f9yx0du 发表于 2024-11-3 14:22:07

关于锂离子电池,你所不晓得的有些事儿

<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">Goodenough老先生</strong>在陪跑了<span style="color: black;">数年</span>诺奖之后,<span style="color: black;">最终</span>在今年<span style="color: black;">得到</span>了诺贝尔化学奖(然而诺贝尔文学奖村上春树今年继续陪跑,心疼他一秒)。关于锂离子电池<span style="color: black;">为何</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>得诺奖,<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span><strong style="color: blue;">诺贝尔化学奖评选委员会</strong>的官方<span style="color: black;">诠释</span>——<span style="color: black;">她们</span>研制出了世界上最强的电池(<span style="color: black;">安心</span>,<span style="color: black;">已然</span>贴心地翻译成中文了)。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">村上春树</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Goodenough老先生得诺奖的呼声<span style="color: black;">始终</span>很大,今年<strong style="color: blue;">美国化学会</strong>(ACS)邀请化学家们进行了一场网络直播,预测今年的诺贝尔化学奖,<strong style="color: blue;">锂离子电池</strong>和<strong style="color: blue;">CRISPR</strong>(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat)得票最高<strong style="color: blue;"></strong>(<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">博主</span><span style="color: black;">这里</span>奶一口CRISPR,没准明年就得奖了呢)。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">CRISPR的可能机制示意图 | <span style="color: black;">源自</span>:Wikipedia</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">锂离子电池得诺奖确实是众望所归。锂离子电池<span style="color: black;">此刻</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span>深入到了生活中的方方面面,它让电子设备更加轻量、续航更加持久,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>你<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>能用手机刷这篇<span style="color: black;">文案</span>就离不开锂离子电池。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">锂离子电池原理 <strong style="color: blue;"></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>的生活<span style="color: black;">已然</span>离不开锂离子电池,<span style="color: black;">大众</span>对它的原理、历史之类的都比较<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>了,<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">博主</span>今天就剑走偏锋,来给<span style="color: black;">大众</span>聊一聊锂离子电池少为人知的一面。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">锂电池?锂离子电池!</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">可能有小可爱<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>到了,<span style="color: black;">博主</span>说的<span style="color: black;">始终</span>都是“<strong style="color: blue;">锂离子电池</strong>”,但平时<span style="color: black;">大众</span>可能有听到过锂电池、锂离子电池、锂聚合物电池等<span style="color: black;">各样</span>各样的名词,被这些名词搞的七荤八素的。<span style="color: black;">博主</span>下面就来给<span style="color: black;">大众</span>捋一捋。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">锂电池的概念其实很混乱,<span style="color: black;">无</span>一个很统一的说法,姑且看一下国标(其实是<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>性国家标准)里面是怎么说的吧。《电工术语 原电池和蓄电池》(GB/T 2900.41-2008)中把锂电池定义为“<strong style="color: blue;">含非水电解质,负极为锂或含锂的电池</strong>”,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>是原电池<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>是蓄电池。这个范围就很宽泛了,只要负极含锂,电解质是非水的就行。平时<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的是把<strong style="color: blue;">负极是金属锂的一次电池</strong>叫做锂电池,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>叫锂原电池,是<span style="color: black;">不可</span>充电的,<span style="color: black;">表率</span>性的有锂-二氧化锰电池、锂-氟化碳电池、锂-亚硫酰氯电池。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">锂原电池</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">锂离子电池则是为了与锂电池相区别而发明出来的一个词语。前Sony高级执行副总裁兼首席技术官<strong style="color: blue;">西美绪(Yoshio Nishi)</strong>解释说<strong style="color: blue;"></strong>,负极的锂碳化合物中的“锂”是以离子的形式存在的,而正极的LiCoO2是离子化合物,锂<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是以离子形式存在的,电池中<span style="color: black;">无</span>金属锂的存在,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>叫做“锂离子电池”,得了诺奖的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>它。显然,锂离子电池是可充电电池。