贸易害处小细节大损失,外贸培训班专家整理最全提单知识,值得保藏!
<strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">认识</span>提单 <span style="color: black;"></span><span style="color: black;"></span><span style="color: black;"></span><span style="color: black;"></span></span></strong><p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">提单BILL OF LADING(B/L)就<span style="color: black;">表率</span>货物,<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要对提单有足够的<span style="color: black;">认识</span>。 海运提单信息的重要性<span style="color: black;">不问可知</span>,如有差错,轻则改单,重则罚金。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>提单确认是很重要的一个环节。但细细数来,<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>出错<span style="color: black;">常常</span>是在不起眼的小问题上。本文就提单确认的关键点和容易出错的<span style="color: black;">地区</span>总结一下,为<span style="color: black;">大众</span>所参考。同时,<span style="color: black;">文案</span>还整理了关于提单<span style="color: black;">归类</span>、基本知识和<span style="color: black;">重视</span>点、提单发放形式、装箱<span style="color: black;">状况</span>、<span style="color: black;">平常</span>问题等。<span style="color: black;">另一</span>,提醒<span style="color: black;">大众</span>千万不可小觑提单<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">提单信息核对<span style="color: black;">重视</span>事项<span style="color: black;"></span></span></strong></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">1、基本信息核对认真核对提单上的基本信息<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>正确,如发货人、收货人、<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人、港口、唛头、品名、箱数、重量、体积、运费预付还是到付有<span style="color: black;">无</span>错误等等。</p>
<span style="color: black;">2、信用证条款信用证条款下,还要<span style="color: black;">认识</span>信用证上对提单的特殊<span style="color: black;">需求</span>,<span style="color: black;">以避免</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span>不符。</span><span style="color: black;">3、标点符号提单以英文来标识信息,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>标点符号经常会被忽略或弄错, 如<span style="color: black;">机构</span>名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>中:CO.,LTD.中的标点经常会被漏掉,还有冒号和分号的区别,<span style="color: black;">tel</span>国家号前+号的省略等。</span><span style="color: black;">4、英文拼写英文拼写的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>和<span style="color: black;">位置</span>拼写<span style="color: black;">常常</span>比较长,常常会字母颠倒或错漏一两个字母,审单时看不出来,等到信用证审核时却会被指出不符,得不偿失。</span><span style="color: black;">5、条款慎用发货人或收货人 <span style="color: black;">运用</span>On behalf 条款时,只能代一个<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,但不可代多个,且<span style="color: black;">重视</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span>前后颠倒。</span><span style="color: black;">6、包装单位包装单位<span style="color: black;">尽可能</span>细化,能用cartons<span style="color: black;">不消</span>packages。<span style="color: black;">同期</span>要分清客户<span style="color: black;">供给</span>过来的包装数中哪个是总包装数,哪个是分包装数,<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>混淆。以防后续船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>提出异议或海关报关数据不符,<span style="color: black;">导致</span>潜在<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">7、数量拼写<span style="color: black;">重视</span>英文数字拼写和阿拉伯数字的对应,有时候<span style="color: black;">常常</span>看到阿拉伯数字就默认ok了,可是没想到英文的数量却不对,如FIFTY-FIVE(50)CARTONS ONLY!</span><span style="color: black;">8、内陆港口转运条款目的地为内陆港口的,<span style="color: black;">重视</span>转运条款<span style="color: black;">关联</span>描述的备注。如"THC AT DESTINATION PORT ON CONSIGNEE’S ACCOUNT" “CARGO IN TRANSIT FROM XXXX TO XXXX,EFFECTED BY CONSIGNEE AND FOR CONSIGNEES RISKS AND ACCOUNTS”。不可省略!</span><span style="color: black;">9、毛重和体积除了要核对客户给的数据<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>一致,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>客人<span style="color: black;">供给</span>的数据<span style="color: black;">是不是</span><span style="color: black;">恰当</span>,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>不<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>的话,<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">通告</span>客人。例如:CBM<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>客户<span style="color: black;">供给</span>过来20‘大于30,40’大于65的话,那就超出<span style="color: black;">恰当</span>范围,应<span style="color: black;">即时</span>与客户核对。</span><span style="color: black;">10 、装货港,卸货港和目的港<span style="color: black;">每一个</span>船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>对同一个港口的描述可能不尽相同,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>会有特殊的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>客人有<span style="color: black;">尤其</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span><span style="color: black;">需求</span>,<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要先问船<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">是不是</span>接受。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>不接受的话,只能<span style="color: black;">根据</span>船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的<span style="color: black;">需求</span>提交填补料。如:IRISL LINE目的港为:BANDAR ABBAS,卸货港以及目的港必须有:BANDAR ABBAS PERSIAN GULF OR B.ABBAS PERSIAN GULF字样 否则CNEE在目的港<span style="color: black;">没法</span>清关。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">基本知识和<span style="color: black;">重视</span>点</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">1. 