j8typz 发表于 2024-5-22 22:44:17

19种癌的初期信号，早晓得能加强治愈率和存活期


    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-b4e83959903434ab1a42ecf3681d7388_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">虽然这些信号≠100%患癌</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>任由发展，它可能发展为真正的癌，一旦<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>以下这些症状，<span style="color: black;">必要</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">警觉</span>、采取<span style="color: black;">办法</span>！</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e440268f860524f06e31b4a884156e7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">乳腺癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">乳腺不规则肿块或乳头血性溢液，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>乳腺癌。80%的初诊乳腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>，是因<span style="color: black;">没</span>意中摸到乳腺肿块而就诊。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿块多为单发，以<span style="color: black;">没</span>痛性肿块<span style="color: black;">占多数</span>，<span style="color: black;">少许</span>伴有隐痛或刺痛，边缘不规则、表面<span style="color: black;">不但</span>滑，若还伴有乳腺皮肤的“酒窝样”或“橘皮样”改变，<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">看病</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">非妊娠期女性乳头流出脓液、浆液、血液等，可能是乳腺增生、乳腺导管扩张症或乳腺癌表现，需请<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>进一步判断。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3><span style="color: black;">通常</span>而言，18岁以上的女性要学会乳房自检，每月<span style="color: black;">定时</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>一次。40岁以前的成年女性，每年体检除了要做外科触诊外，应每年做一次乳腺<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>。40岁以后，除了乳腺<span style="color: black;">彩超</span>，还应<span style="color: black;">按照</span>个体<span style="color: black;">状况</span>，每年做一次乳腺钼靶<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。乳腺癌高危人群，则应在<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的<span style="color: black;">指点</span>下<span style="color: black;">定时</span>复查，或接受乳腺癌基因筛查。<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-3232f9de445ecdb97354235179c9413a_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e440268f860524f06e31b4a884156e7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">肝癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肝硬化可能是肝癌的癌前病变。肝癌存在典型的三步曲，即肝炎→肝硬化→肝癌。约70%的原发性肝癌是<span style="color: black;">出现</span>在肝硬化的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上的，而<span style="color: black;">另一</span>在我国约40%肝硬化合并肝癌。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肝硬化<span style="color: black;">病人</span>要<span style="color: black;">即时</span>接受规范的治疗。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-efadfba8ca9b1ab8bee535b9ccfd1c28_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">ECS早癌筛查<span style="color: black;">评定</span>问卷</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">​</span>jinshuju.net/f/ykizBj</span></span><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-428dcab433768cd73aa5718778cfdd00_ipico.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></a></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e440268f860524f06e31b4a884156e7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">胃癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">慢性萎缩性胃炎可能是胃癌的癌前病变。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">大部分慢性胃炎<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>接受正规治疗，效果是比较好的，不会致癌。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">然则</span>有的胃癌与某些良性病变共存或在某些良性病变如慢性萎缩性胃炎的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>上<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变，而这些胃部<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>大多已<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>存在，更易使<span style="color: black;">病人</span>放松对胃癌的<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"> <span style="color: black;">意见</span>：胃癌的<span style="color: black;">出现</span>与幽门螺旋杆菌有很大关系，可进行幽门螺杆菌基因分型<span style="color: black;">评定</span>胃癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span>，如有<span style="color: black;">必须</span>，可进一步进行胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-4072bfd2a4b407b74be1654fa3589611_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e440268f860524f06e31b4a884156e7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">食道癌、喉癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">消化不良、吞咽困难、嗓音嘶哑，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>食道癌、喉癌。<span style="color: black;">以上</span>两大症状在生活中极为<span style="color: black;">平常</span>，诱因<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>，但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">长期</span>不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的<span style="color: black;">连续</span>消化不良，需<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>胃癌的可能。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">长期吞咽困难，<span style="color: black;">摄食</span>时<span style="color: black;">显现</span>胸骨后<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、食管异物感，不<span style="color: black;">摄食</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会感到食管壁有菜叶、碎片或米粒黏附，吞咽下<span style="color: black;">食品</span>后会感到<span style="color: black;">食品</span>下行缓慢，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>停留在食管内，应尽早接受X光胸透或胃镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。