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/RfPJsDuFAsBp3d~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1729840816&amp;x-signature=iZCaFSlj8%2F%2BUuLkaRolki6%2BPouo%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">西美绪(对锂离子电池的产业化做出了很大贡献)</p><img src="https://p26-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/RfPJsiKEYMuRcJ~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1729840816&amp;x-signature=ZiLIFoTyXgrwSHkUOaJxHZamJoc%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">满电态的负极,金色的是LiC6,锂并<span style="color: black;">无</span>以金属单质的形式存在(将锂离子电池充好电后拆解,图中是在手套箱中操作,千万别自己拆解充好电的锂离子电池,LiC6在空气中会自燃,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>最好别自己更换手机电池,有可能操作<span style="color: black;">欠妥</span>把电池划破了,搞<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>会起<span style="color: black;">火热</span>炸)</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">说到锂离子电池,还有个人<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不得不提一下,那<span style="color: black;">便是</span>法国<span style="color: black;">专家</span><strong style="color: blue;">米歇尔·阿曼德(Michel Armand)</strong>,他在1972年提出了<strong style="color: blue;">插层化合物</strong>和“<strong style="color: blue;">摇椅电池</strong>(rocking chair batteries)” 的概念,正负极采用插层化合物,将锂离子在正负极之间的穿梭形象地比作摇椅的摇动。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Michel Armand</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当你以后听到有人说锂电池得了诺奖,<span style="color: black;">或</span>说手机上用的是锂电池的时候,就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>礼貌而不失微笑地指出:那不是锂电池,是锂离子电池(<strong style="color: blue;">lithium-ion batteries</strong>)。装B之后飘然而去,深藏功与名。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">至于锂聚合物电池,其实<span style="color: black;">便是</span>锂离子电池,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>叫聚合物锂离子电池。和传统的锂离子电池相比,不<span style="color: black;">同样</span>的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>在于它的外壳是<strong style="color: blue;">铝塑膜</strong>,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>就没啥大的差别了。换个壳就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>改个<span style="color: black;">高挑</span>上的名字,真让人头冷。<span style="color: black;">所说</span>铝塑膜,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>两层<strong style="color: blue;">聚丙烯</strong>之间夹着一层铝箔,铝箔是用来<strong style="color: blue;">防止空气中的水透过聚丙烯</strong>进入电池内部的,用铝塑膜做外壳的好处<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>减轻电池的重量。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">聚合物锂离子电池(<span style="color: black;">亦</span>叫软包电池),外壳<span style="color: black;">便是</span>铝塑膜</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">还有种“<strong style="color: blue;">凝胶聚合物锂离子电池</strong>”,它用的电解质比较特殊,像<span style="color: black;">通常</span>的锂离子电池用的电解液是液态的,而它用的是凝胶态的,就像果冻<span style="color: black;">同样</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">锂离子电池的容量与能量</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>的手机屏幕越来越大,相应的耗电量<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span>了。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>,手机电池的容量<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>一个很重要的选购指标,毕竟谁<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不想用着手机的<span style="color: black;">同期</span>还拖着长长的充电线吧。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">真香警告</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>衡量手机电池容量的单位是mAh,高中知识告诉<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>,这是电量的单位,还需要乘上个电压才是能量的单位。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">电池容量计算<span style="color: black;">办法</span>:</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">电池能量计算<span style="color: black;">办法</span>:</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/RfPJt9KCwHjA1l~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1729840816&amp;x-signature=fb9TWS14nQJG51YT8tcirw3T4dw%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">等等,手机消耗的明明是能量,怎么用个电量的单位来衡量它?!这其实是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>在手机这类便携式电子设备中,为了减小电池的体积,锂离子电池的正极<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的都是<strong style="color: blue;">钴酸锂</strong>,这种正极材料<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>很高的<strong style="color: blue;">压实密度</strong>。