一个艾滋病家庭的一年
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“我想跟踪拍摄一个艾滋病人家庭……反映生命的平等和尊严、母婴传播对生命的残酷戏弄。<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>社会能够理解艾滋病人不是异类,<span style="color: black;">她们</span>比正常的生命更<span style="color: black;">必须</span>理解和支持。”——导演陈为军</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2001年初夏,阳光还不算太炽烈。春种已过,秋收未到,<span style="color: black;">白天</span>的文楼村安静得能听见树枝摇摆的声音。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">村里一处普通的农家小院里,晾衣绳从这头延伸到那头,农具、木板车、凳子、鞋袜……<span style="color: black;">各样</span>东西散乱地放在地面上,像是许久<span style="color: black;">无</span>好好收拾一番了。院子最里边儿是矮小的平房,门口的红色对联儿在风吹日晒下褪了色,变得残缺不全。屋里<span style="color: black;">无</span>电灯,有些暗沉。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">文楼村<span style="color: black;">位置于</span>河南省驻马店市上蔡县,是中国最早被<span style="color: black;">发掘</span>的艾滋病村。平房是马深义和雷妹的家。</strong></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0EWFk57jjuqicHE9ecNA7oPCeCSrxR6xoV9D9ibpu5vvnLicaOD2uweYl8A/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">一家五口,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>一人幸免于难</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2001年是马深义和雷妹结婚的第九个年头。用雷妹的话说,当初的马深义除了一身衣裳,啥<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>,靠抬点肉、抬点酒,给老丈人抬点彩礼,就把自己娶了回来。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“我当年可红火……我当年的照片都<span style="color: black;">无</span>了。”坐在院子里的雷妹回忆起往事,脸上<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>有了一丝少女般的羞涩。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">此时的雷妹<span style="color: black;">已然</span>病得很重了,衣服掩盖不住她的瘦骨嶙峋。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">挣扎着从床上起来后,她先是去拜了拜神,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>或许是外面阳光和煦,她并<span style="color: black;">无</span>继续回去躺着。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0EibrNczNRYQ6PSU8P3xsmwoIKGRNibOzW6WhM937bVN5mpric0axaDyfVw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">从床上起来后,雷妹<span style="color: black;">起始</span>拜神,她说<span style="color: black;">这般</span>能让自己舒坦、得劲。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">家里有三个<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>,大女儿马宁宁上二年级,脸上肉乎乎的;二女儿马荣比姐姐闹腾,时常嘻嘻哈哈唱着歌;小儿子马占槽还不会走路,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不会说话,经常光着屁股在院子里爬来爬去。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">上世纪90年代初,村里掀起了“卖血脱贫”的风潮。</strong>为了维持生计,马深义和雷妹<span style="color: black;">亦</span>加入了卖血大军。那时的采血<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是<strong style="color: blue;">“<span style="color: black;">血液</span>采集”</strong>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>在采血后分离出<span style="color: black;">血液</span>,再将血细胞回输入人体。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">而在这个过程中,<span style="color: black;">有些</span>采血站会重复利用输液管和针头,这让<span style="color: black;">包含</span>马深义和雷妹在内的<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>村民因“血液传播”感染了艾滋病病毒。</span></strong></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0EibWAzsHRibCWnTRogWxSztgbTk87keia77zwdFBOiaMCkGLgZugUiaUDJUw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">马深义和雷妹在内的<span style="color: black;">非常多</span>村民因“血液传播”感染了艾滋病病毒。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在当下,艾滋病以“性传播”为主,但上世纪八九十年代,“血液传播”是艾滋病的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>扩散途径。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">那时,艾滋病<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的母婴阻断技术还<span style="color: black;">无</span>推广。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">在不知情的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,马深义和雷妹又孕育了两个<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>马荣和马占槽,而<span style="color: black;">她们</span>都<span style="color: black;">由于</span>“母婴传播”感染了艾滋病病毒。</span></strong><span style="color: black;">大女儿<span style="color: black;">由于</span>出生在两人卖血之前而幸免于难。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">一家五口,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>大女儿是这场<span style="color: black;">劫难</span>的幸存者。</strong></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0EWFk57jjuqicHE9ecNA7oPCeCSrxR6xoV9D9ibpu5vvnLicaOD2uweYl8A/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 一天一天地“熬”着 </strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">马深义说,村子里有<strong style="color: blue;">“五多”</strong>—— 卖血的多、发病的多、小孩失学的多、孤男寡女多、孤寡老人多。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0EpW9xI6lpwnvuaymf0KZql6IUyJYYj1iaaE7Tq22kiaq5leiaebiaRUC0SQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">上世纪90年代的血灾,让这个村子深受其害。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">从感染艾滋病病毒到发病,<span style="color: black;">隐藏</span>期的长短因人而异,短的可能<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>几个月,长的<span style="color: black;">能够</span>达十几年,平均6~8年。