若<span style="color: black;">显现</span>声音嘶哑、咽喉<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、刺激性干咳等症状，或有痰中带血、咽部异物感等，对症治疗不见好转，或症状<span style="color: black;">连续</span>超过1个月，应进行<span style="color: black;">仔细</span>的喉镜检查。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/80/v2-8bd17057b99f57b184612ef72b64115c_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">ECS早癌筛查<span style="color: black;">评定</span>问卷</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">​</span>jinshuju.net/f/ykizBj</span></span><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-428dcab433768cd73aa5718778cfdd00_ipico.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></a></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e440268f860524f06e31b4a884156e7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">淋巴癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">淋巴瘤最常以淋巴腺（结）肿大为初发症状，尤其是在颈部、腋下或腹股沟等部位。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">若淋巴结肿大时间较短，摸起来比较柔软，自觉<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>或压痛，<span style="color: black;">通常</span>属于良性；若颈部、腋窝或腹股沟淋巴结肿大<span style="color: black;">长期</span>不消，坚硬、固定，表面凹凸不平，<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>或压痛，且<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>增大，则要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>肿瘤的可能。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">一处或多处<span style="color: black;">显现</span>淋巴结肿大，质地较硬但<span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感的，就应<span style="color: black;">小心</span>淋巴瘤，最好<span style="color: black;">即时</span>就诊<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-a669da175b32048720674985f2477fe5_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e440268f860524f06e31b4a884156e7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">肺癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肺部结节大部分是良性的，<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>很少一部分属于癌前病变<span style="color: black;">或</span>肺癌。<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>，并非所有的肺结节都<span style="color: black;">必须</span>手术切除。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">咳嗽<span style="color: black;">一直</span>，痰中带血，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>肺癌。肺癌的典型征兆是刺激性咳嗽、痰中带血、胸痛等，约2/3有顽固刺激性咳嗽。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">与感冒、支气管炎咳嗽不同，这种刺激性咳嗽用抗生素<span style="color: black;">没</span>法减轻，<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是间断性咳血痰或痰中带血丝，或咳嗽有<span style="color: black;">海量</span><span style="color: black;">泡泡</span>痰，<span style="color: black;">伴同</span>喉部哮鸣音、胸闷、气促等表现，短期内体重<span style="color: black;">显著</span>下降，有不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的低热。若<span style="color: black;">以上</span>症状<span style="color: black;">连续</span>2~3周不缓解，<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">看病</span>。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3><span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>了肺部结节，不要过度惊慌，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>别<span style="color: black;">忽略</span>。<span style="color: black;">即时</span>进一步诊断<span style="color: black;">知道</span>性质，<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">实质</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>进行观察或治疗。40岁以上人群<span style="color: black;">或</span>有肺癌家族史的高危人群，<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>一年做一次低剂量螺旋CT筛查<span style="color: black;">初期</span>肺癌。<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic3.zhimg.com/80/v2-47dd30304c1d9b1af0567d9fcaa4d62a_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">ECS早癌筛查<span style="color: black;">评定</span>问卷</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">​</span>jinshuju.net/f/ykizBj</span></span><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-428dcab433768cd73aa5718778cfdd00_ipico.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></a></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e440268f860524f06e31b4a884156e7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">肠癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肠息肉<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>大肠腔内黏膜表面隆起，<span style="color: black;">引起</span>局部增生的一类病变。其中，炎性肠息肉、错构瘤息肉、淋巴性息肉跟肠癌关系不大；增生性肠息肉、腺瘤性肠息肉跟肠癌关系密切。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">长时间</span>便秘、腹泻，大便有血或呈深色、黑色，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>结肠癌、直肠癌。大便形态、颜色以及排便规律的变化，是结直肠癌最直接的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>表现。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不外</span>，便血是临床上较<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>的一种症状，痔疮、上消化道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>等<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>，但性状、颜色不同，若只<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>便中带血不必过于恐慌，听从<span style="color: black;">大夫</span><span style="color: black;">指点</span><span style="color: black;">就可</span>。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">可<span style="color: black;">选取</span>采集大便进行肠癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>筛查。