心衰日专家访谈|周蕾:心力衰竭的临床表现和预后状况
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">为<span style="color: black;">创立</span>并推广心衰规范化诊疗及全方位管理体系,<span style="color: black;">加强</span>全民对心力衰竭的关注和认知,由国家心血管病中心,中国医师协会<span style="color: black;">准许</span>,中国医学科学院阜外医院张健教授,张宇辉教授及其团队于2015年倡议并发起:将每年的11月26日定为“全国心力衰竭日”,在<span style="color: black;">迄今</span>8年的时间里得到中国医师协会心力衰竭专业委员会、国家心血管病中心心力衰竭专病医联体、《中华心力衰竭和心肌病杂志》等<span style="color: black;">关联</span><span style="color: black;">公司</span>联合组织并参与心衰日的系列活动。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">今年,365医学网策划《全国心力衰竭日—关注心衰 <span style="color: black;">保护</span>心脏》系列专家访谈,邀请国内知名的心血管专家分享心力衰竭的专业知识和经验,解答关于心衰的疑问!</strong></span></p><span style="color: black;">
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<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">心力衰竭是一种<span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span>的<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>,是所有心脏<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>的最后“入海口”,给<span style="color: black;">病人</span>及其家庭乃至<span style="color: black;">全部</span>社会都带来沉重的<span style="color: black;">包袱</span>。在临床中,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">常常</span>对心力衰竭缺乏足够的关注和<span style="color: black;">注意</span>,<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">仅有</span>在症状加剧到<span style="color: black;">必定</span>程度时才会<span style="color: black;">导致</span>关注。然而,<span style="color: black;">此时</span><span style="color: black;">常常</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">错失</span>了治疗的最佳<span style="color: black;">机会</span>。祖国传统医学注重“上医治未病”,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">也</span>应如此。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>在<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">周期</span>对其临床表现进行准确的识别和判别,并且应该尽早到医院进行<span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">或</span>加强与<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的沟通与合作。这<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的治愈率和改善预后<span style="color: black;">拥有</span><span style="color: black;">要紧</span><span style="color: black;">道理</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">心力衰竭在<span style="color: black;">初期</span><span style="color: black;">一般</span>会表现为<span style="color: black;">显著</span>的乏力。如,<span style="color: black;">本来</span>能<span style="color: black;">容易</span>走500米的路程,<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>走100米就感到疲倦和气促;<span style="color: black;">或</span>过去能够毫不费力地爬三四层楼梯,而<span style="color: black;">此刻</span>爬至二楼便<span style="color: black;">必须</span>停下来<span style="color: black;">休憩</span>、喘气。这些都是不容<span style="color: black;">忽略</span>的<span style="color: black;">剧烈</span>信号。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">心力衰竭<span style="color: black;">能够</span>分为左心衰竭和右心衰竭两种类型。</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">左心衰竭的表现</span></strong><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">包含</span>之前<span style="color: black;">说到</span>的<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难:起初是在活动后感到气喘,随着病情加重,可能连走几步都<span style="color: black;">必须</span>停下来<span style="color: black;">休憩</span>;进一步加重时,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>在室内走动都感到吃力;最严重时,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>可能即使躺在床上<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>坐起来<span style="color: black;">才可</span>缓解喘息。在心力衰竭急性<span style="color: black;">爆发</span>期,<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">乃至</span><span style="color: black;">没</span>法躺下,只能坐着或趴着来缓解<span style="color: black;">呼气</span>困难。这些症状都是左心衰竭的典型表现。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">右心衰竭的症状</span></strong><span style="color: black;">则可能<span style="color: black;">首要</span>表现为食欲不振,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>可能会感到胃部不适,误以为自己<span style="color: black;">身患</span>胃病;<span style="color: black;">另外</span>,还可能<span style="color: black;">显现</span>下肢肿胀,随着时间推移肿胀程度加剧。当然,并不是说<span style="color: black;">显现</span>这两个症状就能确定为右心功能衰竭,但当症状<span style="color: black;">逐步</span>加重,<span style="color: black;">或</span>有心脏病史时,<span style="color: black;">意见</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>前往医院寻求<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>的诊断和鉴别。<span style="color: black;">这般</span>做<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在<span style="color: black;">初期</span>就识别出心脏功能的恶化或潜在的不良转归,为后续的治疗起到很好的<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span><span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">值得一提的是,随着医疗技术的进步,心衰<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的预后<span style="color: black;">已然</span>比过去有了<span style="color: black;">明显</span>改善。但<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">欠妥</span>,<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">最后</span>可能<span style="color: black;">必须</span>进行心脏移植,这<span style="color: black;">针对</span>大<span style="color: black;">都数</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">来讲</span>是难以实现的。<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上,若不进行妥善治疗,心衰<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的预后可能比肿瘤<span style="color: black;">病人</span>还要糟糕。<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">必要</span>强调规范化治疗的至关<span style="color: black;">要紧</span>性,以<span style="color: black;">保证</span>心衰<span style="color: black;">病人</span>能够<span style="color: black;">得到</span>最佳的治疗效果和生活质量。