tw4ld6 发表于 2024-6-15 10:44:07

2018全世界癌症统计报告出炉！死亡率排名前三的癌症怎么样应对？

别放弃治疗，速速点<span style="color: black;">蓝字</span>关注<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/CwkERAMhICxTYib6KjBEa4pFACh5vzG1VbvWQUUMFCeXjcbnobGiaYEW2xzn6IsNfA5UyuBySB0oy6Orbh92NtpA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;">
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2018年9月12日，<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>知名的CA杂志（影响因子：244.585）<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>了最新的<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>癌症统计报告，覆盖185个国家、36种癌症的发病率和死亡率。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/CwkERAMhICxTYib6KjBEa4pFACh5vzG1VkmK2pRjC38uI4srEZUrI1C5pjMEeVBQJm1DdG44rEQqmVophoY1AIA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">到2018年，估计将有1810万新癌症病例和960万癌症死亡病例。在两性中，肺癌是最常诊断的癌症（11.6％），<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是癌症死亡的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>（占癌症总死亡人数的18.4％），发病率紧随其后的是女性乳腺癌（11.6％），前列腺癌（7.1％）和结直肠癌（6.1％），死亡率紧随其后的是结直肠癌（9.2％），胃癌（8.2％）和肝癌（8.2％）。<span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>看到，肺癌在<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>范围内仍然是最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的癌症，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是男性癌症死亡的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">全世界</span>癌症统计报告覆盖癌症种类</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">全世界</span>癌症发病率和死亡率正在<span style="color: black;">快速</span>增长。<span style="color: black;">原由</span>很<span style="color: black;">繁杂</span>，既反映了人口的老龄化和增长，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>反映了癌症<span style="color: black;">重点</span>危险<span style="color: black;">原因</span>的流行和分布的变化，其中<span style="color: black;">有些</span>与社会经济发展<span style="color: black;">相关</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">这次</span>报告新的癌症病例和癌症死亡人数是从GLOBOCAN 2018数据库中提取，用于所有癌症的组合和36种癌症类型：唇，口腔（C00） -C06）;&nbsp;唾液腺（C07-C08）;&nbsp;口咽（C09-C10）;&nbsp;鼻咽（C11）;&nbsp;下咽部（C12-C13）;&nbsp;食道（C15）;&nbsp;胃（C16）;&nbsp;结肠（C18）;&nbsp;直肠（C19-C20）;&nbsp;肛门（C21）;&nbsp;肝脏（C22，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>肝内胆管）;&nbsp;胆囊（C23-C24，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>肝外导管）;&nbsp;胰腺（C25）;&nbsp;喉（C32）;&nbsp;肺（C33-C34，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>气管和支气管）;&nbsp;皮肤黑色素瘤（C43）;&nbsp;NMSC（C44，不<span style="color: black;">包含</span>基底细胞癌的发病率）;&nbsp;间皮瘤（C45）;&nbsp;卡波西肉瘤（C46）;&nbsp;女性乳房（C50）;&nbsp;外阴（C51）;&nbsp;阴道（C52）;&nbsp;宫颈子宫（C53）;&nbsp;子宫体（C54）;&nbsp;卵巢（C56）;&nbsp;阴茎（C60）;&nbsp;前列腺（C61）;&nbsp;睾丸（C62）;&nbsp;肾（C64-C65，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>肾盂）;&nbsp;膀胱（C67）;&nbsp;脑，中枢神经系统（C70-C72）;&nbsp;甲状腺（C73）;&nbsp;霍奇金淋巴瘤（C81）;&nbsp;非霍奇金淋巴瘤（C82-C86和C96）;&nbsp;多发性骨髓瘤（C88和C90，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>免疫增殖性<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>）;&nbsp;和白血病（C91-C95）。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">世界区域和癌症类型的病例和死亡分布</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">估计2018年<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>将有1810万新病例和960万癌症死亡病历。图3<span style="color: black;">表示</span>了<span style="color: black;">按照</span>男性和女性的两种性别的男性和女性的世界范围的全癌发病率和死亡率的分布。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/CwkERAMhICxTYib6KjBEa4pFACh5vzG1Vt9ZuuJgGFCCwjDUP7hzrLVUibshex7X7Hswft5tOV8RriallNJUMicMibQ/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">图1展示了2018年世界地区的病例和死亡分布<span style="color: black;">状况</span>（A）两性，（B）男性和（C）女性。<span style="color: black;">针对</span><span style="color: black;">每一个</span>性别，饼图的面积反映了病例或死亡总数的比例。资料<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：GLOBOCAN 2018。</span></strong></span></p>癌症类型新发病例死亡病例<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肺</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2,093,876</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（11.6）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1,761,007（18.4）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">乳房</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2,088,849</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（11.6）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">626,679</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（6.6）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">前列腺</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1,276,106</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（7.1）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">358,989</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3.8）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">结肠</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1,096,601</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（6.1）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">551,269</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（5.8）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">皮肤癌非黑色素瘤</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1,042,056</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（5.8）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">65,155</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.7）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">胃</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1,033,701</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（5.7）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">782,685</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（8.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肝</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">841,080</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（4.7）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">781,631</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（8.