正<span style="color: black;">由于</span>手机电池的正极用的都是同一种材料,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>电池的电压都比较接近(理论上是3.7V,这个<span style="color: black;">详细</span>和<span style="color: black;">区别</span>电池生产商的工艺<span style="color: black;">相关</span>),再加上手机里面<span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">仅有</span><span style="color: black;">一起</span><strong style="color: blue;">单体电池</strong>(请<span style="color: black;">忽略</span><span style="color: black;">近期</span>某手机厂出的某款手机,里面有两块2000mAh的电池),只用容量其实就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>衡量电池储存能量的<span style="color: black;">体积</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>电脑上的电池却会<span style="color: black;">同期</span>标注电池的容量(电量)和能量。这是<span style="color: black;">由于</span>,电脑中不<span style="color: black;">仅有</span><span style="color: black;">一起</span>单体电池啊,里面有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>块电池串并联,形<span style="color: black;">成为了</span><strong style="color: blue;">电池组</strong>,就<span style="color: black;">不可</span>用电池的容量来衡量了。高中知识告诉<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>:<strong style="color: blue;">同一型号的电池,电池并联后,电池组的电压不变,但会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>电池组的容量;电池串联,电池组的容量不变,<span style="color: black;">然则</span>会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>电池组的电压</strong><strong style="color: blue;">。</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">电池并联 | <span style="color: black;">源自</span>:esigara.eu</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/RfPJtA7SzlWpX~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1729840816&amp;x-signature=TUXPME0rn%2Fd0iE8jTtllrJgkZqM%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">电池串联 | <span style="color: black;">源自</span>:batteryuniversity.com</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">此刻</span>就以<span style="color: black;">博主</span>手头上的这台笔记本电脑为例,它的规格参数上写着“57.4Wh/7565mAh@7.6V(典型容量)”,这就说明,这<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>四块容量为3782.5mAh,电压为3.8V锂离子电池串联形成的电池组,7565mAh×7.6V=57.494Wh。<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">为何</span>不<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>两块7565mAh的电池串联呢?嘿嘿,7565mAh的电池容量太大了,对生产的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>比较高;其次3782.5mAh的电池其实<span style="color: black;">便是</span>手机上用的电池,对工厂<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,只要一条生产线就<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">同期</span>生产手机、电脑用的电池,<span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>减少成本。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而后</span><span style="color: black;">博主</span>去看了另一台笔记本电脑的电池规格参数,见下图。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/RfPJtAOzOtKff~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1729840816&amp;x-signature=4lQlJgbqQW9d36IFS2IOIVbOtOw%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">乍一看,这块电池的容量就比手机电池大一点,怎么能给笔记本电脑用?<span style="color: black;">然则</span>看一下它的电压就恍然大悟。这<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>6块容量为2200mAh,电压为3.6V的电池串联而成的,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>传说中的<strong style="color: blue;">6芯锂离子电池</strong>(里面有6个单体电池)。从这根电池的形状(长长的)和2200mAh的容量<span style="color: black;">能够</span>看出,这是18650电池(<span style="color: black;">便是</span>电池直径为18mm,高度为65mm的圆柱电池)。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>,衡量电池的续航能力,还是看能量比较<span style="color: black;">可靠</span>,自己动手算一算。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">锂离子电池<span style="color: black;">运用</span>指北</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">博主</span>曾经听有人说过,刚买回来的手机前几次<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的时候,要先充满电,再把电量耗尽,反复几次,<span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>将电池激活,电池的寿命会更长。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">当听到这个说法的时候,<span style="color: black;">博主</span>我顿时就在风中凌乱了。这哪是让锂离子电池电池长寿,分明是让锂离子电池短命啊。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>把时间倒退个二十年,这个说法是<span style="color: black;">无</span>很大问题的。<span style="color: black;">由于</span>那是<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的还是镍氢电池,它有<span style="color: black;">所说</span>的“<strong style="color: blue;">记忆效应</strong>”,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>电池放久了之后镍极板上的晶体会变得粗大,影响和电解液的接触,<span style="color: black;">引起</span>容量下降<strong style="color: blue;"></strong>。