提单<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是3正3副,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>有2正3副的。</strong></span>假如信用证有<span style="color: black;">需求</span>的话,要和货代<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>说明。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">T/T付款方式时,理论上只需要一张正本就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>了(提货后其他正本自动失效,副本<span style="color: black;">不可</span>提货),T/T收到<span style="color: black;">所有</span>货款后,给客人寄正本时<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">思虑</span>给自己留一张正本,其他全部寄给客户(<span style="color: black;">以避免</span>提单在寄件路途中丢失)。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">2. 提单正面要<span style="color: black;">表示</span>承运人(全名)。</strong></span>这是<span style="color: black;">晓得</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>到的内容,<span style="color: black;">实质</span>在做信用证的时候,银行告诉我提单上<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>承运人后仍安全交单收款(<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>理论上应该是要<span style="color: black;">表示</span>的)。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">正面<span style="color: black;">表示</span>承运人的则右下角直接由承运<span style="color: black;">机构</span>盖章签字。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">正面<span style="color: black;">无</span><span style="color: black;">表示</span>承运人的并且<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>运输行签署提单时,则在签署提单时注明签署人身份。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">正面有<span style="color: black;">表示</span>承运人的全名但运输行签署的提单,在签署时应注明运输行的身份。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">3. 已装船提单和备运装船提单: </strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">已装船提单:货物装船后签发的提单。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">备运装船提单:货物在未装船时签发的只<span style="color: black;">表率</span>承运人接管托运人所交的货物,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>该提单<span style="color: black;">没法</span>证明货物的装船时间(备运装船提单日期并非装船期)。 </span></p><span style="color: black;">当备运装船提单上加盖“已装船”<span style="color: black;">同期</span>注明装船时间后<span style="color: black;">才可</span>转变为已装船提单。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">4 提单<span style="color: black;">不可</span>有不清洁批注。</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">5. 提单的收货人和<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人必须严格<span style="color: black;">根据</span>信用证填写。 </strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">6. 提单的签发,日期和份数:</strong></span>提单必须由承运人或船长或<span style="color: black;">她们</span>的代理签发,并应<span style="color: black;">知道</span><span style="color: black;">显示</span>签发人身份。<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">暗示</span><span style="color: black;">办法</span>有:CARRIER,CAPTAIN,或“AS AGENT FOR THE CARRIER:XXX”等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">7.<span style="color: black;">针对</span>提单上印有船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>(承运人)名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>的,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>上边货代会打上as agent for the carrier。</strong></span><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>提单上没印船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>,就要有船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的盖章签字了(你那票应该<span style="color: black;">是由于</span>承运人签字的船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>提单吧) </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">8.信用证与提单<span style="color: black;">相关</span>的不符点:</strong></span>提单上未<span style="color: black;">表示</span>承运人。查了一下,官方解释是<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的:<span style="color: black;">根据</span>《跟单信用证统一惯例》第23条第1款的规定,海运提单必须在表面注明承运人的名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>,并由承运人<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">做为</span>承运人的具名代理人<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">表率</span>签字<span style="color: black;">或</span>以其他方式证实,<span style="color: black;">或</span>由船长或<span style="color: black;">做为</span>船长的具名代理人<span style="color: black;">或</span><span style="color: black;">表率</span>签字<span style="color: black;">或</span>以其他方式证实。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">9.提单的签发人<span style="color: black;">区别</span>可分为:</strong></span>FREIGHT FORWARDER B/L 指的是从事国际货物运输的,但又不<span style="color: black;">持有</span>船舶<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的运输<span style="color: black;">机构</span>签发的提单。ORIGINAL BILL OF LADING,俗<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>海单。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_gif/ASUQlFosokoFpKb6fM43r617Gt5cG01vAgfBH7MZib1QGxK9DxW8Yic5IGo4zV2Ppm6LlxuFKeUzgoDHojpZcC9g/640?wx_fmt=gif&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">L/C支付<span style="color: black;">要求</span>下各个单证制作时间<span style="color: black;">次序</span></span></strong></p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">合同</strong></span>---><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">信用证开证</strong></span>--->发票(发票日期要<span style="color: black;">重视</span>早于交单日和信用证有效期,<span style="color: black;">商场</span>发票上的日期<span style="color: black;">不可</span>早于信用证上的开证日期,且发票日期在各单据之首)---><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">产地证</strong></span>(产地证的日期是要和自己做的发票上的日期要一致的。