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">直肠</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">704,376</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3.9）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">310,394</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">食管</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">572,034</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">508,585</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（5.3）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">宫颈子宫</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">569,847</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">311,365</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3.3）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">甲状腺</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">567,233</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3.1）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">41,071</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.4）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">膀胱</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">549,393</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3.0）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">199,922</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2.1）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非霍奇金淋巴瘤</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">509,590</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2.8）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">248,724</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2.6）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">胰腺</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">458,918</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2.5）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">432,242</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（4.5）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">白血病</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">437,033</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2.4）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">309,006</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（3.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肾</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">403,262</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">175,098</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.8）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">子宫颈</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">382,069</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2.1）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">89,929</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.9）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">唇，口腔</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">354,864</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2.0）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">177,384</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.9）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">大脑，神经系统</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">296,851</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.6）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">241,037</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（2.5）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">子房</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">295,414</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.6）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">184,799</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.9）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">皮肤黑色素瘤</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">287,723</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.6）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">60,712</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.6）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">胆囊</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">219,420</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">165,087</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.7）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">喉</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">177,422</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.0）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">94,771</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.0）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">多发性骨髓瘤</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">159,985</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.9）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">106,105</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（1.1）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">鼻咽</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">129,079</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.7）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">72,987</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.8）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">口咽</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">92,887</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.5）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">51,005</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.5）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">下咽</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">80,608</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