人一辈子得癌症的几率有多大？这5种人害处最大！
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">人活<span style="color: black;">一生</span>，得癌症的几率有多大？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">重要</span>还是看能活多久，<span style="color: black;">为何</span>几百年前<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>几十年以前，得癌症的人很少？一个<span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>人均寿命短，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人的寿命<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>三四十岁。显然，寿命越短，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>说他的“<span style="color: black;">一生</span>”、他的“<span style="color: black;">一辈子</span>”越短，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>他得癌症的“几率”当然就越低。活得越长，患癌几率越大。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2018年，国际癌症<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">公司</span>（IARC）<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>的<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>癌症数据中指出：一个人在75岁前，癌症累积<span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">危害</span>为21.4%，累积癌症死亡<span style="color: black;">危害</span>为17.7%。经过换算得出，<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">全世界</span>约1/5的男性和1/6的女性在其<span style="color: black;">一辈子</span>中将<span style="color: black;">病患</span>癌症。</span></strong>①</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2024年4月4日，肿瘤学<span style="color: black;">行业</span>知名期刊《癌症》（Cancer）杂志<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>了最新的<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>癌症统计数据<span style="color: black;">表示</span>：<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">约五分之一的人<span style="color: black;">一辈子</span>中会<span style="color: black;">病患</span>癌症。</span></strong>②</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这一数据和国际癌症<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">公司</span><span style="color: black;">颁布</span>的“75岁前累计患癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span>”基本相当。换句话说，<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">每一个</span>人<span style="color: black;">一辈子</span>中<span style="color: black;">大概</span>21.4%可能性患上癌症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">01</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">新发癌症数和</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">死亡数最高的5种癌症</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">按照</span>肿瘤学<span style="color: black;">行业</span>知名期刊《癌症》<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>的最新的<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>癌症统计数据<span style="color: black;">表示</span>：2022年，<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>新发癌症病例为1996万，<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>癌症死亡数为974万②。其中新发癌症数最高的5大癌症分别是：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肺癌（占总新发病例的12.4%）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">乳腺癌（占总新发病例的11.6%）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">结直肠癌（占总新发病例的9.6%）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">前列腺癌（占总新发病例的7.3%）</p>胃癌（占总新发病例的4.9%）
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">同期</span>，癌症死亡数最高的5大癌症分别是：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肺癌（占癌症死亡总数的18.7%）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">结直肠癌（占癌症死亡总数的9.3%）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肝癌（占癌症死亡总数的7.8%）</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">乳腺癌（占癌症死亡总数的6.9%）</p>胃癌（占癌症死亡总数的6.8%）
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在女性中，乳腺癌是最高发的癌症，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是癌症死亡的首要<span style="color: black;">原由</span>；其次是肺癌、结直肠癌；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在男性中，肺癌是最高发的癌症，其次是前列腺癌和结直肠癌，以及肝癌和结直肠癌。②</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">02</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">以下几类人<span style="color: black;">危害</span>最大</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">1、中老年人，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是六七十岁以上的人</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">年龄是癌症的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>发病<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>之一。<span style="color: black;">为何</span>说癌症<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>在中老年人身上呢？<span style="color: black;">由于</span>癌症不是一日长成的，从正常细胞“异变”到癌细胞，<span style="color: black;">持续</span>分裂增殖成细胞团，到“可见”可诊断的癌症结节肿块，要经历相当长的时间，少则几年，<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>十<span style="color: black;">数年</span>二十<span style="color: black;">数年</span>或几十年。当然，<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>癌症有<span style="color: black;">青年</span>化的趋向。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、有不良“<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>”的人</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">亦</span>即不良生活方式和不良<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>习惯，<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>下，癌症可能是你自己“招惹”来的，<span style="color: black;">例如</span><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>吸烟、喝酒，经常熬夜，<span style="color: black;">没</span>肉不欢（嗜食红肉和加工肉类）、<span style="color: black;">爱好</span>高糖<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>甜食、缺乏运动、<span style="color: black;">膳食</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>节制<span style="color: black;">没</span>规律，胡吃海喝暴饮暴食，喜吃<span style="color: black;">各样</span>煎炸烤腌类<span style="color: black;">食品</span>，喜吃咸食，烫食，不<span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">膳食</span>卫生、<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span><span style="color: black;">过重</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、<span style="color: black;">消极</span><span style="color: black;">心情</span>缠身，<span style="color: black;">心理</span>压抑<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>得不到释放的人</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症是“身病”，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是“心病”，是身心病。癌症的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>发展与社会心理<span style="color: black;">原因</span>密切<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，不良的<span style="color: black;">消极</span>心理<span style="color: black;">原因</span>会<span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌症的机率，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会对癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的治疗和<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>产生<span style="color: black;">消极</span>影响，影响疗效预后。