癌症初期有什么样的表现?
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在医学上,癌<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>起源于上皮组织的恶性肿瘤,是恶性肿瘤中最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的一类。相对应的,起源于间叶组织的恶性肿瘤统<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为肉瘤。有<span style="color: black;">少许</span>恶性肿瘤不按<span style="color: black;">以上</span>原则命名,如肾母细胞瘤、恶性畸胎瘤等。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>人们所说的“癌症”习惯上泛指所有恶性肿瘤。</span><span style="color: black;"> 癌症的局部表现</span><span style="color: black;">(1)肿块:癌细胞恶性增殖所形成的,可用手在体表或深部触摸到。甲状腺、腮腺或乳腺的癌可在皮下较浅部位触摸到。肿瘤转移到淋巴结,可<span style="color: black;">引起</span>淋巴结肿大,某些表浅淋巴结,如颈部淋巴结和腋窝淋巴结容易触摸到。至于在身体较深部位的胃癌、胰腺癌等,则要用力按压才可触到。恶性肿瘤<span style="color: black;">包含</span>癌的肿块生长<span style="color: black;">快速</span>,表面不平滑,<span style="color: black;">很难</span>推动;良性肿瘤则<span style="color: black;">通常</span>表面平滑,像鸡蛋和乒乓球<span style="color: black;">同样</span>容易滑动。肺部等胸腔器官<span style="color: black;">没</span>法直接触摸到,但在胸片或CT上<span style="color: black;">能够</span>看到相应的肿块,或在锁骨上等部位触摸到转移的淋巴结肿块。</span><span style="color: black;">(2)<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>:肿瘤的膨胀性生长或破溃、感染等使末梢神经或神经干受刺激或压迫,可<span style="color: black;">显现</span>局部<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>。<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;">常常</span>提示癌症已进入中、晚期。<span style="color: black;">起始</span>多为隐痛或钝痛,夜间<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。以后<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>加重,变得难以忍受,昼夜<span style="color: black;">一直</span>,尤以夜间<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>止痛药效果差。</span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">(3)溃疡:体表或胃肠道的肿瘤,若生长过快,可因供血不足<span style="color: black;">显现</span>组织坏死或因继发感染而形成溃烂。如某些乳腺癌可在乳房处<span style="color: black;">显现</span>火山口样或菜<span style="color: black;">花招</span>溃疡,分泌血性分泌物,并发感染时可有恶臭味。胃、结肠癌形成的溃疡<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">仅有</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>胃镜、结肠镜才可观察到。放疗医师(id:fangliaoyishi)</span><span style="color: black;"> (4)<span style="color: black;">流血</span>:癌组织侵犯血管或癌组织小血管破裂而产生。如肺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>可咯血或痰中带血;胃癌、食管癌、结肠癌则可呕血或便血,泌尿道肿瘤可<span style="color: black;">显现</span>血尿,子宫颈癌可有阴道流血,肝癌破裂可<span style="color: black;">导致</span>腹腔内<span style="color: black;">流血</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">(5)梗阻:癌组织<span style="color: black;">快速</span>生长而<span style="color: black;">导致</span>空腔脏器的梗阻。当梗阻部位在<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>道<span style="color: black;">就可</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难、肺不张;食管癌梗阻食管则吞咽困难;胆道部位的癌<span style="color: black;">能够</span>阻塞胆总管而<span style="color: black;">出现</span>黄疸;膀胱癌阻塞尿道而<span style="color: black;">显现</span>排尿困难等;胃癌伴幽门梗阻可<span style="color: black;">导致</span>餐后上腹饱胀、呕吐等。总之,因癌症所梗阻的部位不同而<span style="color: black;">显现</span>不同的症状。</span><span style="color: black;">(6)其他:颅内肿瘤可<span style="color: black;">导致</span>视力<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>(压迫视神经)、面瘫(压迫面神经)等多种神经系统症状;骨肿瘤侵犯骨骼可<span style="color: black;">引起</span>骨折;肝癌<span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">血液</span>白蛋白减少而致腹水等。肿瘤转移<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>相应的症状,如区域淋巴结肿大,肺癌胸膜转移<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的癌性胸水等。</span><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>怎么样做<span style="color: black;">才可</span>防癌于<span style="color: black;">没</span>形呢?</span><span style="color: black;"> 下面<span style="color: black;">一块</span>来<span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>不花<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>钱的防癌秘方!</span><span style="color: black;">避免不必要的放射<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。美国哥伦比亚大学医学<span style="color: black;">理学</span>师大卫?勃伦钠曾在《新英格兰医学杂志》上<span style="color: black;">发布</span>论文<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>,在过去数十年中,美国有高达2%的癌症病例可能是<span style="color: black;">因为</span>CT扫描的辐射<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的。辐射<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>累积将给健康带来更大<span style="color: black;">害处</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">柠檬茶防皮肤癌。美国罗格斯大学的<span style="color: black;">研究</span>人员<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>在泡茶时加上柑橘类<span style="color: black;">果蔬</span>的果皮,饮用者患上皮肤鳞状细胞皮肤癌的机会将减少约70%<span style="color: black;">上下</span>。柠檬中所含的柠檬酸<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>防止和消除皮肤色素沉着的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是,<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要用热茶。冷冻后的茶防皮肤癌的功效不如热茶。</span><span style="color: black;"> 吃东西加点大蒜。美国俄亥俄州大学癌症中心的厄尔?哈里森教授介绍说:“<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>尿检<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,大蒜吃得越多,人<span style="color: black;">身体</span>潜在的致癌物质含量就越少。”<span style="color: black;">不外</span>,高温会破坏大蒜中最<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的抗癌物质——蒜氨酸,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>,压碎大蒜<span style="color: black;">安置</span>15分钟后再煮。</span></p>
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">干家务降低乳癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。牛津大学英国癌症<span style="color: black;">科研</span>所流行病学家蒂姆?奇伊教授及其同事<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,<span style="color: black;">每日</span>花6个小时干家务活、<span style="color: black;">慢跑</span>或种花种菜,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>使女性患乳腺癌的危险降低13%。<span style="color: black;">每日</span>活动2.5小时可使乳腺癌危险降低8%。但值得提醒的是,美国环保署在之前的一项<span style="color: black;">科研</span>中<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,传统干洗过程中用到一种名为全氯乙烯的溶剂,可能<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>肝癌、肾癌和白血病,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>做家务时<span style="color: black;">意见</span>少干洗,而<span style="color: black;">运用</span>温和的洗衣液手洗衣物。</span><span style="color: black;"> 少喝酒防住食管癌。瑞典隆德大学最新的<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>,45岁以上的男性<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>少喝酒<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>不喝酒,就可减少五成得食管癌的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。若再多吃些蔬果,更能够防住这一癌症。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">源自</span>:</span></span><span style="color: black;">TD放疗科</span></p>
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