申请产地证<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在发票做成当天或之后申请,签发的日期<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就等于或迟于发票日期了)、<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">保险单、箱单、出口许可证、商检、其他检验证书</strong></span>---> <span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>证明</strong></span>(<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>需要的话)---><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">提单日</strong></span>---><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">汇票</strong></span>(汇票日期<span style="color: black;">重视</span>要早于信用证交单日和有效期)、<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">受益人证明</strong></span>(有的信用证<span style="color: black;">无</span>受益人证明,单据<span style="color: black;">需求</span>里面<span style="color: black;">触及</span>)、<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">装船<span style="color: black;">通告</span></strong></span>(等于或晚于提单日后三天内)<span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">反正需要交单的<span style="color: black;">哪些</span>单据资料日期都得早于交单日。 </strong></span></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">以上时间<span style="color: black;">次序</span>基本上与<span style="color: black;">全部</span>外贸流程相符,完整地做过一单之后就清楚<span style="color: black;">全部</span>流程的细节要点了。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">提单<span style="color: black;">归类</span></span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">提单分为下列三种提单: </strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">一是记名提单(straight B/L),即列明收货人姓名的提单。</strong>我国《海商法》规定记名提单不得转让,承运人必须向提单载明的收货人交付货物。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 记名提单在国际海运贸易中<span style="color: black;">运用</span>并不广泛,<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">仅在</span>运送个<span style="color: black;">名人</span>品、展览品时用。(<span style="color: black;">第1</span>单TT 收货人就直接是客户的名字,没<span style="color: black;">认识</span>到潜在的危险性:在<span style="color: black;">无</span>收款<span style="color: black;">保证</span>的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,千万<span style="color: black;">不可</span>做记名提单。) </span></p><span style="color: black;">在许多国家,记名提单的收货人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>不凭提单就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>提货,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>提单<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上<span style="color: black;">已然</span>失去了货权的<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>力。就像空运提单<span style="color: black;">同样</span>,收货人只要凭身份证明就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>提货。即便是信用证结算,开证行都不愿意接受记名提单,<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">通常</span>信用证都规定为:TO ORDER<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的空白抬头的提单,由此来<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>和<span style="color: black;">把握</span>货权。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,<span style="color: black;">不可</span>只片面的记得记名提单的不可转让特质,还要记住“<span style="color: black;">记名提单的收货人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>不凭提单就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>提货,<span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>提单<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上<span style="color: black;">已然</span>失去了货权的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>。</span>”这是至关重要的一点!概念<span style="color: black;">必定</span>要记得全面,才不会给工作带来差错和损失。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>,假如只收30%货款,且是后T/T 70%的收款方式,做成指定收货人提单,即记名提单的话,一旦客户信誉<span style="color: black;">欠好</span>不付款,将有可能遭遇款、货两空的境地。当然,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>对客户有<span style="color: black;">自信心</span>和收款有把握,则另当别论。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 二是不记名提单(Open B/L (Blank B/L, Bearer B/L) ),即提单收货人栏内不列明姓名。</strong>此类提单无须背书<span style="color: black;">就可</span>转让,承运人凭单放货。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不记名提单上不列明收货人名<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>的提单,谁持有提单,谁就可凭提单向承运人提取货物,承运人交货是凭单不凭人。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> 提单上在收货人一栏注明的是:To the order</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 三<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>示提单,即按提单载明的指示人的指示交付货物的提单。</strong>是当前国际贸易中<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>的提单。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 1、凭银行指示。</strong>即提单收货人栏填写为“to the order of xx Bank”。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 2、凭收货人指示。</strong>即提单收货人栏填写为“to the order of A.B.C. Co. Ltd”。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 3、凭发货人指示。</strong>即提单收货人栏填写为“to the order of shipper”,并由托运人在提单背面空白背书。这种提单<span style="color: black;">也</span>可<span style="color: black;">按照</span>信用证的规定而作成记名背书。托收人<span style="color: black;">亦</span>可不作背书,在这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下则<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>托运人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>提货,即是卖方<span style="color: black;">保存</span>货物所有权。 </span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">而<span style="color: black;">所说</span>无单放货,<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>承运人未凭正本提单交付货物的<span style="color: black;">行径</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">日前</span>,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>指示提单和不记名提单,承运人必须凭正本提单放货,承运人未凭正本提单放货,无论货物放给哪一方,正本提单的合法持有人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>向承运人追究无单放货的违约责任。这点在我国海事司法实践中都是统一的。但在记名提单的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>承运人未凭正本提单将货物交付给记名人,记名提单的合法持有人能否向承运人主张违约责任呢?<span style="color: black;">日前</span>理论和实践都存在否定的倾向。</span></p><span style="color: black;"> 综上所述,各国内货主单位应当充分认识记名提单的危险性,对贸易买方<span style="color: black;">需求</span>签发以其为收货人的记名提单<span style="color: black;">不可</span>随意答应,以<span style="color: black;">保证</span>在信用证等方式结汇受阻的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,对承运人无单放货追究其违约责任。 </span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">提单发放形式</span></strong></p><strong style="color: blue;">1. 电放:需要<span style="color: black;">供给</span>正本“电放保函” 。</strong><span style="color: black;">保函<span style="color: black;">便是</span>出具一份申明说这批货什么东西放给你的哪位客户,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>下面加盖公章,传给货代,剩下的就<span style="color: black;">不消</span>操心了。(当然电放的前提是安全收款!<span style="color: black;">通常</span>都是前TT收到钱才电放),提单确认,出货,等着货代把提单副本传回,再传给客户就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>了。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">2. 分单:</strong>开船后3-4天(当客户在<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>和其他工厂定了同一个柜,方便起见<span style="color: black;">亦</span>为了安全,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>分提单,各自给客户寄过去。)</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">3. 并单:同上</strong> </span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">4. 异地放单:</strong> 要经过船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>同意。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">装箱<span style="color: black;">状况</span></span></strong></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">1. 门到门:</strong><span style="color: black;">便是</span>向货代定舱,约好时间,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>货代会派车队到你的工厂,<span style="color: black;">或</span>指定<span style="color: black;">地区</span>装货,再回到港口。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">2. 内装:</strong>指工厂直接把货发到货代的仓库,<span style="color: black;">而后</span>再由<span style="color: black;">她们</span>帮你拉进港区,货主无权直接送进港区。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">不可小觑的提单<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人</span></strong></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">在海运提单上,有个角色<span style="color: black;">常常</span>被<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>忽略,但它的重要性不可小觑,它<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">通告</span>人。<span style="color: black;">一般</span>海运提单在目的港信息部分有两个<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">乃至</span>三个<span style="color: black;">机构</span>需要填写,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>为Consignee和Notify party。有的船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>提单还会列有the First Notify Party和the Second Notify Party。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">区别Consignee和Notify Party</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">Consignee指收货人,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是目的港客户,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>真正的买家,信用证支付<span style="color: black;">要求</span>下,<span style="color: black;">通常</span>会是银行。</p>Notify party指<span style="color: black;">通告</span>方,<span style="color: black;">指的是</span>的是目的港客户的联系方,若是客户自己就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>填写为Same as consignee,否则<span style="color: black;">通常</span>会标示为客户在目的港的代理商或贸易商。
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">通告</span>方存在的<span style="color: black;">道理</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">货到目的港后,船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>会将到货信息<span style="color: black;">第1</span>时间<span style="color: black;">通告</span><span style="color: black;">通告</span>方,以方便由<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人<span style="color: black;">通告</span>收货人提货,<span style="color: black;">或</span>做其他处理。防止提货不<span style="color: black;">即时</span>,<span style="color: black;">导致</span>滞港滞箱费<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>巨额罚金。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>,为了防止<span style="color: black;">通告</span>不到,有的时候,会有二个<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人。<span style="color: black;">由于</span>在信用证支付<span style="color: black;">要求</span>下,提单上的Consignee<span style="color: black;">常常</span>是开证行,而非真正的收货人;当所有单据交到开证行时,开证行会<span style="color: black;">通告</span>真正收货人进行议付等流程。