低位直肠癌手术保肛还是不保？
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">低位直肠癌<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>直肠恶性肿瘤下缘距离肛门齿状线5cm以内。按<span style="color: black;">需求</span>，手术切缘距离肿瘤下缘<span style="color: black;">最少</span>2cm以上。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-523ff72b4c909edaad0ee9003f335511_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，低位直肠癌的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，术前都面临一个很残酷的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>，<span style="color: black;">保存</span>肛门还是挖掉？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">更确切的说应该是做永久造瘘还是不做。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这是个大事，<span style="color: black;">无</span>屁眼还了得！</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">保肛怕切不干净<span style="color: black;">火速</span>复发，不保肛往后余生大便都是从肚皮上的一个小孔出来，到哪都得挂着个粪袋心理压力大。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这是个两难<span style="color: black;">选取</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">首要</span>说明一点，<span style="color: black;">没</span>论保不保肛<span style="color: black;">针对</span>现代医疗技术都能满足，<span style="color: black;">然则</span>能否达到治疗目的<span style="color: black;">或</span>能否<span style="color: black;">保存</span>肛门的功能就不敢说了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这儿</span>所说的是术前有机会<span style="color: black;">选取</span>的，不<span style="color: black;">包含</span>肿瘤<span style="color: black;">已然</span>侵犯到肛门,<span style="color: black;">或</span>距离齿状线<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>1~2cm<span style="color: black;">必要</span>要挖肛没得选的病人。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>论什么<span style="color: black;">选取</span>，大部分人做完手术后刚开始都不适应，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>慢慢<span style="color: black;">调节</span>自己的<span style="color: black;">心理</span>习惯成自然，对自己<span style="color: black;">选取</span>的手术方式还是很满意，这不讨论，就说<span style="color: black;">哪些</span>少部分<span style="color: black;">懊悔</span>当初的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>病人的想法。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">先说说不保肛病人的想法吧。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">有少部分人觉得造瘘对<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的生活产生了很大的<span style="color: black;">困惑</span>，当初刚确诊直肠癌<span style="color: black;">全部</span>人都是懵的，很绝望，出于求生的本能，手术<span style="color: black;">选取</span>了挖肛永久造瘘术（miles手术）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但做完手术后才<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>自己远远低估造瘘对自己的打击，<span style="color: black;">懊悔</span>了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一觉醒来<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>自己的大便<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>从肛门出来，而是从肚子上的孔出来，以后还怎么出去见人？<span style="color: black;">步行到</span>哪都提心吊胆的，怕贴在腹部的粪袋<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>掉落粪便弄脏衣服，臭到别人；<span style="color: black;">夜晚</span>睡觉<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不敢随便翻身，怕压到粪袋脱落弄脏床单被子；夏天不敢穿短衣服，不敢去游泳。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-b87f8247bec060294d1074dbc26c6144_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>论是<span style="color: black;">每日</span>从粪袋里放出大便还是<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>星期的更换造瘘袋，都觉得太恶心了，好臭。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>当初<span style="color: black;">选取</span>保肛就<span style="color: black;">不消</span>面对这些<span style="color: black;">懊恼</span>了，很<span style="color: black;">懊悔</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">保肛病人的想法。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">手术前<span style="color: black;">由于</span>接受不了造瘘排便方式，本着宁可站着死<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不躺着活，果断<span style="color: black;">选取</span>了保肛，<span style="color: black;">最少</span>自己死后看着像个完整的人。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但手术后<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，以前<span style="color: black;">每日</span>大便一两次，而<span style="color: black;">此刻</span><span style="color: black;">每日</span>大便七八次<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>十几次，能跑断腿。有时能拉出大便，大多时候只拉出水便或黏液便<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">更烦人的是有便意时分不清到底是粪便还是气体，以为是个屁结果出来却是屎，<span style="color: black;">或</span>大便和气体失禁，<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>不住。这么大一个人在公众场合拉屎在裤裆太难堪了，都不敢出门去玩去见<span style="color: black;">伴侣</span><span style="color: black;">或</span>上班，去哪都不敢离厕所太远。<span style="color: black;">夜晚</span>睡觉都不踏实，要么被便意惊醒，要么一觉醒来洗床单。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">最可怕的是做完手术半年到一年肿瘤复发了。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">懊悔</span>当时<span style="color: black;">无</span>直接挖肛做造瘘，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>做就<span style="color: black;">不消</span>面对这些问题。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">况且</span>经过这一番折腾，<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>活着挺好，肛门有<span style="color: black;">无</span>死后<span style="color: black;">最后</span>都<span style="color: black;">无</span>，这玩意儿没发挥<span style="color: black;">功效</span>留着<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">熬煎</span>自己。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠的手术<span style="color: black;">没</span>论位置高低，手术后或多或少都会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>大便次数<span style="color: black;">增加</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">手术打击<span style="color: black;">导致</span>肠道神经功能<span style="color: black;">错乱</span>，手术后疤痕刺激等等，都会<span style="color: black;">引起</span>这个问题。只是位置高的手术大便频繁只是暂时的，术后3个月到半年内<span style="color: black;">通常</span>都会慢慢减少。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">位置低的手术还可能<span style="color: black;">损害</span>到肛门括约肌<span style="color: black;">或</span>肛门<span style="color: black;">周边</span>神经，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肛门失去功能，大便失禁，尽管<span style="color: black;">日前</span>腹腔镜，<span style="color: black;">设备</span>人等比较高端的手术器械很<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>，但这个问题还是很难避免。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">因此</span>低位直肠癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>执意要保肛<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要做好心理准备，想清楚这三个问题：大便次数频繁，肛门大便失禁，肿瘤复发，前两个不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>，但一<span style="color: black;">显现</span>可能会是永久的，后面是切除的距离<span style="color: black;">不足</span>可能会残留<span style="color: black;">因此</span>复发快。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">总的<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>造瘘的病人手术后生活质量会更好<span style="color: black;">有些</span>，<span style="color: black;">由于</span>手术后身体恢复快能<span style="color: black;">即时</span>化疗放疗，<span style="color: black;">况且</span>时间久了感觉换造瘘袋、从袋中放大便<span style="color: black;">亦</span>没什么大不了，肛门还在时上厕所不是<span style="color: black;">亦</span>得用手拿纸擦屁股？人的适应能力都很强。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但保还是不保<span style="color: black;">无</span>哪个最好，都有利<span style="color: black;">坏处</span>，<span style="color: black;">选取</span>保肛<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>上面的问题那不是赚大了，我<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">长期</span>随访过这两个<span style="color: black;">选取</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。只是让<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span>这些<span style="color: black;">选取</span>对以后的生活大概有什么影响，你<span style="color: black;">此刻</span><span style="color: black;">懊悔</span>的<span style="color: black;">选取</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>许<span style="color: black;">便是</span>别人<span style="color: black;">懊悔</span>当初<span style="color: black;">无</span>选的<span style="color: black;">选取</span>。</p>
大势所趋，用于讽刺一些制作目的就是为了跟风玩梗，博取眼球的作品。
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