直肠癌术后复发并转移，还能活多久
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>医学知识缺乏的人，<span style="color: black;">没</span>论患哪一种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>，<span style="color: black;">没</span>论<span style="color: black;">病人</span>或是家属<span style="color: black;">针对</span>自己的或是亲属的病情都会产生<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>困惑，<span style="color: black;">皆想</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>到底是怎么一回事，该<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>治疗，该<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>吃，<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>做，才是对自己或是亲属有好处，<span style="color: black;">怎么样</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>让自己或是亲属走向<span style="color: black;">恢复</span>？针对<span style="color: black;">病人</span>或家属<span style="color: black;">这般</span>或是那样的疑惑 ，硒教授给出某些<span style="color: black;">意见</span>供与参考，<span style="color: black;">期盼</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>帮到您</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/rZcWoabWsnQhj9XFzXkU8z1Lhan2oiaot5ESibBgCIeY9JpNRhmyVL4OmpGgks69VxDsqeldVveuHfQufDN34MyQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>转移了还能活多久？</span></strong></span></h1>
<h1 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">近期</span>，有个直肠癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>亲属来信息问：父亲直肠癌术后一年后又复发了，<span style="color: black;">已然</span>扩散到肺还有肝脏，还能活多久？</span></h1>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">癌症的一个特点<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">持续</span>地扩散和转移，使身体的器官组织受到破坏，<span style="color: black;">最后</span><span style="color: black;">引起</span>机体功能衰竭而死亡。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直肠癌<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是如此，在治疗直肠癌的方式中，手术是首选，大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>采用切除肿瘤部分，为其它治疗创造有利的<span style="color: black;">前提</span>，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">癌症的侵蚀速度是<span style="color: black;">火速</span>的，手术只是切除了肉眼可见的肿瘤部位，<span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">身体</span>的癌细胞还是存在的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">掌控</span>癌细胞，<span style="color: black;">火速</span>，癌细胞就会继续吞噬正常细胞，严重威胁生命，产生扩散、转移的现象，直肠癌转移<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>向<span style="color: black;">周边</span>组织和邻近器官直接侵害，直肠癌<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>扩散到肺部和肝脏部位。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>转移后治疗方向以什么为主？</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">临床上，</span><span style="color: black;">一旦<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>转移，</span><span style="color: black;">在<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>原病灶<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上，</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span>治疗的目的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>使<span style="color: black;">病人</span>减轻痛苦或<span style="color: black;">没</span>痛苦、</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">加强</span></span><span style="color: black;">生活质量、延长<span style="color: black;">存活</span>期并防止病症扩散。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">至于说，能活多久这个<span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">欠好</span>说，这和<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的瘤体时期、身体<span style="color: black;">情况</span>、质量方式<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>术后复发，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">有<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>人都会<span style="color: black;">选取</span>化疗的方式，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>身体<span style="color: black;">情况</span>良好，就<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>化疗的方式继续巩固性治疗。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span><span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span>，化疗对身体是有毒副<span style="color: black;">功效</span>的，轻者<span style="color: black;">通常</span>会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>恶心呕吐、腹泻等症状，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>体弱者反而<span style="color: black;">作为</span>死亡加速器，撑不住化疗的全疗程。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>治疗上<span style="color: black;">怎样</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>活得更久？</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直肠癌术后一年复发转移到肝脏和肺脏，应该是手术时病期局部晚期。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>局部晚期的直肠癌，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">术前应该给与术前放疗<span style="color: black;">或</span>放化疗，<span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>降低术后复发的风险。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>，术后完成标准的辅助化疗，<span style="color: black;">便是</span>辅助化疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>标准和治疗时间足够。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>术后肝肺转移的治疗，转移的程度不同治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>不同，预后<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>准确预测。<span style="color: black;">由于</span>与<span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">原因</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的转移程度，治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>及治疗反应，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>本身的身体素质<span style="color: black;">相关</span>系。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是肝转移和肺转移都是有根治手术的机会，<span style="color: black;">那样</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>还是有<span style="color: black;">长时间</span><span style="color: black;">存活</span><span style="color: black;">乃至</span>治愈机会的。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">对这部分<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的治疗，应该积极<span style="color: black;">有些</span>。<span style="color: black;">首要</span>在诊断准确的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上，先行全身化疗和靶向<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>化疗</span>2-3周期后复查，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>病变缩小<span style="color: black;">或</span>稳定，有根治手术机会的话，<span style="color: black;">意见</span>积极手术切除<span style="color: black;">，术后继续辅助化疗。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的肝肺转移比较严重，<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>潜在手术切除的机会。<span style="color: black;">那样</span>，这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>的治疗，<span style="color: black;">便是</span>化疗为主，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">治疗<span style="color: black;">目的</span>以<span style="color: black;">没</span>瘤<span style="color: black;">存活</span>为目的，这是比较理想的状态，前提是<span style="color: black;">病人</span>对化疗和靶向<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>，肿瘤缩小<span style="color: black;">显著</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在化疗和靶向治疗一<span style="color: black;">按时</span>期（<span style="color: black;">通常</span>以肿瘤缩小后<span style="color: black;">再也不</span>继续缩小，稳定），联合放疗<span style="color: black;">或</span>介入<span style="color: black;">或</span>射频消融治疗，争取把所有的转移灶毁损掉。<span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>达到<span style="color: black;">没</span>瘤<span style="color: black;">存活</span>的目的，<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<span style="color: black;">存活</span>期大大延长。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>对<span style="color: black;">药品</span>不是很<span style="color: black;">敏锐</span>，<span style="color: black;">那样</span>，就需要更换化疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>，<span style="color: black;">或</span>参加临床<span style="color: black;">科研</span>，<span style="color: black;">或</span>给与对症支持治疗，减轻<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的的痛苦。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">病人</span>想要延长<span style="color: black;">存活</span>期，选对、选好治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>至关<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>，想要延长5-10年、<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>更久都是有可能的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">4、</span><span style="color: black;">重要</span>说</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">总的<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>结直肠癌术后复发，且肝肺转移的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，需多学科综合<span style="color: black;">评定</span>后制定最佳治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">预防才是健康的目的，而治疗肠癌的<span style="color: black;">重要</span>在于预防，预防大肠癌最<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的是改变高脂肪、高蛋白质、低纤维素的<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>习惯，</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">以及<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>大肠腺瘤等癌前期病变，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>积极的<span style="color: black;">干涉</span>，阻断癌变过程。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>大肠癌的高危人群，应<span style="color: black;">定时</span>进行肠镜的<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span></p>
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