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">填写不可随意</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">非常多</span><span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人被当做<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人时并不知情<span style="color: black;">或</span>并未事先沟通好,<span style="color: black;">引起</span>到货<span style="color: black;">通告</span><span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">即时</span>到达收货人手里,从而<span style="color: black;">导致</span>提货延误和额外的<span style="color: black;">花费</span>产生。这就需要在确认提单时,<span style="color: black;">通告</span>方一栏<span style="color: black;">亦</span>要格外<span style="color: black;">重视</span>,不可随意。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">关于To order</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">有时<span style="color: black;">咱们</span>会碰到To order 提单。To order提单泛指指示提单。<span style="color: black;">通常</span>格式为‘To order of xxx’,需要‘xxx’的背书<span style="color: black;">才可</span>转让<span style="color: black;">或</span>提货。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>提单上收货人栏<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>‘To order’,<span style="color: black;">此时</span>的含义<span style="color: black;">便是</span>‘To order of shipper’,需要‘shipper’的背书。<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人只起到<span style="color: black;">通告</span>收货人的作用,与背书无关。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">关于<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人的疑问</strong> </span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">1)<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>提单的收货人和<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人不一致, <span style="color: black;">通常</span>货到<span style="color: black;">通告</span>是发给谁的?</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">通常</span>是<span style="color: black;">通告</span>收货人的。<span style="color: black;">都数</span>提单都是以<span style="color: black;">通告</span>方的信息<span style="color: black;">做为</span>目的港船代理联系收货人的<span style="color: black;">重点</span>信息。<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">都数</span>提单的收货人为To order,不直接具名。有时,被<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人联系不到,会找收货人,或有必要时联系发货人。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">2)做提单电放,该给谁?</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">收货人。无论是正本还是电放,都是物权转移,其<span style="color: black;">基本</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>要转移到物权人手里。真正<span style="color: black;">持有</span>货权的<span style="color: black;">便是</span>收货人。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">3)提单收货人和<span style="color: black;">通告</span>方都为To order <span style="color: black;">能够</span>吗?</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">从表面上看,<span style="color: black;">这般</span>操作方便,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>转让给任何收货人。但<span style="color: black;">实质</span>操作中<span style="color: black;">通常</span>船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>规定,提单收货人和<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人<span style="color: black;">不可</span><span style="color: black;">同期</span>为To order。只能有一个,这<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是为了防止货运<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">4)客户信用证<span style="color: black;">需求</span>提单上<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人栏<span style="color: black;">一块</span>写两个<span style="color: black;">机构</span>,<span style="color: black;">这般</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>吗</strong><strong style="color: blue;">?</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">有的船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>提单会有<span style="color: black;">第1</span><span style="color: black;">通告</span>人和第二<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>的话<span style="color: black;">能够</span>在一个<span style="color: black;">通告</span>方下面填写两个<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">5)收货人To order的<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,海运提单上面的<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人<span style="color: black;">能够</span>提货吗?</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不会,当船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>正本提单的收货人为To order时,发货人不背书寄给客户,收货人是提不到的,更别说<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人了。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 6)<span style="color: black;">客户<span style="color: black;">需求</span>,提单的<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人一栏<span style="color: black;">表示</span>To order,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>吗?</span></strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">最好不要To order。毕竟<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人的<span style="color: black;">功效</span>是<span style="color: black;">即时</span><span style="color: black;">认识</span>到货<span style="color: black;">状况</span>,<span style="color: black;">通告</span>收货人<span style="color: black;">即时</span>收货。<span style="color: black;">通常</span><span style="color: black;">通告</span>人<span style="color: black;">倘若</span><span style="color: black;">无</span>,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>写Same as consignee。