被<span style="color: black;">有些</span>替代的 Android 操作系统<span style="color: black;">运用</span>,例如/e/OS和CalyxOS,但需要<span style="color: black;">拜访</span>系统级进程,这对某些人<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>太不安全了。其中<span style="color: black;">包含</span>GrapheneOS的<span style="color: black;">研发</span>人员,<span style="color: black;">她们</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span></span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">了 Google Play 服务的沙盒版本</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,将其权限降低到任何常规应用程序的权限。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">所有这些替代<span style="color: black;">方法</span>都有其缺点:Amazon 的 Fire OS 和 microG 都<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span>与所有 Android 应用程序的完全兼容性,而 GrapheneOS 的沙盒<span style="color: black;">办法</span>需要<span style="color: black;">有些</span>技术知识<span style="color: black;">才可</span>保持<span style="color: black;">安稳</span>运行。尽管如此,旨在让智能手机更加开放的新项目<span style="color: black;">始终</span>在涌现,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>可能会在<span style="color: black;">将来</span>几年看到许多<span style="color: black;">处理</span>这个问题的新<span style="color: black;">办法</span>。</span></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">结论</h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">Android,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>它在当今大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>智能手机上运行,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>再<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为开源操作系统,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>许多应用程序都依赖谷歌的专有软件<span style="color: black;">才可</span>正常运行。然而,开源的是 Android 开源项目,这<span style="color: black;">寓意</span>着有些设备运行的是开源版本的 Android。可悲的是,这些只占所有 Android 手机的一小部分。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>您仍然<span style="color: black;">保持</span>真正免费和开源的移动操作系统,您可能会对</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">运行 Linux 的智能手机</span></strong><span style="color: black;">感兴趣,例如PinePhone。诸如此类将Ubuntu等流行发行版带入小屏幕的项目仍<span style="color: black;">处在</span><span style="color: black;">研发</span>初期,<span style="color: black;">况且</span>远非适合初学者安装,但永远不要低估 Linux 社区推动免费软件<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的能力,即使在移动设备上<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是如此。</span></p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f68799a3aee0418e8c1a9f43a9351bc3~noop.image?_iz=58558&from=article.pc_detail&lk3s=953192f4&x-expires=1728809368&x-signature=KWOoi7qtotQ8z4tlxcOwk8TEPSQ%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><a style="color: black;">#安卓#</a> <a style="color: black;">#手机#</a> <a style="color: black;">#ios#</a> <a style="color: black;">#苹果#</a></p>
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