进行几次完全的充放电能让晶粒细化,让容量部分恢复,这<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">所说</span>的“激活”。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/RfPJtV4Aj6LRCZ~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1729840816&amp;x-signature=wntizHy2HavAZk%2FimjTpnNmF4yY%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">镍氢电池 | <span style="color: black;">源自</span>:Wikipedia</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">而<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>手机早<span style="color: black;">已然</span>用上了锂离子电池。前面<span style="color: black;">已然</span>说了,锂离子电池是基于锂离子在插层化合物中嵌入脱出,并不存在着什么“记忆效应”。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>刚买来的手机,直接用就行。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">又有人问,锂离子电池的循环寿命<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>500次<span style="color: black;">上下</span>,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>要<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>让锂离子电池寿命延长?</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">锂离子电池的循环寿命<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是定义为:<strong style="color: blue;">锂离子电池进行深度充放电时,其容量能保持在80%以上的循环次数。</strong>从这儿<span style="color: black;">能够</span>看出两个关键词:深度充放电和80%。深度充放电容易破坏锂离子电池中的微观结构,使得容量降低。<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>的手机有<span style="color: black;">守护</span>机制,是没法对电池进行深度充放电的,那得要用电池厂的专门设备才行;其次,锂离子电池的容量在80%以下并不是说它<span style="color: black;">不可</span>用,只是会让用户觉得电池不耐用了。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>锂离子电池在工厂测试时的寿命有500次,<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>平时<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的寿命肯定是要大于500次的。因为<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>平时正常<span style="color: black;">运用</span>做不到对电池深度充放电,电池容量衰减没<span style="color: black;">那样</span>厉害。至于<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>让锂离子电池更长寿,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>所能做的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>别对电池深度充放电(当然更要<strong style="color: blue;">避免过度充电,过度放电</strong>),<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>要对锂离子电池浅充浅放:没充满电就用,没放完电就充。但<span style="color: black;">这般</span>子做实在是影响玩手机的乐趣啊,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>有个更折衷的<span style="color: black;">方法</span>:手机充满电后再<span style="color: black;">运用</span>,还剩20%的电的时候就充电,别等到手机自动关机了才去充电。为啥是20%?<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">博主</span>的手机在20%电量时会进入省电模式,<span style="color: black;">博主</span>有强迫症,<span style="color: black;">此时</span>会迫不及待给手机充电。</p><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/RfPJtVwGgVM94Y~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1729840816&amp;x-signature=hmFJ%2Fyzw0QK043gfIPH%2BDTNju8g%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">手机电量恐惧症</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其实<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">哪些</span>不良<span style="color: black;">运用</span>习惯工程师早就<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>到了,<span style="color: black;">不消</span>自己瞎操心(真·我比工程师聪明系列),手机电池正常<span style="color: black;">运用</span>两三年还是扛得住的,两三年到了,手机其实<span style="color: black;">亦</span>差不多该换了。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">参考资料</strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> https://cen.acs.org/people/nobel-prize/Who-will-win-the-2019-Nobel-Prize-in-Chemistry/97/web/2019/10</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> Nishi Y. The development of lithium ion secondary batteries. Chemical Record, 2001, 1(1): 406-413.</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> https://batteryuniversity.com/index.php/learn/archive/memory_myth_or_fact</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">封面图来自系统之家</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">编辑:重光</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://p3-sign.toutiaoimg.com/pgc-image/RMvC4Xs6g5SjIV~noop.image?_iz=58558&amp;from=article.pc_detail&amp;lk3s=953192f4&amp;x-expires=1729840816&amp;x-signature=rmr0QMv81DsUkz4VXHoHy%2BD59DQ%3D" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>




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