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"> 7)<span style="color: black;">提单的收货人To order,<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人是 Same as consignee</span></strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>收货人是To order, <span style="color: black;">必定</span>要<span style="color: black;">供给</span>一个有<span style="color: black;">详细</span>联系方式的Notify party, 否则船到港之后,会<span style="color: black;">因为</span><span style="color: black;">没法</span><span style="color: black;">通告</span>到进口商或<span style="color: black;">关联</span>责任方而<span style="color: black;">引起</span>货物<span style="color: black;">没法</span>被提领,<span style="color: black;">乃至</span>有可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>被海关没收等严重后果。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>是要申报AMS/ACI的话, 还有可能<span style="color: black;">引起</span>被对方海关处以巨额罚金。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">8)T<span style="color: black;">o order提单需不需要<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人背书 ?</span></strong></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">倘若</span>提单的收货人是To order,且之后<span style="color: black;">无</span>其它内容,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>:不是To order of the XXX,<span style="color: black;">那样</span>,这叫做空白指示提单,需要Shipper(发货人)背书。Notify party是目的港的<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人,与背书无关。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">9)货已到港,客户说<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人的抬头没写全,<span style="color: black;">需求</span>改单,否则<span style="color: black;">没法</span>清关。<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>真的影响呢?</strong></span></p><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">通告</span>人抬头错误不会影响,只要提单上的收货人正确,<span style="color: black;">通告</span>人信息只要不影响判定真实性,不会影响目的港客户清关提货的。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">平常</span>问题</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">1、<span style="color: black;">为何</span>有时候外商无需提单<span style="color: black;">就可</span>提货?</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ibBBs7mRU2ePzybvl9L74shtYmYuKGhppibENcGUMCbGYE36ZGwiae3unxnkN0nFicBoHh3FsibBPKBzDuYfBCIWldw/640?wx_fmt=png&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">咱们</span><span style="color: black;">晓得</span>,提单理论上应该是“物权凭证”,即谁“合法取得”提单,谁就等于拿到了货物。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">提单上有发货人(出口商)Shipper、承运人(货代/船东)Carrier、收货人Consignee、<span style="color: black;">通告</span>方Notify Party四方。其中“收货人Consignee”决定了货物的归属。</span></p><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">“收货人Consignee”<span style="color: black;">一般</span>有两种填写方式:</strong></span><span style="color: black;">一是“凭指示(TO ORDER或TO ORDER OF...)”,即收货人是谁还未定,这种提单<span style="color: black;">能够</span><span style="color: black;">经过</span>背书(原持有人在提单背面签字,<span style="color: black;">暗示</span>转让)自由转让,比较贵重-----<span style="color: black;">由于</span>谁“合法”拿到提单,货物<span style="color: black;">便是</span>谁的。<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的提单<span style="color: black;">便是</span>“不记名提单”。不记名提单的操作中,外商拿不到正本提单就无权提货(除非货代和船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>乱来,违法无单放货),很保险,<span style="color: black;">举荐</span><span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">运用</span>。信用证项下,银行<span style="color: black;">一般</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>会<span style="color: black;">需求</span>出具<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的提单。</span><span style="color: black;">另一种<span style="color: black;">便是</span>记名提单,即“收货人Consignee”栏<span style="color: black;">详细</span>写明了收货人的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>名址(<span style="color: black;">一般</span>是外商),<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>这家<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">才可</span>提货。<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">详细</span>规定了收货人,<span style="color: black;">因此</span>别人即使拿到提单<span style="color: black;">亦</span>没用,此提单<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">没法</span>转让。另一方面,正<span style="color: black;">由于</span>规定死了提货人,<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>他<span style="color: black;">才可</span>提货,<span style="color: black;">因此</span><span style="color: black;">有些</span>国家就认可这个收货人即使<span style="color: black;">无</span>正本,只要证明自己的身份,就能提货。</span><span style="color: black;"> 这<span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">为何</span><span style="color: black;">咱们</span>在业务中会碰到外商没拿到正本提单<span style="color: black;">亦</span>能提货的<span style="color: black;">原由</span>。</span><span style="color: black;"> 在这种<span style="color: black;">状况</span>下,把货物交给货代开出记名提单,几乎就等于直接交货给外商。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>此时<span style="color: black;">无</span>收回货款,就有<span style="color: black;">必定</span>的<span style="color: black;">危害</span>,付款与否就靠外商自觉了。记名提单<span style="color: black;">亦</span>就失去了“物权凭证”的效力。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">2、<span style="color: black;">那些</span>国家<span style="color: black;">能够</span>无需记名提单正本<span style="color: black;">就可</span>提货?</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ibBBs7mRU2ePzybvl9L74shtYmYuKGhppibENcGUMCbGYE36ZGwiae3unxnkN0nFicBoHh3FsibBPKBzDuYfBCIWldw/640?wx_fmt=png&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p><span style="color: black;">并非所有国家都可以无(记名提单)正本提货的。