手术被西医叫做“癌症根治术”真的能根治吗？手术恢复期的中医药护理
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">手术——被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“根治术”真的能根治吗？</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">李女士在3月份查出肺结节，<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>随诊，在<span style="color: black;">一月</span>后复诊<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>结节有所增长。李女士听从<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>手术治疗。其他结节并<span style="color: black;">不可</span>切除。令人没想到的是，术后<span style="color: black;">因为</span>抵抗力下降，肺部又被查出多发小结节。且病理报告<span style="color: black;">表示</span>肺癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>，但<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>再次手术。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span>李女士的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>看出手术其实有<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>局限性</strong>。<span style="color: black;">茫然</span>的手术并<span style="color: black;">不可</span>“一切了之”反而会给后续治疗带来不可估量的影响。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">所说</span>肿瘤根治术，<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>在切除肿块<span style="color: black;">同期</span>，又扩大了切除范围，将肿块<span style="color: black;">周边</span>的可疑组织和淋巴结<span style="color: black;">亦</span>一并进行了清除，以期望达到“根治”目的的治疗方式。但它并不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>能根治肿瘤，这只是一种望文生义的误解，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>许将其<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为“肿瘤扩大切除术”更合适，或是肿瘤减瘤术。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q4.itc.cn/images01/20240514/a8bb8ef5de734fe29f34d48d363c7879.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其<span style="color: black;">优良</span>是:能根除大部分癌症病灶，部分得到根治。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">手术——全身性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的局部治疗</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">随着对肿瘤现代<span style="color: black;">科研</span>的加深，人们<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>认识到:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">恶性肿瘤<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上是一种全身性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，肿块只是肿瘤在身体局部的表现，切除了肿块并<span style="color: black;">不可</span>消除癌症病源，<span style="color: black;">不可</span>改变<span style="color: black;">病人</span>癌症易患体质肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>根治术后三年内，超过了<strong style="color: blue;">80%的复发转移率</strong><span style="color: black;">便是</span>明证。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有的肿瘤转移灶的肿瘤细胞数<span style="color: black;">少于</span>10“单位，<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>之为“亚临床转移”。此时，外科手术<span style="color: black;">包含</span>根治性手术，对这种肉眼不可见的<strong style="color: blue;">微小转移病灶毫<span style="color: black;">没</span>办法</strong>。一旦<span style="color: black;">前提</span>许可，这种微小的亚临床病灶，就会形成星火燎原之势。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q3.itc.cn/images01/20240514/547c28fb245b4adc87888fa2cbcca944.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">大面积切除<span style="color: black;">导致</span>功能丧失</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有些<span style="color: black;">病人</span>反而因其<strong style="color: blue;">切除的机体组织较多</strong>，对人体<span style="color: black;">损害</span>更大，而<span style="color: black;">导致</span>术后生活质量<span style="color: black;">显著</span>下降。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">最典型的案例便是<strong style="color: blue;">胃癌切除手术</strong>，北京好中医的中医肿瘤专家不止一次的讲解过，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>胃部大面积切除<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">摄食</span>困难，术后恢复期<span style="color: black;">常常</span>长达几个月<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>1~2年。术后五年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率<span style="color: black;">亦</span>很<span style="color: black;">不睬</span>想。终其<span style="color: black;">原由</span>便是胃部切除后，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>失去了<span style="color: black;">靠谱</span>的营养<span style="color: black;">源自</span>，<strong style="color: blue;">免疫力下降</strong>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">复发转移的概率便会<strong style="color: blue;">成倍<span style="color: black;">增多</span></strong>。<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">存活</span>质量低下</strong>，<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>产生了严重的抑郁、焦虑等<span style="color: black;">心情</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q5.itc.cn/images01/20240514/1c66c4b9e4fd484fa77481d191469a97.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">手术切除只针对少部分<span style="color: black;">病人</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">手术切除<span style="color: black;">重点</span>针对早中期<span style="color: black;">没</span>远端转移的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，但癌症被<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>者80%<span style="color: black;">已然</span>为晚期，<span style="color: black;">初期</span>只占5%，适应根治术的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>不多，何况许多<span style="color: black;">病人</span>存在小小潜在转移灶，手术<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">处理</span>，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>手术降低了<span style="color: black;">病人</span>免疫力，还有加快转移的可能。