儿童为么会患癌？怎么样防治？听听专家怎么说！
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-f5329ce364c1de2cf0354120a3d95bcc_b.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
</div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-8fa3a06f0a47e7df47af90fb699432de_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">癌症，即“恶性肿瘤”，虽然人类与之<span style="color: black;">格斗</span>的历史已算得上漫长，但当今大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>人还是会“谈癌色变”，更令人担忧的是，癌症的魔爪还能伸向孩童，给<span style="color: black;">没</span>数家庭蒙上<span style="color: black;">暗影</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">在大部分人的印象中，生活习惯不良或<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>接触环境中致癌物的成年人才<span style="color: black;">更易</span><span style="color: black;">病患</span>癌症，而儿童暴露于致癌<span style="color: black;">原因</span>的机会和强度<span style="color: black;">一般</span>很少，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>尚未形成固定的生活习性，<span style="color: black;">为何</span><span style="color: black;">孩儿</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会被癌症盯上呢？要怎么做<span style="color: black;">才可</span>减少宝宝们患癌的可能？儿童肿瘤治疗起来<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>大不大？别急，请往下滑，来看专业解答。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-d612ce955fba7245dd389fba67ea7b5d_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-a1f2b28be3c4578118da1b991000cb33_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">顾名思义，儿童肿瘤<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">出现</span>在年龄低幼的儿童身上的恶性肿瘤，与成年人肿瘤有<span style="color: black;">显著</span>区分。一张表带<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">瞧瞧</span>儿童和成人肿瘤的异同：</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-174d52c0df9dc1f8bfbefa7581c733ba_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-f5b2e12de67db47b02b743892f230610_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-14ce340b84d6489bf5eb158f4205395f_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">人类的肿瘤<span style="color: black;">出现</span>与遗传<span style="color: black;">原因</span>、环境<span style="color: black;">原因</span>及两者的<span style="color: black;">一起</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>紧密<span style="color: black;">关联</span>，且以环境<span style="color: black;">原因</span>的影响为主。儿童肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">详细</span>病因仍有待探寻。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-3cf49f97c6d197dc04198bb28f90d2b8_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">有些</span>学者认为，可能<span style="color: black;">重点</span>与母亲在怀孕<span style="color: black;">时期</span>、新生儿期、<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>孕前期对<span style="color: black;">各样</span>致癌性环境<span style="color: black;">原因</span>暴露有密切的因果联系，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>母亲在怀孕<span style="color: black;">时期</span>受到Ｘ射线或氡射线等电离辐射，使胎儿受到宫内暴露，子女出生后可能会诱发白血病等多种肿瘤；母亲在怀孕<span style="color: black;">时期</span>接触到某些<span style="color: black;">拥有</span>致癌性化学剂，这些化学剂本身或其代谢活化产物进入到胎儿<span style="color: black;">身体</span>后会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>其出生后<span style="color: black;">出现</span><span style="color: black;">各样</span>肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>；母亲在怀孕<span style="color: black;">时期</span>受到某些病毒感染，<span style="color: black;">经过</span>病毒的生物学<span style="color: black;">功效</span>，其子女出生后白血病等多种肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>会<span style="color: black;">增多</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-e3d543177b9b894132b9452bd72d2c23_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-e9fe992601d8dc8cd2366cc18bf64ef1_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">儿童肿瘤的发病机制中<span style="color: black;">触及</span>许多先天性<span style="color: black;">原因</span>，<span style="color: black;">同期</span>基因突变<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是恶性肿瘤<span style="color: black;">出现</span>发展的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>，<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>对儿童肿瘤的预防应从<span style="color: black;">青春</span>父母着手。母亲从妊娠期<span style="color: black;">起始</span>，就要<span style="color: black;">非常</span><span style="color: black;">重视</span>避免生物、化学和<span style="color: black;">理学</span>的致癌<span style="color: black;">原因</span>。保持<span style="color: black;">平衡</span>的<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>、良好的生活习惯及<span style="color: black;">阳光</span>的<span style="color: black;">心情</span>，做好孕前<span style="color: black;">检测</span>、产前<span style="color: black;">检测</span>对胎儿的健康<span style="color: black;">生长</span>是非常有利的。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-a617ef942092081a8800a02950a72020_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">其中，加强产前筛查工作，开展必要的产前染色体诊断，以<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>遗传<span style="color: black;">原因</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span>的肿瘤<span style="color: black;">特别有</span>必要。高龄孕妇、有不良孕产史、有遗传病家族史的孕妇更要进行以家系为<span style="color: black;">基本</span>的遗传咨询，并进行基因突变检测，最后<span style="color: black;">经过</span>羊水及脐血穿刺，进行细胞培养及染色体核型分析，对胎儿染色体病做出产前诊断。