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">日前</span>世界上主流的法律体系有两种,英美法系和大陆法系。其中<span style="color: black;">仅有</span>英美法系,过去认为记名提单不是物权凭证。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>英美法系的国家容易<span style="color: black;">出现</span>记名提单下私自提货的现象。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">英美法系国家有:</strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">美国、加拿大、英国、澳大利亚、香港、新西兰、印度、巴基斯坦、孟加拉、马来西亚、新加坡、巴哈马、博茨瓦纳、文莱、喀麦隆、塞浦路斯、斐济、冈比亚、加纳、格林纳达、圭亚那、牙买加、肯尼亚、基里巴斯、莱索托、马尔代夫、马耳他、毛里求斯、莫桑比克、纳米比亚、瑙鲁、尼日利亚、塞舌尔、塞拉利昂、南非、斯里兰卡、斯威士兰、坦桑尼亚、汤加、特立尼达和多巴哥、图瓦卢、乌干达等。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">有疑虑时,<span style="color: black;">大众</span><span style="color: black;">能够</span>在网上查查<span style="color: black;">另外</span>商<span style="color: black;">是不是</span>属于英美法系国家。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">不外</span>,即便是英美法系的国家(<span style="color: black;">包含</span>英国),<span style="color: black;">近期</span>几年<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">显现</span>了<span style="color: black;">有些</span>判例,认为记名提单<span style="color: black;">亦</span>是物权凭证。英美法系中是判例即法律的,<span style="color: black;">能够</span>看成是一种转机。虽然如此,还是要<span style="color: black;">小心</span>,毕竟预防为主,一旦出事,哪怕打官司赢了,对绝大<span style="color: black;">都数</span>中小出口企业<span style="color: black;">来讲</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>是得不偿失的。更何况还不<span style="color: black;">必定</span>打得赢,老手些的外商很容易把诉讼变成<span style="color: black;">商场</span>纠纷,扯皮几年。</span></p><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">因此</span>,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>不<span style="color: black;">熟练</span>的外商,尤其是D/P的,最好慎用记名提单。<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上记名不记名的,在正经的生意操作中不会给外商带来太多<span style="color: black;">不方便</span>。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;">3、货代提单和船东提单是一回事吗?</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/ibBBs7mRU2ePzybvl9L74shtYmYuKGhppibENcGUMCbGYE36ZGwiae3unxnkN0nFicBoHh3FsibBPKBzDuYfBCIWldw/640?wx_fmt=png&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">咱们在<span style="color: black;">实质</span>操作中,会碰上两种类型的提单:船东提单和货代提单。船东,<span style="color: black;">便是</span>自己有远洋货轮的货运<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。一条远洋货轮的造价不菲,拥有自己的远洋船队的<span style="color: black;">机构</span>自然是实力<span style="color: black;">浑厚</span>。从某种<span style="color: black;">道理</span>上看,<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">亦</span>比较可*,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>做<span style="color: black;">很久</span>生意的比较注重声誉,不会为一点蝇头小利而自毁名节,相对<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>操作上就比较正规。另一种货运<span style="color: black;">机构</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span>货运代理,简<span style="color: black;">叫作</span>货代。货代自己<span style="color: black;">无</span>船,某种<span style="color: black;">道理</span>上性质与普通贸易<span style="color: black;">机构</span>差不多。<span style="color: black;">她们</span>招揽货物以后,再<span style="color: black;">一块</span>拿到船东那里去订舱。咱们不妨把船东和货代的区别和关系看成批发商和零售商,商品<span style="color: black;">便是</span>远洋货轮的“舱位”。船东把舱位批发给货代,货代把舱位零售给咱们。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">不难想象,船东虽然稳妥,但毕竟难免“店大压客”<span style="color: black;">有些</span>,在服务的灵活性和殷勤程度上<span style="color: black;">常常</span>比不上货代。货代数量众多,分布广泛,与咱们做外贸的沟通起来非常方便,<span style="color: black;">亦</span>比较愿意<span style="color: black;">协同</span>咱们的操作,<span style="color: black;">尤其</span>是上面<span style="color: black;">说到</span>的类似于“倒签提单”<span style="color: black;">这般</span>的特殊运作。<span style="color: black;">因此</span>,<span style="color: black;">实质</span>工作中咱们跟货代打交道更为<span style="color: black;">广泛</span>。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">表面上看,船东提单和货代提单的效力<span style="color: black;">类似</span>,咱们把正本提单卖给外商,外商凭提单取货。而<span style="color: black;">实质</span>上还是有差别的。<span style="color: black;">首要</span>,提单本身<span style="color: black;">便是</span>一种“运输契约”,货运人把提单开给咱们,就等于签了一份承运合同。船东提单,是咱们与船东间的合同,而货代提单就不是。咱们把货物交给货代,货代再交给船东,货代与船东间有承运协议,船东只对货代负责而不会对咱们货主负责,<span style="color: black;">由于</span>在货代提单的操作下,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>船东<span style="color: black;">来讲</span>,货代才是“货主”。.</span></p><span style="color: black;"> <span style="color: black;">因此呢</span>,</span><span style="color: black;">凭船东提单,到了目的港<span style="color: black;">能够</span>直接提货;而货代提单则不行,需要把货代提单拿到港口代理人那里“换单”,<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">便是</span><span style="color: black;">按照</span>货代提单开出提货<span style="color: black;">通告</span>,再去提货。当然,<span style="color: black;">针对</span>咱们提货人而言,这表面上<span style="color: black;">便是</span>多了一道手续<span style="color: black;">罢了</span>,不影响提货的,不算什么<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。恰恰相反,咱们<span style="color: black;">能够</span>利用这一点更好地<span style="color: black;">掌控</span>物权。