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">这是人体免疫力和病毒斗争的过程,什么时候病毒占了绝对的上风,艾滋病<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的免疫缺陷症状就会表现出来。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">马深义还<span style="color: black;">无</span>什么<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的症状,雷妹却<span style="color: black;">已然</span>在想自己的身后事了</strong>。她<span style="color: black;">已然</span>发病了,会在一声又一声的呻吟中<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>大笑两声,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>觉得心里不得劲,笑笑得劲。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1997年,多种抗病毒<span style="color: black;">药品</span>联合<span style="color: black;">运用</span>的“鸡尾酒疗法”成了艾滋病的标准疗法。</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">但在中国,艾滋病<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的免费<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">起始</span>于2004年</span></strong><span style="color: black;">,在这之前,<span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">关联</span><span style="color: black;">药品</span>只能靠进口,<span style="color: black;">花费</span><span style="color: black;">非常</span>昂贵,月花费在几千到上万元,穷人们很难<span style="color: black;">包袱</span>。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0EZic9p426YYX3oX8rXN9qeibQaEqaEqkgQDaqHqcyS7mB7f0L0bibMo6icQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">南边诊所的<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>告诉马深义,小孩没<span style="color: black;">期盼</span>了。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">而纪录片拍摄于2001年。</strong><span style="color: black;">无</span>什么好的治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span>,雷妹会去村西的免费诊所挂吊针,去的方式是马深义用三轮车把她送去,再用<span style="color: black;">一样</span>的方式把她接回来。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">雷妹以前的愿望很简单,这辈子有吃的、有喝的、有穿的就行。而<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>,雷妹的生活,<span style="color: black;">必须</span>直面的是“死”字。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>艾滋病,她的兄弟死了,村东边的李富<span style="color: black;">亦</span>死了,村里的空地上,一座一座的坟头冒起来了。<strong style="color: blue;">雷妹觉得自己应该<span style="color: black;">亦</span>熬<span style="color: black;">不外</span>这年冬天。</strong></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0E8RoyksDBD69d0UweZlozwqlCZicGClMb999cLRQGl9QLJIRPvua5pVw/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">雷妹<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>的愿望是<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>们能好好的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因为</span>抵抗力低下,<strong style="color: blue;">马占槽<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">始终</span>腹泻,吃东西就拉</strong>,在屋里或院子里玩的时候,他的屁股下随时可能<span style="color: black;">显现</span>一滩水样的便便。<strong style="color: blue;">马深义听人家说,出生就携带艾滋病病毒的小孩儿,只能活到4岁。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">即使还<span style="color: black;">无</span>发病,绝望下的马深义<span style="color: black;">亦</span>想到过死:“我感觉呀,我死了才最好,要按我的想法,我估计我的下半生,我这<span style="color: black;">一辈子</span>就算完了……”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">可家里还有三个年幼的<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>,他还是一天天地挺过来了。</strong>马深义没法外出打工,家里的田地一个人<span style="color: black;">亦</span>顾不全,<span style="color: black;">平常</span>开支<span style="color: black;">不足</span>,他只能时不时地去县里要点救济,有时候是100元,有时候是50元,有时候是一床被子。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0EWFk57jjuqicHE9ecNA7oPCeCSrxR6xoV9D9ibpu5vvnLicaOD2uweYl8A/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 秋天来了,是个丰收年</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">熬过夏天,到了秋天。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">体重的急速下降是艾滋病发病期的典型症状之一,雷妹更消瘦了,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>很少起身了,还有些神志不清</span></strong>,<span style="color: black;">家里的木板车<span style="color: black;">成为了</span>她的另一张“床”。秋日的下午,马深义用木板车把雷妹从屋子里“运”了出来,似乎想让她见见天光、晒晒太阳。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0ECn1CrrjKDV6l4ly9xLXo20YYlge0ibxknzrpicGsQwPMbBTmmLZv3xcA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">喂雷妹喝奶粉的马深义。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">马深义兑了些奶粉,喂给雷妹喝。喝了两口后,雷妹继续躺在木板车上,目光空洞。<strong style="color: blue;">苍蝇嗡嗡地叫唤,停留在雷妹的身上、脸上,可是她<span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>力气赶走它们。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这年是个丰收年。马家院子里堆满了丰收的玉米,在阳光的映照下呈现出暖暖的金黄。宁宁带着弟弟<span style="color: black;">mm</span>在这金黄中欢快地玩乐,欢声笑语飘荡开来。</span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0EicvBEJUY6S2GFfmJVLwsCDv0icVe199YJ5AZp6XqdQfOKN2oCRJhkrtQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">院子里的玉米堆,<span style="color: black;">成为了</span><span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>们玩乐的天堂。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在这个被艾滋病<span style="color: black;">包裹</span>的家里,<span style="color: black;">独一</span>的幸免者宁宁总是格外让人担心。