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-49750ba93a009ed16e373e68cd3fc60a_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">孕妇产检<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是及早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>手段，尤其是有家族史和职业接触史的家长，除了常规的产前<span style="color: black;">检测</span>外，怀孕后在对胎儿进行<span style="color: black;">彩超</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>时，更应该注重胎儿的肿瘤筛查，这些<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>常见的肝、肾、肾上腺、腹膜后及骶尾部肿瘤，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>肾母细胞瘤，<span style="color: black;">都数</span>都是在母体怀孕<span style="color: black;">时期</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>的，及早筛查是<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>并给予手术治疗的。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-03f12602d4022f17fa52697db88f9df2_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">宝宝出生后，<span style="color: black;">一样</span>要<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>避免与<span style="color: black;">各样</span>致癌<span style="color: black;">原因</span>接触，育儿<span style="color: black;">时期</span>，家长<span style="color: black;">能够</span>参考“看、摸、听”三字诀：</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一是“看”，<span style="color: black;">重视</span>观察<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>活动能力的变化，<span style="color: black;">例如</span>食欲不振，精神萎靡等；</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">二是“摸”，平时给<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>洗澡，多摸一摸<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>身上<span style="color: black;">可否</span>有肿块，<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是腹部、体形<span style="color: black;">可否</span>有变化，有<span style="color: black;">没</span>不正常的肿块<span style="color: black;">显现</span>；当<span style="color: black;">显现</span>不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>发热、贫血、腹胀、消瘦，不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的<span style="color: black;">流血</span>（皮肤<span style="color: black;">流血</span>点或瘀斑、尿血、便血）、视力<span style="color: black;">阻碍</span>等，应<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>可能是肿瘤<span style="color: black;">导致</span>的症状，<span style="color: black;">即时</span>到有儿童肿瘤专科的医院就诊，争取早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>早诊治。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-d953b2dd7393ce7f5c9d07e82d6eb8b1_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">三是“听”，<span style="color: black;">注意</span><span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>的主诉，不会说话的幼儿<span style="color: black;">由于</span>病变会哭得<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>厉害，<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>精神，会说话的儿童会告诉家长哪里不舒服，而家长对<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>说的头疼、肚子痛应<span style="color: black;">导致</span>足够的<span style="color: black;">注意</span>。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-67be8c0800c78c8cd51e0a35a0da743a_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-88cf3a598e76c1d52c6b91bb7151fe22_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-d7cdb0482f4b621b22461fc02757f731_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">儿童恶性实体肿瘤的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>是手术、化疗和放疗等。<span style="color: black;">初期</span>肿瘤可进行单纯手术切除。晚期肿瘤常<span style="color: black;">必须</span>术前化疗、手术切除、术后化疗、放疗等综合治疗。经过规范治疗的患儿<span style="color: black;">能够</span>获得很长的<span style="color: black;">没</span>瘤<span style="color: black;">存活</span>期，<span style="color: black;">成长</span>后能和同龄<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span><span style="color: black;">同样</span>，正常地生活、学习和工作。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-26591358c48dabb5cae0af0f81f9632a_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">至于儿童恶性非实体肿瘤，如最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的儿童白血病，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有相应的疗法。随着科学技术的发展，多药联合强化疗的实施，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>使儿童白血病其中一大类——急性淋巴细胞白血病（占儿童白血病的70%）——的治愈率达近90%。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-e7b29cc0603e9c7279d1f7cf0ff5663c_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">还有一类是急性非淋巴细胞白血病，其中又有一类叫急性早幼粒白血病，可采用维甲酸砷剂联合化疗。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">另外</span>，还有20%属于难治、易复发白血病，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可采取免疫治疗、分子靶向治疗等治疗，手段总有得选。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-e513953012cc903da20f9db57062b47b_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">本文内容版权归H立方<span style="color: black;">科研</span>所及作者所有，部分<span style="color: black;">照片</span>及资料来自网络，如需转载请后台留言沟通。欢迎转发<span style="color: black;">保藏</span>，为<span style="color: black;">更加多</span>人助益。本文以<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>教育及科普为目的，非医疗<span style="color: black;">行径</span>，<span style="color: black;">关联</span>诊治信息和<span style="color: black;">意见</span>仅供参考，不替代<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>面诊。内容及商务合作请联系liuyang@iadvancing.com。</p>
<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
可以发布外链的网站 http://www.fok120.com/ 说得好啊！我在外链论坛打滚这么多年，所谓阅人无数，就算没有见过猪走路，也总明白猪肉是啥味道的。
页:
[1]