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">如诊断出心力衰竭或心脏功能<span style="color: black;">不良</span>的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,就要进行规范化的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗。<span style="color: black;">首要</span>,<span style="color: black;">病人</span>应该注重改善生活习惯、<span style="color: black;">调节</span><span style="color: black;">平常</span>生活方式;其次,结合规律性的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗,并与<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>保持<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>互动,<span style="color: black;">定时</span>前往门诊接受<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>对<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗<span style="color: black;">方法</span>的<span style="color: black;">调节</span>及健康状态的综合<span style="color: black;">评定</span>,这非常有助于改善<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的预后。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在急性心衰的治疗中,<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>在医院的监护下进行。<span style="color: black;">大夫</span>会<span style="color: black;">经过</span>静脉给药,<span style="color: black;">运用</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>能够<span style="color: black;">提高</span>血压和<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>血容量的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>来进行紧急处理。<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">哪些</span>对西药不耐受<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">必须</span>进一步治疗的<span style="color: black;">病人</span>,可以<span style="color: black;">思虑</span>联合<span style="color: black;">运用</span>中医的生脉类<span style="color: black;">药品</span>,这种中西医结合的综合治疗<span style="color: black;">办法</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">提高</span>急性心衰的<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>率。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>慢性心衰而言,治疗的重点则在于<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>规范的<span style="color: black;">药品</span>治疗。<span style="color: black;">日前</span>的治疗指南<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>了四种<span style="color: black;">药品</span>的联合<span style="color: black;">运用</span>。<span style="color: black;">这里</span><span style="color: black;">基本</span>上,中医药黄芪、人参等<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">已然</span><span style="color: black;">得到</span>了强有力的循证医学证据,这些中药联合西药<span style="color: black;">一块</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>,以进一步改善病人的愈后。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">总之,治疗心衰应强调<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>、规范的治疗和<span style="color: black;">定时</span>的门诊随访,<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">加强</span>心衰<span style="color: black;">病人</span>的愈后有很好的<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>。</span></strong></p><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/sibe06ZxsBv8ggRGlVMmvYuJ54PoCW0Z8MZh6aMp5aVdBhyQwPrGmicv8Bdv4xLdOTrdZrGu6ORE7evibJwduXemw/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/sibe06ZxsBv9pDM8A6oZELdykTNxiasq4jxaN3AUbqXo0fT8emia5nVETy5kMl5gicXNibJFcSVx6icibiauY3uicn47v2g/640?wx_fmt=gif&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/sibe06ZxsBv9pDM8A6oZELdykTNxiasq4jxaN3AUbqXo0fT8emia5nVETy5kMl5gicXNibJFcSVx6icibiauY3uicn47v2g/640?wx_fmt=gif&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/sibe06ZxsBv9pDM8A6oZELdykTNxiasq4jxaN3AUbqXo0fT8emia5nVETy5kMl5gicXNibJFcSVx6icibiauY3uicn47v2g/640?wx_fmt=gif&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">专家简介</strong></span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/sibe06ZxsBv93jbQheeZUPyxGVicrpR0HVeeNiazBQaBgPwHicpsiapAmqPUiawGsNzl7S2ZDibGQD7ydgTWRtWhZIRYg/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">周蕾教授</strong></span><span style="color: black;">江苏省人民医院(南京医科大学<span style="color: black;">第1</span><span style="color: black;">附庸</span>医院)</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">点击进入专家个人空间</strong></a></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">周蕾,南京医科大学<span style="color: black;">第1</span><span style="color: black;">附庸</span>医院心血管内科,医学博士,教授、<span style="color: black;">专家</span>医师、博士生导师,江苏省医学重点人才,江苏省六大高峰人才,江苏省<span style="color: black;">教育</span>名师。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">江苏省医师协会心力衰竭专业委员会候任<span style="color: black;">专家</span>委员,江苏省医学会心血管分会委员暨心血管影像学组组长,中国医师协会心力衰竭专业委员会委员,国家心力衰竭医联体江苏省<span style="color: black;">指点</span>委员会秘书长,国家心血管病专家委员会心力衰竭专业委员会委员,江苏省医师协会全科分会委员。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">主持国家自然科学基金6项,省厅级课题5项。以<span style="color: black;">第1</span>/通讯作者<span style="color: black;">发布</span>SCI<span style="color: black;">文案</span>40余篇。主编、副主编全日制本科规划教材、江苏省高校重点教材5部。主持/参与获教育部科技进步一等奖和省部级奖3项。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">专业方向:心衰的<span style="color: black;">基本</span>与临床<span style="color: black;">科研</span>,炎症性心肌病/糖尿病心肌<span style="color: black;">损害</span>,心脏超声的临床应用。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">往期回顾>></strong></span>
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我完全同意你的观点,说得太对了。 “沙发”(SF,第一个回帖的人) 我赞同你的看法,你的智慧让人佩服,谢谢分享。 你的见解独到,让我受益匪浅,非常感谢。 你的见解独到,让我受益匪浅,非常感谢。
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