</span><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">例如</span>,咱们把货代提单交给客户以后,<span style="color: black;">忽然</span><span style="color: black;">发掘</span>客户有欺诈<span style="color: black;">行径</span>,可能会不给钱,<span style="color: black;">此时</span>咱们就<span style="color: black;">能够</span>请货代帮忙,<span style="color: black;">通告</span>目的港代理“扣住”货物,让外商即使拿着货代提单<span style="color: black;">亦</span>暂时提不到货,给咱们争取宝贵的时间(无正式理由,目的港<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">不方便</span>强行扣货,只能拖延数日,<span style="color: black;">不外</span><span style="color: black;">针对</span>外贸纠纷而言,这种拖延非常有利于出口商)。</span><span style="color: black;">简言之,<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>货物运输本身不幸出了事,咱们追究货运<span style="color: black;">机构</span>责任的时候,显然实力<span style="color: black;">浑厚</span>的船东比普通的货代更有能力负责。平时货代则比船东能<span style="color: black;">协同</span>咱们的工作,在灵活处理提单和防范<span style="color: black;">商场</span>欺诈上,货代的<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span>至关重要。<span style="color: black;">另外</span>,货代的运输价格<span style="color: black;">亦</span><span style="color: black;">特别有</span><span style="color: black;">优良</span>,常有折扣。</span><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;">MBL与HBL的操作区别:MBL为船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>的提单;HBL为货代的提单。</strong></span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">1. SHIPPER 把托运单传给FORWARDER,写明整箱还是拼箱。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">2. FORWARDER 向船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>定舱,船ON BOARD后。船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>签发MBL给FORWARDER。MBL的SHIPPER 是起运港的FORWARDER,CNEE<span style="color: black;">通常</span>是FORWARDER目的港的分<span style="color: black;">机构</span>或代理。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">3. FOWARDER签HBL给SHIPPER。HBL的SHIPPER 是真正的货主。CNEE<span style="color: black;">通常</span>做信用证的是TO ORDER。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">4. CARRIER 在船开后将货物运达目的港。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">5. FORWARDER 将MBL<span style="color: black;">经过</span>DHL/UPS/TNT等寄往目的港分<span style="color: black;">机构</span>。(INCLUDING:CUSTOM CLEARANCE DOCS)</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">6. SHIPPER拿到提单后,在交单期之内向国内议付行交单,结汇。<span style="color: black;">倘若</span>做T/TSHPPER直接寄单据给国外客人。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">7. 议付行把全套单据向开证行结汇。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">8. CNEE向开证行付款赎单。</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;">9. FORWARDER 拿着MBL向船<span style="color: black;">机构</span>换单提货,清关。</span></p><span style="color: black;">10. CNEE拿着HBL向FORWARDER提货。</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">以上是世商管理国际贸易实培训培训为<span style="color: black;">大众</span>整理的国际贸易进出口提单知识,供学习参考!外贸工作中有困惑<span style="color: black;">能够</span>找世商管理,20<span style="color: black;">数年</span>专业企业管理培训,18年外贸企业管理培训,<span style="color: black;">传授进出口知识,为企业或个人<span style="color: black;">供给</span>外贸培训课程/企业管理培训服务。<span style="color: black;">帮忙</span><span style="color: black;">处理</span>工作<span style="color: black;">实质</span>问题,助力中国企业扬帆海外!</span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">千万别把学习的<span style="color: black;">次序</span>搞反了:</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(1)不是<span style="color: black;">显现</span><span style="color: black;">危害</span>才去学习,而是学习之后去规避<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;">(2)不是等出了问题,才想到去弥补,而是做好准备了才不会出问题。</p><span style="color: black;">世商管理</span>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">企业进出口贸易/关务合规,降本增效得到高度<span style="color: black;">注重</span>! 无论是代理还是自主报关,主体责任永远是企业本身,一旦产生<span style="color: black;">危害</span>将会带来巨大损失!然而众多进出口企业人员<span style="color: black;">常常</span>因实战技能不成熟、操作<span style="color: black;">欠妥</span><span style="color: black;">导致</span><span style="color: black;">非常多</span>不必要的麻烦,经常都在处理“意外”!<span style="color: black;">怎样</span>炼就金钢不败之身?<span style="color: black;">有效</span>稳健的处理进出口活动中<span style="color: black;">出现</span>的一切,全面系统<span style="color: black;">把握</span>进出口各环节操作要点和技巧,做一个进出口全程有把握的专家,打造专业的进出口团队,规范工作流程,防范贸易<span style="color: black;">危害</span>。</span><span style="color: black;">企业必须<span style="color: black;">加强</span>进出口贸易人员的整体工作技能,<span style="color: black;">例如</span>参加<span style="color: black;">有些</span>务实的贸易培训课程,<span style="color: black;">举荐</span>参加世商管理的系统外贸培训班,<span style="color: black;">由于</span><span style="color: black;">她们</span>的培训专家都是国内顶尖权威的,外贸及关务工作经验丰富,值得信赖!</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;">2024年全系例课表下载链接:</span><span style="color: black;">https://wtt6.com/2017year</span></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><span style="color: black;"><strong style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"> 已服务的标杆企业:</span></strong></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 16px; color: black; line-height: 40px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 15px;"><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/YfibYWBT8dxu7L7Kh5J4wicqnmBaTLerhDF7nL4lqZTxuzuVfwmv483Lb8gmbFNugHgYoKA4BCjQOWKUUyttZ03g/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1&wx_co=1&tp=webp" style="width: 50%; margin-bottom: 20px;"></p>
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我们有着相似的经历,你的感受我深有体会。 期待更新、坐等、迫不及待等。
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