大便流血，是痔疮还是直肠癌？4个要紧辨别点，一看就懂
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>，这<span style="color: black;">便是</span>痔疮便血，随便给我开点药就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>了”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>，我<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一个痔疮，<span style="color: black;">不消</span>做肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>了”。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">类似于<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的对话，<span style="color: black;">每日</span>都在肛肠科门诊上演，一部分<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的确是<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了痔疮。而有一部分<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，看似是<span style="color: black;">显现</span>了痔疮的症状，但在这些症状<span style="color: black;">暗地里</span>可能<span style="color: black;">隐匿</span>的，却是一种非常严重、<span style="color: black;">能够</span>致命的恶性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>：直肠癌！</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠是大肠的一部分，上连乙状结肠，下连肛管、肛门，<span style="color: black;">重点</span>负责储存、运输、排空粪便，而肛门则是粪便排出体外的出口，两者位置临近，关系密切，相互<span style="color: black;">协同</span>，一旦直肠<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变后，其症状体征与痔疮<span style="color: black;">亦</span>较为<span style="color: black;">类似</span>，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是便血症状，大<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">第1</span>时间想到的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>痔疮。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>区分痔疮和肠癌？<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>准确判断？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、看便血症状</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">痔疮和直肠癌都会有便血的症状，痔疮<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">通常</span>都是大便过程中<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，呈手纸带血、滴血或喷射状<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，色鲜红，大便本身不带血（血液与大便<span style="color: black;">无</span>混合在<span style="color: black;">一块</span>），在大便彻底结束后，<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会停止。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">直肠癌<span style="color: black;">流血</span>为粪便中带血或黏液脓血便，血液呈现出深红或暗红色，可有大便习惯的改变，大便次数<span style="color: black;">增加</span>，形状变细，大便的时候有肛门坠胀感、里急后重感，大便<span style="color: black;">检测</span>可见潜血阳性，体重不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>减轻。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2、看<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>差异</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">痔疮会产生<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感，但这种<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>是被动的，<span style="color: black;">因为</span>粪便在排出的过程中对痔疮造<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>刺激或压迫，<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>肛门剧烈<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感。<span style="color: black;">一般</span>，这种痛感在大便结束后不久就会<span style="color: black;">自动</span>消失。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肠癌<span style="color: black;">诱发</span>的<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>会牵涉到了腹部和肛周两个区域，受癌肿刺激、肠梗阻或穿孔的影响，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>腹痛会<span style="color: black;">逐步</span><span style="color: black;">显著</span>，发展为<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>或爆发剧烈腹痛。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>，当癌组织<span style="color: black;">起始</span>向着肛管浸润之后，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>肛门<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，这种<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>是<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性的，<span style="color: black;">没</span>论<span style="color: black;">病人</span>排便与否，<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感都会<span style="color: black;">始终</span>存在，<span style="color: black;">吃下</span><span style="color: black;">通常</span>止痛<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>很难缓解。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3、看大便形状</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">没</span>论是内痔或外痔，它们的形态都较为柔软，并不会对大便<span style="color: black;">导致</span>影响和压迫，<span style="color: black;">因此</span>痔疮<span style="color: black;">一般</span>不会改变大便形状，更不会影响肠道息肉和蠕动能力。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肠癌大便形状将改变，癌肿<span style="color: black;">通常</span>都是硬性肿块，随着癌肿的<span style="color: black;">持续</span>增大，就会逐步侵占肠道内的空间，并对粪便产生压迫，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肠道梗阻。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>大便形状<span style="color: black;">常常</span>会<span style="color: black;">出现</span>改变，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>排出<span style="color: black;">一边</span>带有凹陷痕迹的粪便、小细条<span style="color: black;">通常</span>的粪便、小扁条样大便等等，都是<span style="color: black;">平常</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4、临床<span style="color: black;">检测</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">指检是区别痔疮和肠癌最基本、最简单、最有效的<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>感到内部有<span style="color: black;">凸出</span>的小粒则可能为痔疮。而<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>感到肠内有菜花硬块或边缘隆起中央凹陷的溃疡，<span style="color: black;">或</span>合并肠腔狭窄；<span style="color: black;">检测</span>后指套上沾有血液、脓液和黏液者，则要高度<span style="color: black;">可疑</span>直肠癌。这种<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>在临床中简便易行。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>说来，肛门指检能<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>75%以上的直肠癌，是一种常用的筛查手段。<span style="color: black;">然则</span>受限于<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>手指的长度，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>直肠上端的肿瘤难以探及。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">结肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>用于指检<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的直肠肿物，以及临床高度<span style="color: black;">可疑</span>的直肠或结肠肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>。在行结肠镜的<span style="color: black;">同期</span>，还<span style="color: black;">能够</span>进行肿瘤的标本采样，即活检。结肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>几乎能<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>所有的肠癌，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>被<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>为<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>肠癌的“火眼金睛”。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">怎样</span>预防肛肠<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>？</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1.<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>方面。不偏食，不要太精细，五谷杂粮、蔬菜<span style="color: black;">果蔬</span>、荤素搭配吃，多吃些<span style="color: black;">饱含</span>膳食纤维的<span style="color: black;">食品</span>，防止便秘，少量饮酒或直接戒酒，减少辛辣油腻<span style="color: black;">食品</span>的摄入，吃饭时<span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">细细咀嚼</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">2.养成良好的排便习惯。时间<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>自己生活的节奏来安排，早晨排便较为科学，每次排便的时间不要过长，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>应<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>在10分钟之内，不在排便的时候玩手机、抽烟、读书看报。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">3.多做运动。平时要多<span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">熬炼</span>身体，每天<span style="color: black;">保准</span>一个小时<span style="color: black;">上下</span>的运动量，克服不良<span style="color: black;">心情</span>，快乐面对生活，让消化系统保有一个正常的生理功能。久坐、久立的人应<span style="color: black;">保持</span>做提肛保健操，每次只需做几分钟<span style="color: black;">就可</span>，能起到改善局部血液循环的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，一天做2至3次，会有效减少肛肠<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">4.晨起喝一杯白开水，平时多吃蔬菜<span style="color: black;">果蔬</span>缓解便秘。最好便后用温水清洗，保持肛门清洁。</p>
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