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">做为</span>家里最大的<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>,宁宁会帮忙照看弟弟<span style="color: black;">mm</span>。<strong style="color: blue;">这天,她手里捧着一碗面,一边喂弟弟,一边自己吃,用的是同一双筷子。</strong></span></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0EkLeMpd87qpw5npVLcqicJrLdZziaGxEnFj8ubvf2AqUgY01q0iceHRx3A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">宁宁正在喂弟弟吃面,大大的面碗衬得宁宁的手<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>小。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">邻居东善正好来家里做客。尽管</span><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span>的生活接触,如<span style="color: black;">一起</span>吃饭、共用餐具,传染艾滋病病毒的概率基本为零,但看到这一幕的东善还是让马深义<span style="color: black;">重视</span>点</span></strong>,<span style="color: black;">最好把宁宁的碗筷隔离,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>碗买一个单独颜色的,筷子用小线绳栓一栓。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“宁宁,你知不<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>妈妈得了什么病呀?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">坐在木凳子上的宁宁摸了摸额头。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“一点都不<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“嗯……”</p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0EWFk57jjuqicHE9ecNA7oPCeCSrxR6xoV9D9ibpu5vvnLicaOD2uweYl8A/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">清冷的秋夜里,雷妹死了</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">盛夏的时候,雷妹喂马占槽喝水,让他叫“妈妈”,可那时,小家伙还不太会说话。中秋夜的时候,马占槽<span style="color: black;">已然</span>会吱吱呀呀喊爸爸了。</p>
<img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/OzOzBsQPOzBTF0P0nD8CxOpxqSeJTR0Expaqp4nUJgmlo8ia6R8rGCR49CxolszniaTR3lIZqtlMictaELqn6BToQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">雷妹曾让儿子叫“妈妈”,可那时他还不太会说话。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">可雷妹却没能等到那一声“妈”。<strong style="color: blue;">2001年农历八月三十,临近霜降,雷妹死了,死在诊所里。</strong>她离开时,马深义就在旁边,这是他这辈子<span style="color: black;">第1</span>次看人断气。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">这年的玉米五毛五一斤,家里的收成能卖五六百元。雷妹的寿衣花了一百五十元,是马深义亲手给她穿上的。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">生前,雷妹想照个大些的相片,等自己死了以后,放在桌子上。她怕不留个纪念,小孩<span style="color: black;">成长</span>了,连妈妈的照片都<span style="color: black;">无</span>。<strong style="color: blue;">可是,一切还没来得及,雷妹就走了。后来桌子上放着的是一张纸。</strong></span></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">用纸做成的牌位,上面写着“马氏妣雷妹之神位”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">马占槽小,还不<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>哭,二女儿<span style="color: black;">亦</span>不懂,之后<span style="color: black;">有些</span>天看妈妈没在家里,还问爸爸咋还不去西头诊所找妈妈。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">雷妹去世三十五天的时候,马深义带着两个女儿为她上“五七坟”。<strong style="color: blue;">烧纸钱的时候,宁宁<span style="color: black;">忽然</span>大声哭了起来。</strong></span></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">又是一年春节</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">日子过着就又到春节了,村里<span style="color: black;">起始</span>不时地响起鞭炮声,炊烟从农舍的屋顶袅袅升起,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>消散在空中。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">马深义割了十来斤肉、八九斤鱼,这是这年的年货。他还是那一身有些单薄的旧衣,却给三个<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>穿上了新衣服,他问二女儿:<strong style="color: blue;">“你<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>啥子叫过年吧?过年,吃肉,买花衣裳……”</strong></span></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">过年了,<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>们穿上了鲜艳的新衣服。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">宁宁的成绩单<span style="color: black;">亦</span>下来了,新的一学期,她是班里的第五名。夏天的时候,马深义曾说,要是宁宁年底能考个八九<span style="color: black;">非常</span>,就给她买个新书包。而此时,卧室墙上挂着的红色新书包格外抢眼。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">家里刚办过丧事,依据习俗,门联儿什么的还<span style="color: black;">不可</span>用红色的纸写,于是家门口挂上了新的、紫色底的门联儿,屋里<span style="color: black;">亦</span>贴上了<strong style="color: blue;">“满园春色”、“出门见喜”、“身体健康”</strong>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">点燃鞭炮,噼里啪啦一阵,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>饺子下锅,新的一年又<span style="color: black;">起始</span>了。</span></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">“蛇年过去了,马占槽在这一年里,<span style="color: black;">最终</span>学会了直立行走,而这个家庭中<span style="color: black;">独一</span>的幸存者,他的大姐马宁宁,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>在这一年里<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>了什么叫艾滋病,<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>了什么叫生死<span style="color: black;">拜别</span>。”</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;">你看见<span style="color: black;">衰破</span>,你看见死亡,你看见平凡而又离奇的人生,你<span style="color: black;">亦</span>看见马深义抱着<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>在好好过。</strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“什么是艾滋病?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“一种传染的病,传染……”宁宁抱着弟弟回答到。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“这病可怕不可怕?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“可怕。”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“你<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>弟弟是不是艾滋病?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“是的。”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“<span style="color: black;">mm</span>呢?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“是的。”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“爸爸呢?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“是的。”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“你呢?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“不是的。”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“是谁告诉你的?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“俺爸。”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“你<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>妈妈因<span style="color: black;">为何</span>死吗?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“<span style="color: black;">生病</span>。”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“什么病?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“爱死病。”(因人容易死去,当时会这么<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>呼艾滋病)</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“你不怕弟弟<span style="color: black;">mm</span>传染你?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“不怕。”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“<span style="color: black;">为何</span>?”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">“……”</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">后记:</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">纪录片《好死不如赖活着》拍摄于2001~2002年。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1998年10月,《中华人民共和国<span style="color: black;">捐血</span>法》实施,2006年3月,《血站管理办法》施行,</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">这一系列血液安全管理法律法规的颁布,有效遏制了采血、供血中的艾滋病传播。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">2004年,中国正式施行“四免一关怀”政策</strong></span><span style="color: black;">——“免费抗病毒治疗、免费自愿咨询检测、免费母婴阻断、艾滋病遗孤免费就学以及对艾滋病<span style="color: black;">病人</span>家庭实施关怀救助”。<strong style="color: blue;">这个政策是艾滋病防治最有力的政策之一。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">随着新<span style="color: black;">药品</span>以及新疗法的<span style="color: black;">持续</span><span style="color: black;">面世</span>,<strong style="color: blue;">艾滋病<span style="color: black;">已然</span>从当初的不治之症转化为了可控的慢性病</strong>,<span style="color: black;">药品</span><span style="color: black;">花费</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>大幅降低。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而<span style="color: black;">针对</span>纪录片中的这一家人,从2004年起,<strong style="color: blue;">《南方<span style="color: black;">名人</span>周刊》会每年对<span style="color: black;">她们</span>进行回访</strong>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">纪录片拍摄10年后的2011年,大女儿19岁,二女儿和小儿子分别读初一和小学四年级,并<span style="color: black;">无</span>像马深义之前听说的那样“只能活4岁”。<strong style="color: blue;">在<span style="color: black;">每日</span><span style="color: black;">吃下</span>抗艾滋病<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,两个<span style="color: black;">孩儿</span>除了容易感冒之外,<span style="color: black;">无</span>别的症状。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">最后一次回访是在2016年,马深义<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>,不想再每年被揭一次伤疤,于是<span style="color: black;">连续</span>12年的<span style="color: black;">跟踪</span>结束。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">尽管我国艾滋病防治工作取得了<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的成效,但这个<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>并未离<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>远去。2021年,全国共报告艾滋病发病数60154例,死亡19623人。其中,艾滋病报告死亡人数居甲乙类传<span style="color: black;">患病</span>榜首。艾滋病病毒携带者,依然是被恐惧、被误解的一群人,<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">她们</span>和这种<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>都<span style="color: black;">必须</span><span style="color: black;">更加多</span>的理解,艾滋病防治<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>每一个人的<span style="color: black;">一起</span><span style="color: black;">奋斗</span></strong>。</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">文中<span style="color: black;">照片</span>均截图自纪录片《好死不如赖活着》,B站可观看。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">作者:黎小球</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">编辑:odette</span></p><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
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你的见解独到,让我受益匪浅,非常感谢。 你的见解独到,让我受益匪浅,非常感谢。
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