手术根治接触虽然还是癌症临床治愈的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>手段，<span style="color: black;">最后</span>会被更好的治疗技术取代。而<span style="color: black;">这里</span>之前，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>尝试用中医<strong style="color: blue;">协同治疗</strong>的<span style="color: black;">办法</span>弥补手术治疗癌症中的<strong style="color: blue;">缺陷与不足</strong>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">消极等待不如积极治疗</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">从中医的<span style="color: black;">方向</span>讲：手术耗气伤血，手术后表现为气血双亏、气阴两伤、营卫失和、脾胃失调等证，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>产生了手术后并发症，则可能<span style="color: black;">显现</span>更为<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的症候</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">此时</span>，消极地等待<span style="color: black;">病人</span>自然恢复和积极地采取<span style="color: black;">有些</span>促使组织修复、<span style="color: black;">调节</span>机体功能的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，将给<span style="color: black;">病人</span>带来不同的后果。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经过</span><span style="color: black;">海量</span>实践体会到，肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>在手术后积极地<span style="color: black;">协同</span>中医治疗，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>机体的<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>，并为手术后进行必要的放疗、化疗做好<span style="color: black;">前提</span>上的准备是<span style="color: black;">特别有</span>益的。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="//q9.itc.cn/images01/20240514/7ba2d20596f94501828d49722ef1569b.png" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在手术后，只要能<span style="color: black;">摄食</span><span style="color: black;">就可</span>中药<span style="color: black;">护理</span>。<span style="color: black;">按照</span>不同<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>手术后的中药治疗，大部分<span style="color: black;">能够</span>从这两方面入手：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1、调理脾胃</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">✦</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">✦</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">✦</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>经手术之后，<span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">麻木</span>、<span style="color: black;">流血</span>及手术创伤以下几种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>。<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是消化道手术<span style="color: black;">必须</span>进行禁食及胃肠减压等使胃肠产生功能<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>，表为食欲差、腹胀气、大便秘结等，<span style="color: black;">此时</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">首要</span><span style="color: black;">护理</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的脾胃功能。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">单纯表现为脾气虚亏、脾胃不和</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span>六君子汤(党参、白术、云茯苓陈皮、半夏、甘草)加减，佐以理气之品，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>能增强食欲、精神和体力;</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>手术后腹胀<span style="color: black;">显著</span>，便秘数日不解，口干，舌苔黄厚而干，就应予以理气化滞、通腑泄热之类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>(承气汤类方)，常能一举而显效。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>手术后体虚<span style="color: black;">显著</span>，则应予以补气养血、醒脾助消化的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>，如人参、黄芪、党参、甘草、当归、丹参、麦稻芽、山楂、鸡内金、云茯苓、陈皮等。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">2、益气固表</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">✦</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">✦</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">✦</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">手术后绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>都会<span style="color: black;">因为</span>营卫失调而有出虚汗动则汗出等表虚不固的表现，治疗以益气固表为主。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">汗为心之液，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>出汗<span style="color: black;">太多</span>心气<span style="color: black;">也</span>虚，治疗还要兼以益气敛汗之品，</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">方药常用玉屏风散(生黄芪、防风、白术)加太子参、五味子、杭白芍、浮小麦、煅龙骨、牡蛎、麦冬、山楂等，服药数日后均可汗出减少，食欲<span style="color: black;">增多</span>，体质<span style="color: black;">显著</span>恢复。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">3、养阴生津</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">✦</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">✦</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">✦</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>在手术后<span style="color: black;">显现</span>胃阴大伤，津液亏乏，致使口千舌燥，舌光红<span style="color: black;">没</span>苔，大便干，食欲极差，伴有恶心等，这在胃肠道手术后，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是有瘘管形成、<span style="color: black;">海量</span>消化液丢失时多见，<span style="color: black;">此时</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span>予以<span style="color: black;">海量</span>养阴生津中药以补阴液，<span style="color: black;">才可</span>转逆为安。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">注：如术后身体<span style="color: black;">连续</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>恢复，或并发症的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，请<span style="color: black;">即时</span>咨询<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>进一步治疗，<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>延误病情，给癌症复发转移制造可乘之机！</p>
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