.4）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">34,984</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.4）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">霍奇金淋巴瘤</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">79,990</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.4）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">26,167</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.3）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">睾丸</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">71,105</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.4）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">9,507</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.1）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">唾液腺</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">52,799</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.3）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">22,176</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">肛门</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">48,541</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.3）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">19,129</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">外阴</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">43,435</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">15,222</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">卡波西肉瘤</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">41,799</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">19,902</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">阴茎</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">34,47</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">15,13</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.2％）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">间皮瘤</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">30,44</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.2）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">25,576</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.3）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">阴道</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">17,600</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.1）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">8,062</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">（0.1）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">表1.&nbsp;2018年结合的36种癌症和所有癌症的新病例和死亡病例。资料<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：GLOBOCAN 2018。</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/CwkERAMhICxTYib6KjBEa4pFACh5vzG1VGavpeBF6DcyffqPOc0XVsHHL8e1oSMBjhZKNmmzM97rLyObHnV1XMA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">图2<span style="color: black;">表示</span>了世界范围内男性和女性死亡率排名前十的癌症类型。在两性中，肺癌是最常诊断的癌症（占总病例的11.6％）和癌症死亡的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>（占癌症总死亡人数的18.4％），发病率紧随其后的是女性乳腺癌（11.6％），结直肠癌癌症（10.2％）和前列腺癌（7.1％），死亡率紧随其后的是结直肠癌（9.2％），胃癌（8.2％）和肝癌（8.2％）。</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在男性中，肺癌是最常诊断的癌症，<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是死亡的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>，发病率其次是前列腺癌和结肠直肠癌，死亡率其次是肝癌和胃癌。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在女性中，乳腺癌是最常诊断的癌症，是癌症死亡的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>，发病率其次是结直肠癌和肺癌，死亡率其次是宫颈癌。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">全世界</span>癌症趋势分析</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">发病率：</span><span style="color: black;">前列腺癌是105个国家中男性最常被诊断的癌症，其次为肺癌（37个国家），肝癌（13个国家）。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>女性，乳腺癌是绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>（154个）国家女性的最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>癌症，其次是宫颈癌（28个国家）。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/CwkERAMhICxTYib6KjBEa4pFACh5vzG1V7OnGP8l7Pr6BnGVbiaDSG5j8lmrZ6ibk8zG2AodiamJib7Y65O8GmqqueA/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">图3：最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的癌症发病率（A）男性和（B）女性。资料<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：GLOBOCAN 2018。</strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">针对</span>癌症死亡来讲，肺癌是93个国家男性最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的癌症死因，其次是前列腺癌（46个国家）、肝癌（20个国家）。<span style="color: black;">针对</span>癌症死亡来讲，乳腺癌和宫颈癌分别为103个国家和42个国家的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>癌症死因，再次是肺癌（28个国家）</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/CwkERAMhICxTYib6KjBEa4pFACh5vzG1Vfe6D7w7kgkvD3Qibnh11icPz4FnQcYcxyEzXoibrjRU665aqIJxPsUYJw/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">图4<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>地图在2018年（A）男性和（B）女性中呈现最<span style="color: black;">平常</span>的癌症死亡率类型。资料<span style="color: black;">源自</span>：GLOBOCAN 2018。</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">世界各地的癌症发病率和死亡率</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">全世界</span>整体癌症发病率来讲，男性要高于女性（年龄标化率(ASR)：218.6/10万 vs 182.6/10万）。<span style="color: black;">一样</span>，男性的癌症死亡率<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要高于女性（122.7/10万 vs 83.1/10万）。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">原文表3总结了36种癌症的新发病例数、死亡数、年龄标化发病率和死亡率、以及<span style="color: black;">出现</span>或死于该癌症的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>范围来讲，到75岁<span style="color: black;">之前，<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌症的累积<span style="color: black;">危害</span>为21.4%，死于癌症的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>为17.7%。5名男性中有1名，<span style="color: black;">或</span>6名女性中有1名，会<span style="color: black;">出现</span>癌症；8名男性中有1名，<span style="color: black;">或</span>10名女性中有1名，会死于癌症。