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">4、生活或工作在癌症高发区的人</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">触及</span>的是环境中的致癌<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，某些地区<span style="color: black;">因为</span>环境污染（大气污染、土壤污染、水污染等），生活在<span style="color: black;">这儿</span>的人相对<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>就有更高的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>得癌症。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>，某些职业<span style="color: black;">必须</span>经常或<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>接触或暴露在某些致癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span>中，其患癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>相对较高。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">5、有癌症家族史的人</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症家族史，并不是简单地认为是家里有几个人得过癌症<span style="color: black;">便是</span>有家族史，而是和你有血缘关系的亲人，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是直系血亲，有多人得过癌症（<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是得癌症时年纪轻），<span style="color: black;">那样</span>你可能携带某些癌症<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的不稳定或缺陷基因，你天生就有更大的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>倾向得某种或某些癌症。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">03</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">SOD对癌症的<span style="color: black;">功效</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">SOD（超氧化物歧化酶）在恶性肿瘤的预防和治疗方面<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>和<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">SOD<span style="color: black;">控制</span>肿瘤生长和扩散</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">SOD能够<span style="color: black;">控制</span>肿瘤细胞的增殖和扩散，对肿瘤的生长<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">控制</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>。<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，SOD<span style="color: black;">能够</span>调节肿瘤微环境中的氧化应激状态，降低细胞内自由基水平，<span style="color: black;">控制</span>肿瘤细胞的增殖和迁移能力。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一项<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，SOD的表达水平与肺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的预后密切<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，高SOD表达组的<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span>期更长。③</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">SOD促进化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的疗效</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">SOD能够<span style="color: black;">加强</span>化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>对恶性肿瘤的疗效，<span style="color: black;">加强</span>治疗的有效率。化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>对癌细胞产生毒性<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，但<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">损害</span>正常细胞。SOD<span style="color: black;">能够</span>中和化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>产生的自由基，减少其对正常细胞的<span style="color: black;">损害</span>，并<span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>在癌细胞中的浓度及细胞杀伤<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一项<span style="color: black;">科研</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，<span style="color: black;">运用</span>SOD协同化疗<span style="color: black;">药品</span>对多种恶性肿瘤进行治疗，<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">明显</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>治疗的效果。④</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">SOD减轻放疗<span style="color: black;">损害</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">SOD能够减轻放射治疗对正常组织的<span style="color: black;">损害</span>，<span style="color: black;">加强</span>放疗的耐受性。放疗是一种常用的恶性肿瘤治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>，但<span style="color: black;">同期</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">损害</span><span style="color: black;">周边</span>正常组织。SOD<span style="color: black;">能够</span>中和放射治疗产生的氧自由基，减少其对正常细胞的<span style="color: black;">损害</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">SOD<span style="color: black;">加强</span>免疫反应</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">SOD能够<span style="color: black;">加强</span>机体的免疫反应，<span style="color: black;">增多</span>对恶性肿瘤的抵抗力。免疫系统<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>和清除肿瘤细胞<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>。SOD<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">控制</span>肿瘤生长过程中的炎症反应，<span style="color: black;">增多</span>免疫细胞的活性，促进肿瘤细胞的清除。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">一项研究<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>，SOD治疗对乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的免疫状态产生了<span style="color: black;">明显</span>的影响，<span style="color: black;">加强</span>了免疫细胞的活性，<span style="color: black;">增多</span>了对肿瘤细胞的杀伤能力。⑤</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">科学证据：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">①Freddie Bray BSc, et al. Global Cancer Statistics2018: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in185 Countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. First published: 12September 2018.https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">②Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3322/caac.21834</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">③Bhattacharyya, S., et al. (2011). Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)-mimetic M40403 is Protective in Cell and Fly Models of Paraquat Toxicity: Implications for Parkinson Disease. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 286(12): 9695-9703.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">④ Fajardo, L. F. (1995). Effect of Recombinant Human Superoxide Dismutase on the Healing of Radiation-impaired Wounds in a Non-weight-bearing Mouse Model: A Preliminary Report. Journal of Surgical Oncology, 58(4): 208-214.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">⑤Vojtíšková, J., et al. (2013). Changes in Antioxidant Systems in Breast Carcinoma Pathological Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Cancer Microenvironment, 6(1): 61-69.</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 请<span style="color: black;">重视</span> </strong></p>
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你字句如珍珠，我珍藏这份情。 回顾历史，我们不难发现：无数先辈用鲜血和生命铺就了中华民族复兴的康庄大道。 感谢你的精彩评论，带给我新的思考角度。
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