如有<span style="color: black;">必须</span>，可进一步进行肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-448c77af52032d96c02d9e6ea81caf29_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e440268f860524f06e31b4a884156e7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">皮肤癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">没</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>皮肤角质化可能是皮肤癌的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>信号。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>症状<span style="color: black;">包含</span>：皮肤<span style="color: black;">显现</span>圆形皮疹样<span style="color: black;">反常</span>变化，局部扁平或隆起，表面<span style="color: black;">显现</span>棕黄色或黑色痂皮，<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>感，多发于面部和手背。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>皮肤<span style="color: black;">显现</span>这种角化，<span style="color: black;">即时</span>去皮肤科看一下<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-e12e234f340cc7398ba74e09de082165_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">ECS早癌筛查<span style="color: black;">评定</span>问卷</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">​</span>jinshuju.net/f/ykizBj</span></span><span style="color: black;"><img src="https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-428dcab433768cd73aa5718778cfdd00_ipico.jpg" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></span></a></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e440268f860524f06e31b4a884156e7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">黑色素瘤</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">交界痣可能是黑色素瘤的癌前病变。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">部分皮肤的交界痣和混合痣在某些<span style="color: black;">原因</span>的刺激下可<span style="color: black;">出现</span>恶变，<span style="color: black;">作为</span>恶性黑色素瘤。尽管交界痣和混合痣已被证实有恶变倾向，但真正发展<span style="color: black;">作为</span>恶性肿瘤者微乎其微。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">不要反复地摩擦、针挑等刺激身上的痣，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>别乱用<span style="color: black;">药品</span>腐蚀它，这些都可能是激发交界痣或混合痣恶变为黑色素瘤的诱因。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-2d4ab1b01c00ed9711a8fd2019f867c3_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="https://pic4.zhimg.com/80/v2-3e440268f860524f06e31b4a884156e7_720w.webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">口腔癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">口腔内<span style="color: black;">显现</span>不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的白色斑块，尤其是经常吸烟的人，可能是患上了口腔白斑病，<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>不<span style="color: black;">即时</span>治疗，有<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌变的可能，<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>面临手术切骨的严重后果。据<span style="color: black;">认识</span>，舌头、牙龈、腮上黏膜都有可能是口腔白斑病滋生的温床。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">口腔溃疡<span style="color: black;">一般</span>10天内会<span style="color: black;">自动</span>愈合，<span style="color: black;">长期</span>不愈合的溃疡可能是结核性溃疡<span style="color: black;">或</span>癌症。若溃疡伴有反复<span style="color: black;">流血</span>及不明<span style="color: black;">原由</span>的麻木、灼热、干燥感，且超过两周不愈合，就要<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>白斑时，不要误以为是溃疡，需<span style="color: black;">即时</span>处理；别用指甲刮白斑；停止抽烟，否则会加速白斑恶化。<span style="color: black;">公众</span>对口腔白斑病<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>缺乏认识，越早<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>早治疗，越能<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>病情。</p>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">阴道莫名<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌。有些女性在性交、妇科<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，或用力排便后有少量阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>，呈淡红色或褐色，属“接触性<span style="color: black;">流血</span>”，可能是宫颈癌的癌前病变信号。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span><span style="color: black;">通常</span>先少后多，或时多时少，病情发展到中期，<span style="color: black;">流血</span>会<span style="color: black;">显著</span><span style="color: black;">增加</span>。此时应<span style="color: black;">即时</span>到医院<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，并<span style="color: black;">保持</span>4~6个月复查。绝经期后有不规律阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>或血性白带，在排除宫颈癌和阴道炎后，应高度<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>子宫内膜癌。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3>宫颈癌筛查，HPV+TCT是经典筛查方式；21岁以上的<span style="color: black;">或</span>有性生活3年以上的女性，<span style="color: black;">最少</span>每2年做一次宫颈液基细胞学<span style="color: black;">检测</span>(TCT)及HPV病毒检测；<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>以上<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>高危型HPV阳性或TCT<span style="color: black;">反常</span>，<span style="color: black;">能够</span>做阴道镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，必要时取宫颈上的组织，做病理组织学诊断，以判断<span style="color: black;">可否</span><span style="color: black;">处在</span>癌前病变。<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">肾癌、膀胱癌、前列腺癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">排尿<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、血尿、尿量变化，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>膀胱癌、前列腺癌、肾癌。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">血尿是膀胱癌发出的<span style="color: black;">第1</span>信号。75%~78%的膀胱癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>有血尿症状，多呈<span style="color: black;">没</span>痛性或间歇性，有时会<span style="color: black;">自动</span>停止。