</span></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/CwkERAMhICxTYib6KjBEa4pFACh5vzG1V4LTBQVL8ov7rEARndhoaqBRbdEowFWuxjBibtpm4NfwZ6tE84jFvPnQ/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/CwkERAMhICxTYib6KjBEa4pFACh5vzG1Vro4sTO2Lxly9W2CMlHsiaN80vFaM9KiakYWsqiamPyialMEIiby5iaHd2VtA/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">全世界</span>三大高发癌症的预防筛查指南</p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">1、</span>肺癌</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在世界范围内，肺癌仍然是癌症发病率和死亡率的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>，预计2018年将有210万新肺癌病例和180万人死亡，占癌症死亡人数的近五分之一（18.4％）。在男性中，肺癌是东欧，西亚（<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是前苏联），北非以及东亚（中国）和东南亚（如缅甸、<span style="color: black;">菲律宾和印度尼西亚</span>）等特定国家的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>死亡<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在女性，肺癌是在28个国家的首要死亡<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。值得<span style="color: black;">重视</span>的是，中国女性的发病率（每10万人中有22.8人）与几个西欧国家（例如法国中的女性发病率<span style="color: black;">无</span>差异，尽管两个人群之间的吸烟率差异很大）。中国女性的高肺癌发病率尽管吸烟率低，但因加热和烹饪木炭燃烧而<span style="color: black;">增多</span>的烟雾暴露<span style="color: black;">引起</span>肺癌高发。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">举荐</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>：</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;">胸片、低剂量螺旋CT、肺癌易感基因检测</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">高危人群：</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1. <span style="color: black;">长时间</span>受环境污染，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>吸烟者、吸二手烟（被动吸烟）者；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2. 慢性肺部<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>（肺结核、矽肺、尘肺等）；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3. 人<span style="color: black;">身体</span>在<span style="color: black;">原因</span>（如家族遗传、免疫机能降低以及内分泌功能失调等）。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">筛查指南：</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当前或过去吸烟者，年龄在55~74岁，身体健康，<span style="color: black;">最少</span>有30包-年的吸烟史[<span style="color: black;">每日</span>吸烟量（包）×年数（年）≥30]</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>：低剂量螺旋CT</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">符合以下<span style="color: black;">前提</span>的成年人应每年筛查：</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">当前吸烟或戒烟年数不到15年；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">最少</span>有30包-年吸烟史；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>当前吸烟，应接受循证戒烟咨询；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">经过知情/<span style="color: black;">一起</span>决策，其中<span style="color: black;">包含</span>低剂量CT筛查潜在益处、局限性和<span style="color: black;">害处</span>的<span style="color: black;">关联</span>信息；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">能够</span>在进行过<span style="color: black;">海量</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>的高质量肺癌筛查和治疗中心接受筛查。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2、</span>女性乳腺癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>范围内，2018年将有大约210万新诊断的女性乳腺癌病例，占女性中四分之一的癌症病例。该<span style="color: black;">疾患</span>是绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>国家中最常被诊断出的癌症（185个中的154个），<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是100多个国家癌症死亡的<span style="color: black;">重点</span><span style="color: black;">原由</span>;。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">筛查指南：</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">年龄在40到44岁之间的女性，<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">选取</span>性的每年进行乳腺X光筛查；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">45至54岁的女性&nbsp;&nbsp;每年应该进行乳腺X线<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">55岁及以上的女性&nbsp;&nbsp;应每2年进行一次乳房X光<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>继续每年一次筛查。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">只要身体健康并且预计再活10年或更<span style="color: black;">长期</span>，筛查就应该继续进行。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">所有女性都应该熟悉与乳腺癌筛查<span style="color: black;">关联</span>的已知益处，局限性和潜在<span style="color: black;">害处</span>。&nbsp;</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">女性<span style="color: black;">亦</span>应该<span style="color: black;">晓得</span>乳房<span style="color: black;">一般</span>的外观和感觉，并在<span style="color: black;">显现</span>任何变化时<span style="color: black;">即时</span>就诊。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">有些</span>女性 - <span style="color: black;">因为</span>其家族史，遗传倾向或某些其他<span style="color: black;">原因</span> - 应该用MRI和乳房X线进行筛查。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">3、</span>结直肠癌</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">估计2018年将<span style="color: black;">出现</span>180多万例新的结直肠癌病例和881,000例死亡病例，约占10例癌症病例和死亡病例。总体而言，结直肠癌的发病率排名第三，但死亡率排名第二。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">发病率的<span style="color: black;">提升</span> - <span style="color: black;">尤其</span>指向<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>模式，<span style="color: black;">肥壮</span>和生活方式<span style="color: black;">原因</span>的影响，充分的证据<span style="color: black;">显示</span>，加工过的肉类，酒精饮料和脂肪<span style="color: black;">增多</span>了风险，而运动可降低<span style="color: black;">危害</span>（仅限结肠）。红色或加工肉类<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>与结肠癌<span style="color: black;">危害</span><span style="color: black;">增多</span><span style="color: black;">相关</span>，但与直肠癌<span style="color: black;">没</span>关。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">举荐</span><span style="color: black;">检测</span>：</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>、肛门指诊<span style="color: black;">检测</span>、结直肠癌易感基因检测</p>