血尿有些是<span style="color: black;">能够</span>用肉眼<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的，但<span style="color: black;">都数</span>肉眼<span style="color: black;">不可</span>察觉，需做尿常规<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">尿频、尿急、尿痛等膀胱刺激症状，以及尿潴留都可能是膀胱癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>症状。前列腺癌<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的<span style="color: black;">初期</span>表现<span style="color: black;">大都是</span>尿流分叉、尿程延长、尿频、尿急、尿痛、尿不尽感等，血尿反倒不是<span style="color: black;">重点</span>症状。性生活时<span style="color: black;">显现</span>射精<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，或射<span style="color: black;">流血</span>性精液<span style="color: black;">亦</span>需<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。肾癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>表现不典型，部分人会<span style="color: black;">显现</span>血尿，<span style="color: black;">没</span>痛性间歇<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>。</p>
    <h3 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h3><span style="color: black;">定时</span>筛查前列腺特异性抗原（PSA），是<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>前列腺癌的最佳办法；美国泌尿外科学会和美国临床肿瘤学会的<span style="color: black;">意见</span>是，50岁以上的男性，应该进行PSA筛查；有前列腺癌家族史的男性人群，应该从45岁<span style="color: black;">起始</span>，每年进行一次PSA<span style="color: black;">检测</span>；我国的前列腺癌指南还<span style="color: black;">意见</span>，<span style="color: black;">针对</span>50岁以上有尿道梗阻的男性<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>，除了查PSA，还要做前列腺指诊<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;">骨癌、睾丸癌</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>，<span style="color: black;">警觉</span>骨癌、睾丸癌。<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>是多种癌症的症状，多见于中晚期，骨癌和睾丸癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span>就可能<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">骨癌<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">病痛</span><span style="color: black;">拥有</span>固定性、<span style="color: black;">连续</span>性特点，夜间尤甚，且日益加重。当感到腰背、四肢、关节等处<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>、肿胀，找不到创伤、炎症、风寒等诱因，就要<span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">警觉</span>。</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">睾丸癌<span style="color: black;">病痛</span>常是局部隐痛、胀痛，痛感不是很<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>，手摸睾丸能<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>不对<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>，患侧体积增大，有下坠感。</p>
    <h2 style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><span style="color: black;">平常</span>癌症的筛查<span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</h2>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肺癌适应人群：肺癌家族史、吸烟史、咳嗽、胸痛、痰中带血、<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>低热等；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">适应年龄：50岁以上；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">检测</span>项目：胸部低剂量螺旋CT<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，肺癌液态活检；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤标志物：NSE、CYFRA21-1、CEA、SCC乳腺癌适应人群：乳腺癌家族史，乳腺<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>史、乳房胀痛（与<span style="color: black;">大姨妈</span>周期<span style="color: black;">没</span>关）、乳头<span style="color: black;">反常</span>分泌物等；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">适应年龄：35岁以上女性；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">检测</span>项目：乳腺超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>、乳腺钼钯<span style="color: black;">检测</span>、乳腺磁共振<span style="color: black;">检测</span>；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤标志物：CA-153、CA-125、CEA宫颈癌适应人群：宫颈癌家族史、不洁性生活史，白带<span style="color: black;">反常</span>、阴道<span style="color: black;">流血</span>等；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">适应年龄：21岁以上女性；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">检测</span>项目：宫颈超薄细胞学<span style="color: black;">检测</span>（TCT）、人乳头瘤病毒测试（HPV）；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤标志物：SCC、CEA结直肠癌适应人群：结直肠癌家族史，慢性结肠炎及肠息肉病史，下腹痛、便血、黏液便、大便频次改变等；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">适应年龄：45岁以上；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">检测</span>项目：肛诊、大便潜血、肠镜；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤标志物：CEA、CA-199、CA-242胃癌适应人群：胃癌家族史，胃溃疡、胃肠息肉病史等，腹痛、腹泻、消瘦、柏油便等；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">适应年龄：50岁以上；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">检测</span>项目：幽门螺杆菌检测、胃镜等；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肿瘤标志物：CA72-4、CEA前列腺癌适应人群：前列腺癌家族史，反复尿频、尿急及血尿等；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">适应年龄：45岁以上男性；</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">检测</span>项目：前列腺触诊<span style="color: black;">检测</span>、前列腺超声<span style="color: black;">检测</span>；</p>肿瘤标志物：PSA、FPSA<div style="color: black; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 10px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;utf8," style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></div>




星☆雨 发表于 2024-9-9 05:21:10

这篇文章真的让我受益匪浅，外链发布感谢分享！

m5k1umn 发表于 2024-10-28 20:04:57

一看到楼主的气势，我就觉得楼主同在社区里灌水。

7wu1wm0 发表于 2024-10-30 22:11:31

你的见解独到，让我受益匪浅，非常感谢。
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