    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">高危人群：</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1. <span style="color: black;">长时间</span>摄入高脂、高蛋白、高热量<span style="color: black;">食品</span>的人；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2. 40岁以上，<span style="color: black;">长时间</span>摄入酒精、油炸食品等；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3. 有慢性溃疡性结肠炎、大肠腺瘤、家族性结肠腺瘤病、大肠息肉等慢性溃疡性结肠炎者；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4. 有大肠癌家族史者。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">筛查指南：</span></strong></span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">年龄在45~75岁之间的男性和女性</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">检测</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>：</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">粪便免疫化学<span style="color: black;">实验</span>（FIT）[每年]；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">或高灵敏度愈创木脂粪便隐血<span style="color: black;">实验</span>（HSgFOBT）[每年]；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">或多靶点粪便DNA检测（mt-sDNA）[每3年]；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">或结肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>[每10年]；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">或CT结肠<span style="color: black;">影像</span>（CTC）[每5年]；</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">或软式乙状结肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>（FS）[每5年]</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">年龄在45岁及以上的成年人，应<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的偏好和检测的可及性进行<span style="color: black;">定时</span>筛查，<span style="color: black;">包含</span>高灵敏度粪便检测或结直肠结构（视觉）<span style="color: black;">检测</span>。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">非结肠镜筛查<span style="color: black;">实验</span>的所有阳性结果都应<span style="color: black;">即时</span>进行结肠镜<span style="color: black;">检测</span>，这应<span style="color: black;">做为</span>筛查过程的一部分。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">健康<span style="color: black;">情况</span>良好，预期寿命大于10年的成年人应继续筛查至75岁。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">76~85岁的男性和女性</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">应<span style="color: black;">按照</span><span style="color: black;">病人</span>的偏好、预期寿命、健康<span style="color: black;">情况</span>和既往筛查史，进行个体化的筛查决策。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>决定继续筛查，可按<span style="color: black;">以上</span>筛查<span style="color: black;">方法</span>进行。</span></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">年龄＞85岁的男性和女性</span></strong></p>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">详细</span><span style="color: black;">意见</span>：不<span style="color: black;">意见</span>继续进行筛查。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">参考资料：</span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3322/caac.21492</span></strong></span></p>
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    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version=1.0 encoding=UTF-8%3F%3E%3Csvg width=1px height=1px viewBox=0 0 1 1 version=1.1 xmlns=http://www.w3.org/2000/svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink%3E%3Ctitle%3E%3C/title%3E%3Cg stroke=none stroke-width=1 fill=none fill-rule=evenodd fill-opacity=0%3E%3Cg transform=translate(-249.000000, -126.000000) fill=%23FFFFFF%3E%3Crect x=249 y=126 width=1 height=1%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>【延伸阅读】<span style="color: black;">1.</span><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">美国癌症<span style="color: black;">科研</span>院：详解20种真正的抗癌<span style="color: black;">食品</span>！（2018更新）</span></a><span style="color: black;">2.</span><a style="color: black;">干货|PD-1K药、O药、T药、B药、I药用药信息大汇总！</a><span style="color: black;">3.<a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">美国<span style="color: black;">颁布</span>第三版癌症预防报告：迄今为止最全面的<span style="color: black;">膳食</span>、营养、运动<span style="color: black;">意见</span></span></a>（<span style="color: black;">包括</span>14种癌症）</span><span style="color: black;">4.</span><span style="color: black;"><a style="color: black;">五年<span style="color: black;">存活</span>率翻倍！两种新型肺癌疫苗为四期<span style="color: black;">病人</span>带来<span style="color: black;">存活</span><span style="color: black;">期盼</span>！</a></span>精选<span style="color: black;">文案</span><a style="color: black;">基因检测</a><a style="color: black;">质子治疗</a><a style="color: black;">电场治疗</a><a style="color: black;">brolico</a><a style="color: black;">私人订制益生菌</a><a style="color: black;">古巴肺癌疫苗</a><a style="color: black;">抗癌快讯</a><span style="color: black;">每日</span>传递最新抗癌<span style="color: black;">发展</span><a style="color: black;">抗癌商城</a>接受<span style="color: black;">全世界</span>最新抗癌技术治疗<a style="color: black;">抗癌之家</a>加入癌友群，并肩作战<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>为癌症<span style="color: black;">病人</span><span style="color: black;">供给</span></span></strong></span>
    <p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><a style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">全世界</span><span style="color: black;">看病</span>-快速预约，接受抗癌新技术治疗</a></p>
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星☆雨 发表于 2024-8-26 01:29:20

对于这个问题，我有不同的看法...

ikkhksvu 发表于 2024-8-29 18:28:37

楼主果然英明！不得不赞美你一下！

mugong 发表于 2024-9-2 14:42:47

期待你更多的精彩评论，一起交流学习。

wrjc1hod 发表于 2024-10-16 23:41:39

我深受你的启发，你的话语是我前进的动力。

j8typz 发表于 2024-10-24 17:05:56

“沙发”（SF，第一个回帖的人）‌

wrjc1hod 发表于 2024-10-28 02:19:25

论坛外链网http://www.fok120.com/

nykek5i 发表于 2024-10-28 07:01:17

谷歌外链发布 http://www.fok120.com/

nykek5i 发表于 2024-11-1 12:09:06

论坛外链网http://www.fok120.com/

7wu1wm0 发表于 2024-11-9 14:16:19

外贸B2B平台有哪些？
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